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http://dx.doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2020.33.4.279

Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol Extract of Lythrum anceps (Koehne) Makino in Human Leukemia U937 Cells  

Jeong, Jin-Woo (Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources)
Kim, Chul Hwan (Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources)
Lee, Young-Kyung (Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources)
Hwang, Yong (Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources)
Lee, Ki Won (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dong-a University)
Choi, Kyung-Min (Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources)
Kim, Jung Il (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dong-a University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Plant Resources / v.33, no.4, 2020 , pp. 279-286 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purple loosestrife-Lythrum anceps (Koehne) Makino is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the Lythraceae family. It has been used for centuries in Korea and other Asian traditional medicine. It has been showed pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidant and anti-microbial effects. However, the mechanisms underlying its anti-cancer effect are not yet understood. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of apoptosis signaling pathways by ethanol extract of Lythrum anceps (Koehne) Makino (ELM) in human leukemia U937 cells. Treatment with ELM significantly inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner by inducing apoptosis, as evidenced by the formation of apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs), DNA fragmentation and increased populations of sub-G1 ratio. Induction of apoptosis by ELM was connected with up-regulation of death receptor (DR) 4 and DR5, pro-apoptotic Bax protein expression and down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, and inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family proteins, depending on dosage. This induction was associated with Bid truncation, mitochondrial dysfunction, proteolytic activation of caspases (-3, -8 and -9) and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase protein. Therefore, our data indicate that ELM suppresses U937 cell growth by activating the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways, and thus may have applications as a potential source for an anti-leukemic chemotherapeutic agent.
Keywords
Apoptosis; Caspase; Leukemia U937 cells; Lythrum anceps (Koehne) Makino;
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