Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.15434/kssh.2017.30.2.146

The Effect of the Strength of Physical Activity on Vitamin D Deficiency among Korean Adolescents  

Kim, Jiyun (College of Nursing, Gachon University)
Choi, Sookja (Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University)
Yi, Yunjeong (Department of Nursing, Kyung-In Women's University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of School Health / v.30, no.2, 2017 , pp. 146-153 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the association between physical activity and vitamin D deficiency status among Korean adolescents. Methods: This is cross-sectional analysis of Korean adolescents aged 10-18 years from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES 2010-2012; n=2,384). We estimated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and identified the correlations with the strength of physical activity. $x^2$ test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression using complex sample analysis were done. The odds ratio of vitamin D deficiency by physical activity was calculated using complex sample multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 78.2%. The mean serum 25 (OH) D level in deficiency group and non-deficiency group was 14.4ng/mL, 23.7ng/mL respectively. Differences by age strata (the prevalence ranging from 68.5% to 86.3%) and gender (78.6% for boy and 84.5% for girl) were identified. Among adolescents aged 16-18 or girl in vigorous physical activity, a significant correlation between vitamin D deficiency and physical activity was observed, whereas no significant correlation were found among adolescents in moderate physical activity. Conclusion: In conclusion, vigorous physical activity was associated with vitamin D deficit in Korean adolescents. Thus, intervention programs enhancing vigorous activity than moderate activity need to be developed in schools and community.
Keywords
Adolescent; Physical activity; Vitamin D; Vitamin D deficiency; KNHANES;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Bozzetto S, Carraro S, Giordano G, Boner A, Baraldi E. Asthma, allergy and respiratory infections: The vitamin D hypothesis. Allergy. 2012; 67:10-17.   DOI
2 Almehmadi B, Fallata E, Alqahtani S, Al-Agha A. The effects of physical activity and sun exposure on vitamin D status among children from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Pediatric Care. 2016.
3 Sioen I, Mouratidou T, Kaufman J-M, Bammann K, Michels N, Pigeot I, et al. Determinants of vitamin D status in young children: ResulDong Yts from the Belgian arm of the IDEFICS (Identification and Prevention of Dietary-and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants) Study. Public Health Nutrition. 2012; 15(06):1093-1099.   DOI
4 Hjelmesaeth J, Hofso D, Aasheim ET, Jenssen T, Moan J, Hager H, et al. Parathyroid hormone, but not vitamin D, is associated with the metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese women and men: A cross-sectional study. Cardiovascular diabetology. 2009;8(1):7.   DOI
5 Ha CD, Cho JK, Lee SH, Kang HS. Serum vitamin D, physical activity, and metabolic risk factors in Korean children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2013;45(1):102-108. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31826c6956   DOI
6 Lee A, Kim SH, Nam CM, Kim Y-J, Joo S-H, Lee K-R. Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency in Korean Children and Adolescents and Associated Factors. Laboratory Medicine Online. 2016;6(2):70-78.   DOI
7 Smith TJ, Lanham-New SA, Hart KH. Vitamin D in adolescents: Are current recommendations enough? Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2017 Feb 16. pii:S0960-0760(17)30045-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.02.010   DOI
8 Voortman T, van den Hooven EH, Heijboer AC, Hofman A, Jaddoe VW, Franco OH. Vitamin D deficiency in school-age children is associated with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. The Journal of Nutrition. 2015;145(4):791-798. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.208280   DOI
9 Specker BL. Evidence for an interaction between calcium intake and physical activity on changes in bone mineral density. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 1996;11(10):1539-1544.   DOI
10 Jones G, Dwyer T, Hynes KL, Parameswaran V, Greenaway TM. Vitamin D insufficiency in adolescent males in Southern Tasmania: Prevalence, determinants, and relationship to bone turnover markers. Osteoporosis International. 2005;16:636-641.   DOI
11 Moore C, Murphy MM, Keast DR, Holick MF. Vitamin D intake in the United States. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2004;104(6):980-983.   DOI
12 Hatun S, Islam O, Cizmecioglu F, Kara B, Babaoglu K, Berk F, et al. Subclinical vitamin D deficiency is increased in adolescent girls who wear concealing clothing. The Journal of Nutrition. 2005;135(2):218-222.   DOI
13 Yao Y, Zhu L, He L, Duan Y, Liang W, Nie Z, et al. A metaanalysis of the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and obesity. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. 2015;8(9):14977-14984.
14 Al-Othman A, Al-Musharaf S, Al-Daghri NM, Krishnaswamy S, Yusuf DS, Alkharfy KM, et al. Effect of physical activity and sun exposure on vitamin D status of Saudi children and adolescents. BMC Pediatrics. 2012;12(1):92.
15 Gilbert-Diamond D, Baylin A, Mora-Plazas M, Marin C, Arsenault JE, Hughes MD, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and anthropometric indicators of adiposity in school-age children: A prospective study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2010;92(6):1446-1451. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2010.29746   DOI
16 Wong KE, Kong J, Zhang W, Szeto FL, Ye H, Deb DK, et al. Targeted expression of human vitamin D receptor in adipocytes decreases energy expenditure and induces obesity in mice. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2011;286(39):33804-338010.   DOI
17 Wanner M, Richard A, Martin B, Linseisen J, Rohrmann S. Associations between objective and self-reported physical activity and vitamin D serum levels in the US population. Cancer Causes & Control. 2015;26(6):881-891 .   DOI
18 Touvier M, Deschasaux M, Montourcy M, Sutton A, Charnaux N, Kesse-Guyot E, et al. Determinants of vitamin D status in Caucasian adults: Influence of sun exposure, dietary intake, sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and genetic factors. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 2015;28:135(2):378-388.   DOI
19 Scott D, Blizzard L, Fell J, Ding C, Winzenberg T, Jones G. A prospective study of the associations between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, sarcopenia progression and physical activity in older adults. Clinical Endocrinology. 2010;73(5):581-587.   DOI
20 Kratz A, Sluss PM, Lewandrowski KB. Normal serum vitamin D levels. New England Journal of Medicine. 2005;352:515-516.
21 Holick MF. High prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and implications for health. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2006;81(3):353-373.   DOI
22 Malabanan A, Veronikis I, Holick M. Redefining vitamin D insufficiency. The Lancet. 1998;351(9105):805-806.
23 Vierucci F, Del Pistoia M, Fanos M, Erba P, Saggese G. Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and predictors of vitamin D status in Italian healthy adolescents. Italian Journal of Pediatrics. 2014;40(1):54.   DOI
24 Soininen S, Eloranta AM, Lindi V, Venalainen T, Zaproudina N, Mahonen A, et al. Determinants of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in Finnish children: The Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study. The British Journal of Nutrition. 2016;115(6):1080-1091. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515005292   DOI
25 Yoo HN. Related factors of vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents - Based on Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, (KNHANES). Seoul: Hanyang University; 2015.
26 Dong Y, Pollock N, Stallmann-Jorgensen IS, Gutin B, Lan L, Chen TC, et al. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in adolescents: Race, season, adiposity, physical activity, and fitness. Pediatrics. 2010;125(6):1104-1111. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2009-2055.   DOI
27 Nam G. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency is associated with cardiometabolic risk in Korean adolescents: The 2008 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Seoul: Korea University; 2012.
28 Gul A, Ozer S, Yilmaz R, Sonmezgoz E, Kasap T, Takci S, et al. Association between vitamin D levels and cardiovascular risk factors in obese children and adolescents. Nutricion Hospitalaria. 2017;34(2):323-329.   DOI
29 Absoud M, Cummins C, Lim MJ, Wassmer E, Shaw N. Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D insufficiency in children: A Great Britain population based study. PloS one. 2011;6(7):e22179.   DOI
30 Kumar J, Muntner P, Kaskel FJ, Hailpern SM, Melamed ML. Prevalence and associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in US children: NHANES 2001-2004. Pediatrics. 2009;124(3):e362-e370.   DOI