Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4275/KSLIS.2022.56.4.431

Analyzing the Phenomena of Hate in Korea by Text Mining Techniques  

Hea-Jin, Kim (공주대학교 문헌정보교육과, 학교도서관교육연구소)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science / v.56, no.4, 2022 , pp. 431-453 More about this Journal
Abstract
Hate is a collective expression of exclusivity toward others and it is fostered and reproduced through false public perception. This study aims to explore the objects and issues of hate discussed in our society using text mining techniques. To this end, we collected 17,867 news data published from 1990 to 2020 and constructed a co-word network and cluster analysis. In order to derive an explicit co-word network highly related to hate, we carried out sentence split and extracted a total of 52,520 sentences containing the words 'hate', 'prejudice' and 'discrimination' in the preprocessing phase. As a result of analyzing the frequency of words in the collected news data, the subjects that appeared most frequently in relation to hate in our society were women, race, and sexual minorities, and the related issues were related laws and crimes. As a result of cluster analysis based on the co-word network, we found a total of six hate-related clusters. The largest cluster was 'genderphobic', accounting for 41.4% of the total, followed by 'sexual minority hatred' at 28.7%, 'racial hatred' at 15.1%, 'selective hatred' at 8.5%, 'political hatred' accounted for 5.7% and 'environmental hatred' accounted for 0.3%. In the discussion, we comprehensively extracted all specific hate target names from the collected news data, which were not specifically revealed as a result of the cluster analysis.
Keywords
Co-word analysis; Gerontophobia; LGBTQ hate; Misogyny; Xenophobia; Text-mining;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 An, Juyoung, Ahn, Kyubin, & Song, Min (2016). Text mining driven content analysis of Ebola on news media and scientific publications. Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science, 50(2), 289-307. https://doi.org/10.4275/KSLIS.2016.50.2.289   DOI
2 Kang, Jingu (2021). The pandemic and hatred: focusing on comments to articles related to Vietnam. Journal of Multi-Cultural Contents Studies, 37, 185-212. https://dx.doi.org/10.15400/mccs.2021.08.37.185   DOI
3 Kim, Ha-Jin & Song, Min (2014). A study on the research trends in domestic/international information science articles by co-word analysis. Journal of the Korean Society for Information Management, 31(1), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.3743/KOSIM.2014.31.1.099   DOI
4 Kim, Jisoo & Youn, Sug-Min (2019). How does hate speech become a business in internet personal broadcasting?: focusing on a talk/camcorder genre broadcast on YouTube and Afreeca TV. Korean Journal of Broadcasting and Telecommunication Studies, 33(3), 45-79.   DOI
5 Kim, Jongwoo (2021). Anti-discrimination law and polarized human rights: focusing on the Korean media discourse of anti-discrimination law. Economy and Society, 129, 84-117. https://dx.doi.org/10.18207/criso.2021.129.84   DOI
6 Lee, Jungnyum (2016). Online hate speech and the freedom of expression: in focus on the current judgement of the european court of human rights. The Justice, 153, 37-56.
7 Lee, Soo-Yeon, Kim, Hyun-Jung, & Jung, Sooyeon (2016). Text-mining based topic analysis on online sexism. Journal of Cybercommunication Academic Society, 33(3), 159-199.
8 Lee, Younho & Jeong, Seokho (2022). Analysis of hate perception for foreign countries and foreigners on online: focusing on the text-mining analysis of online news article comments from 2019 to 2021. Korean Journal of Social Welfare, 74(1), 107-131. https://dx.doi.org/10.20970/kasw.2022.74.1.005   DOI
9 Park Seung-Hee, Yeom, Ji-Hye, & Lee, Hyunjoo (2021). Changes in the images of persons with disabilities represented in the April newspaper articles of 1990-2020 in Korea. Disability & Employment, 31(3), 165-202. https://dx.doi.org/10.15707/disem.2021.31.3.007   DOI
10 Park, Seung-Ho (2019). The definition and regulation method of hate speech. Kookmin Law Review, 31(3), 45-88. https://dx.doi.org/10.17251/legal.2019.31.3.45   DOI
11 Blondel, V. D., Guillaume, J. L., Lambiotte, R., & Lefebvre, E. (2008). Fast unfolding of communities in large networks. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2008(10), P10008.   DOI
12 Shin, Kyung-Ah & Choi, Yoonhyeung (2020). Ageism in society: an analysis of the comments posted on major internet portal sites concerning news about elderly people. The Korean Journal of Advertising, 31(6), 93-128. https://dx.doi.org/10.14377/KJA.2020.8.31.93   DOI
13 Yang, Hyeseung (2022). A text mining analysis on hate comments targeted at women, immigrants, and the elderly: in the context of Naver crime news. Korean Journal of Broadcasting and Telecommunication Studies, 36(3), 1-41.
14 Youn, Eun-Joo (2019). The understand as a way to counter the expression of disgust. Human Beings, Environment and Their Future, 22, 229-250. https://dx.doi.org/10.34162/hefins.2019..22.008   DOI
15 Callon, M., Courtial, J., & Laville, F. (1991). Co-word analysis as a tool for describing the network of interactions between basic and technological research: the case of polymer chemistry. Scientometrics, 22(1), 155-205.   DOI
16 Cheng, Q., Wang, J., Lu, W., Huang, Y., & Bu, Y. (2020). Keyword-citation-keyword network: a new perspective of discipline knowledge structure analysis. Scientometrics, 124(3), 1923-1943.   DOI
17 Frenda, S., Ghanem, B., Montes-y-Gomez, M., & Rosso, P. (2019). Online hate speech against women: automatic identification of misogyny and sexism on twitter. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 36(5), 4743-4752.   DOI
18 Liu, G. Y., Hu, J. M., & Wang, H. L. (2012). A co-word analysis of digital library field in China. Scientometrics, 91(1), 203-217.   DOI
19 Newman, M. E. & Girvan, M. (2004). Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Physical Review E, 69(2), 026113.   DOI
20 Silva, L., Mondal, M., Correa, D., Benevenuto, F., & Weber, I. (2016, March). Analyzing the targets of hate in online social media. In Tenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media.
21 YTN (2015. 10. 02). [한컷뉴스] 예의지국의 씁슬한 현실 '지금은 노인혐오 시대?'. 출처: https://www.ytn.co.kr/_ln/0103_201510021500083270
22 Watts, D. J. & Strogatz, S. (1998). Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks. Nature, 393(6684), 440-442. doi:10.1038/30918.   DOI
23 An, Soontae, Lee, Hannah, & Chung, Soondool (2021). Social perceptions and attitudes toward the elderly shared online: focusing on social big data analysis. Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, 41(4), 505-525. https://dx.doi.org/10.31888/JKGS.2021.41.4.505   DOI
24 Bae, Gibbuem & Kim, Chan-Woo (2019). The trend analysis and following core issue of Korean gender conflict using social big data. Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology, 9(2), 441-450. https://dx.doi.org/10.35873/ajmahs.2019.9.2.044   DOI
25 Choi, Hyun-Cheol (2017). Aversion, its analysis and philosophical idea. Philosophical Investigation, 46, 175-199. https://dx.doi.org/10.33156/philos.2017.46.006   DOI
26 Han, Hee-Jeong (2016). Narratives and emotions on immigrant women analyzing comments from the agora internet community (Daum portal site). Korean Journal of Communication & Information, 75(1), 43-79.
27 Hong, Juhyun & Na, Eun-Kyung (2016). Online hate speech diffusion network analysis: issue-specific diffusion patterns, types and intensity of verbal expression on online hatred. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 60(5), 145-175. https://dx.doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2016.60.5.006   DOI
28 Hong, Sung-Soo (2019). Law and policy on hate. Journal of Law, 30(2), 191-228. https://dx.doi.org/10.33982/clr.2019.05.30.2.191   DOI
29 Jin, Kyong-sun, Kim, Su-Yeon, Jeong, Yoo-Kyung, Song, Hyun-joo, & Song, Min (2017). Attitudes towards sexual comments in group texting. The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology, 22(2), 289-313. https://dx.doi.org/10.18205/kpa.2017.22.2.009   DOI
30 Huh, RaKeum (2018). Hate speech, it's two faces of oppression: 'Cultural Imperialism' and 'Violence'. Culture and Convergence, 40(4), 65-93. https://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2018.08.40.4.65   DOI
31 Jo, Hae-Jeong (2021). The phenomenon of xenophobia in Korea and the idea of intercultural-philosophy. Cogito, 95, 141-171.   DOI