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http://dx.doi.org/10.7780/kjrs.2018.34.1.1

Validation of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) from Satellite Passive Microwave Sensor (GPM/GMI) and Causes of SST Errors in the Northwest Pacific  

Kim, Hee-Young (Department of Science Education, Seoul National University)
Park, Kyung-Ae (Department of Earth Science Education / Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University)
Chung, Sung-Rae (National Meteorological Satellite Center / Korea Meteorological Administration)
Baek, Seon-Kyun (National Meteorological Satellite Center / Korea Meteorological Administration)
Lee, Byung-Il (National Meteorological Satellite Center / Korea Meteorological Administration)
Shin, In-Chul (National Meteorological Satellite Center / Korea Meteorological Administration)
Chung, Chu-Yong (National Meteorological Satellite Center / Korea Meteorological Administration)
Kim, Jae-Gwan (National Meteorological Satellite Center / Korea Meteorological Administration)
Jung, Won-Chan (Meteorological Satellite Ground Segment Development Center / Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Remote Sensing / v.34, no.1, 2018 , pp. 1-15 More about this Journal
Abstract
Passive microwave sea surface temperatures (SST) were validated in the Northwest Pacific using a total of 102,294 collocated matchup data between Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) / GPM Microwave Sensor(GMI) data and oceanic in-situ temperature measurements from March 2014 to December 2016. A root-mean-square (RMS) error and a bias error of the GMI SST measurements were evaluated to $0.93^{\circ}C$ and $0.05^{\circ}C$, respectively. The SST differences between GMI and in-situ measurements were caused by various factors such as wind speed, columnar atmospheric water vapor, land contamination near coastline or islands. The GMI SSTs were found to be higher than the in-situ temperature measurements at low wind speed (<6 m/s) during the daytime. As the wind speed increased at night, SST errors showed positive bias. In addition, other factors, coming from atmospheric water vapor, sensitivity degradation at a low temperature range, and land contamination, also contributed to the errors. One of remarkable characteristics of the errors was their latitudinal dependence with large errors at high latitudes above $30^{\circ}N$. Seasonal characteristics revealed that the errors were most frequently observed in winter with a significant positive deviation. This implies that SST errors tend to be large under conditions of high wind speeds and low SSTs. Understanding of microwave SST errors in this study is anticipated to compensate less temporal capability of Infrared SSTs and to contribute to increase a satellite observation rate with time, especially in SST composite process.
Keywords
Sea surface temperature; GPM/GMI; Validation; Microwave; SST error;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
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