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http://dx.doi.org/10.7780/kjrs.2008.24.4.273

Oceanic Skin-Bulk Temperature Difference through the Comparison of Satellite-Observed Sea Surface Temperature and In-Situ Measurements  

Park, Kyung-Ae (Department of Earth Science Education/Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University)
Sakaida, Futoki (Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies, Tohoku University)
Kawamura, Hiroshi (Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies, Tohoku University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Remote Sensing / v.24, no.4, 2008 , pp. 273-287 More about this Journal
Abstract
Characteristics of skin-bulk sea surface temperature (SST) differences in the Northeast Asia seas were analyzed by utilizing 845 collocated matchup data between NOAA/AVHRR data and oceanic in-situ temperature measurements for selected months from 1994 to 2003. In order to understand diurnal variation of SST within a few meters of the upper ocean, the matchup database were classified into four categories according to day-night and drifter-shipboard measurements. Temperature measurements from daytime drifters showed a good agreement with satellite MCSST (Multi-Channel Sea Surface Temperature) with an RMS error of about $0.56^{\circ}C$. Poor accuracy of SST with an rrns error of $1.12^{\circ}C$ was found in the case of daytime shipboard CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) measurements. SST differences between MCSST and in-situ measurements are caused by various errors coming from atmospheric moist effect, coastal effect, and others. Most of the remarkable errors were resulted from the diurnal variation of vertical temperature structure within a few meters as well as in-situ oceanic temperatures at different depth, about 20 cm for a satellite-tracked drifting buoy and a few meters for shipboard CTD or moored buoy. This study suggests that satellite-derived SST shows significant errors of about ${\pm}3^{\circ}C$ in some cases and therefore it should be carefully used for one's purpose on the base of in-depth understanding of skin-bulk SST difference and vertical temperature structure in regional sea.
Keywords
sea surface temperature; skin; bulk; diurnal variation; MCSST;
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