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A Study of the Optimum Installation Number of Face Bolts Using Laboratory Tests and Numerical Analysis  

Seo, Kyoung-Won (한국건설기술연구원)
Kazuo, Nishimurn (Tokyo Metropolitan University 토목공학과)
Kim, Chang-Young (한국건설기술연구원)
Publication Information
Tunnel and Underground Space / v.16, no.6, 2006 , pp. 467-475 More about this Journal
Abstract
The use of face bolt method has been increasing abroad recently. Hence, many tests and measurements are being conducted and reported. Also, it is well hewn that determination of the installation number of foe bolts in the design stage is very difficult due to difference of the ground condition and the type of a bolt to be used. First of all, the type, the number, etc. of bolts used in various tunnel construction sites, investigated, are analyzed. The relationship between bolt and ground condition could not be found because bolts have been used with the other support methods in many cases. In the laboratory test and numerical analysis based on the site investigation, the behavior of ground and pipes installed on the tunnel face to support has been examined. Especially, the installed number is focused on. According to the result of tests, the surface settlement and the axial displacement of the face decrease exponentially as the number of installed bolts increases.
Keywords
Face bolt; Axial displacement; Axial force; 3-Dimensional model test;
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