Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4489/KJM20190008

Effect of Light Wavelengths on the Mycelial Browning of Lentinula edodes Strain Sanjo 701ho  

Seo, Dong-Seok (Department of Forest Science, Chungbuk National University)
Koo, Chang-Duck (Department of Forest Science, Chungbuk National University)
Publication Information
The Korean Journal of Mycology / v.47, no.1, 2019 , pp. 63-73 More about this Journal
Abstract
Mycelial browning, which protects the organism from contamination and moisture loss, is essential for sawdust cultivation of Lentinula edodes. The effects of light and light wavelengths on the mycelial browning of the L. edodes Sanjo 701ho strain, and the characteristics of its brown hyphae, were investigated. After the mycelia were cultured on potato dextrose agar medium under fluorescent lamps covered with colored cellophane filters (red, green, and blue) or under light emitted diodes (LED), with wavelengths ranging from 400 to 700 nm (far-red, red, green, and blue), for 14 h per day for 40 days, the mycelial browning rate was measured. The wavelength of fluorescent lamps, which range from 300 to 1,100 nm, was reduced to 360 to 1,022 nm with the use of three colored cellophane filters and the photosynthetic photon flux density was reduced by 42 to 71 % depending on the light wavelength. The browning rate by colony area of mycelia exposed to light was at an average of 64 %, whereas, that of unexposed mycelia was only 5 %. The browning rate was 0.02 % in far-red, 1.5 % in red, 53.8 % in green, 57.3 % in blue, and 64.0 % in fluorescent light. The white mycelia were resilient with actively growing hyphae, filled with cytoplasm, and thin cell walls less than $1{\mu}m$ thick. Conversely, the brown mycelia possessed dead, hard hyphal structures without cytoplasm, but with approximately $2-4{\mu}m-thick$-thick cell walls. In conclusion, lights of varying wavelengths, especially short-wavelength LEDs, are effective for forming dead, brown mycelia of L. edodes, thus, forming a protective functional layer for its living white mycelia.
Keywords
Dead brown hyphae; Lentinula edodes; Light wavelength effect; Mycelial browning; Sanjo 701ho;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Park YA, Lee KT, Bak WC, Kim MK, Ka KH, Koo CD. Eritadenin contents analysis in various strains of Lentinula edodes using LC-MS/MS. Kor J Mycol 2011;39:239-42.   DOI
2 Forest Mushroom Research Center. Oak mushroom production technology. Yeoju: Forest Mushroom Research Center; 2015.
3 Korea Forest Service. Production of forest products. Daejeon: Korea Forest Service; 2018.
4 Tisch D, Schmoll M. Light regulation of metabolic pathways in fungi. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010;85:1259-77.   DOI
5 Ellis RJ, Bragdon GA, Schlosser BJ. Properties of the blue light requirements for primordia initiation and basidiocarp maturation in Coprinus stercorarius. Mycol Res 1999;103:779-84.   DOI
6 Lee J, Yoon KH, Shin WS. Effect of UV-B irradiation on the content of vitamin D2, color and flavor pattern in Lentinus edodes. Korean J Food Cook Sci 2003;19:121-6.
7 Park WC, Yoon GH, Kim SC, Hong GS. New cultivation technology for sustainable production of Lentinula edodes. Seoul: Korea Forest Research Institute; 2008.
8 Inatomi S, Namba K, Kodaira R, Okazaki M. Effects of light on the initiation and development of fruit-bodies in commercial cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr.) Kummer. Mushroom Sci Biotechol 2000;8:183-9.
9 Tang LH, Jian HH, Song CY, Bao DP, Shang XD, Wu DQ, Tan Q, Zhang XH. Transcriptome analysis of candidate genes and signaling pathways associated with light-induced brown film formation in Lentinula edodes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013;97:4977-89.   DOI
10 Park WC, Ko HK, Kim SC. Pyogo. In: Yoo YB, editor. Mushroom sciences crop details. Seoul: Kyohaksa; 2015. p. 199-238.
11 Leatham GF, Stahmann MA. Effect of light and aeration on fruiting of Lentinula edodes. Trans Br Mycol Soc 1987;88:9-20.   DOI
12 Hong DH, Kim SW. Experiments on selective transmittance and composition of light using cellophane filter. J Korean Soc Imaging Sci Technol 2011;17:1-6.
13 Forest Mushroom Research Center. Oak mushroom production technology. Yeoju: Forest Mushroom Research Center; 2009.
14 Wessels JG. Development of fruit bodies in Homobasidiomycetes. In: Wessels JG, Meinhardt F, editors. Growth, differenciation and sexuality. Berilin: Springer; 1994. p. 351-66.
15 www.forest.go.kr. Forest Press Release. 2010.2.23
16 Glukhova LB, Sokolyanskaya LO, Plotnikov EV, Gerasimchuk AL, Karnachuk OV, Solioz M, Karnachuk RA. Increased mycelial biomass production by Lentinula edodes intermittently illuminated by green light emitting diodes. Biotechnol Lett 2014;36:2283-9.   DOI
17 Koo CD, Lee SJ, Lee HY. Morphological characteristics of decomposition and browning of oak sawdust medium for ground bed cultivation of Lentinula edodes . Kor J Mycol 2013;41:85-90.   DOI
18 Tokimoto K, Kawai A. Nutritional aspects on fruit-body development in replacement cultures of Lentinula edodes (Berk) Sing. Rep Tottori Mycol Inst 1975;12:25-30.
19 Kim YH, Jhune CS, Park SC, You CH, Sung JM, Kong WS. The changes in intracellular enzyme during the mycelial browning of Lentinula edodes (Berkeley) Sing. J Mushroom 2009;7:110-4.
20 Sato T, Kanda K, Okawa K, Takahashi M, Watanabe H, Hirano T, Yaegashi K, Sakamoto Y. Uchimiya H. The tyrosinase-encoding gene of Lentinula edodes, Letyr, is abundantly expressed in the gills of the fruit-body during post-harvest preservation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2009;73:1042-7.   DOI
21 Koo CD, Lee HY, Lee HS, Park YW, Kim JS. Cultivation processes and yield of Lentinula edodes on surface sawdust bed. J Korean For Soc 2015;104:434-42.   DOI
22 Mayer AM, Harel E. Polyphenoloxidases and their significance in fruits and vegetables. In: Fox PF, editor. Food enzymology. New York: Elsevier Applied Science; 1991. p. 373-98.
23 Tang LH, Tan Q, Bao DP, Zhang XH, Jian HH, Li Y, Yang RH, Wang Y. Comparative proteomic analysis of light-induced mycelial brown film formation in Lentinula edodes. Biomed Res Int 2016;2016:5837293.   DOI
24 Kim YH, Jhune CS, Park SC, You CH, Sung JM, Kong WS. The effect of environmental condition to the mycelial browning of Lentinula edodes (Berkeley) Sing. during sawdust bag cultivation. J Mushroom Sci Prod 2009;7:115-21.
25 Mayer AM. Polyphenol oxidases in plant-recent progress. Phytochemistry 1986;26:11-20.   DOI
26 Vamos-Vigyazo L. Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidases in fruits and vegetables. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 1981;15:49-127.   DOI
27 Robinson DS. Peroxidases and their significance in fruits and vegetables. In: Fox PF, editor. Food enzymology. New York: Elsevier Applied Science; 1991. p. 399-426.
28 Savoie JM, Mata G, Billette C. Extracellular laccase production during hyphal interactions between Tricholoma sp. and shiitake, Lentinula edodes . Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1998;49:589-93.   DOI
29 Kim YH, Jhune CS, Park SC, You CH, Sung JM, Kong WS. Cultural characteristics on collected strains of Lentinula edodes and correlation with mycelial browning. J Mushroom Sci Prod 2011;9:145-54.
30 Devries OM, Kooistra WH, Wessels JG. Formation of an extracellular laccase by a Schizophyllum commune dikaryon. J Gen Microbiol 1986;132:2817-26.
31 Tokimoto K, Fukuda M. Changes in enzyme-activities in bedlogs of Lentinula edodes accompanying fruit body development. J Jpn Wood Res Soc 1997;43:444-9.
32 Zapata PA, Rojas DF, Ramirez DA, Fernandez C, Atehortua L. Effect of different lightemitting diodes on mycelial biomass production of Ling Zhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (W. Curt.: Fr.) P. Karst. (Aphyllophoromycetideae). Int J Med Mushrooms 2009;11:93-9.   DOI
33 Lee KD, Kang BS, Park YK. An action spectrum for light-induced mycelial growth and primordium formation in Pleurotus ostreatus. Korean J Life Sci 1996;6:193-7.
34 Kumagai T. Photocontrol of fungal development. Photochem Photobiol 1988;47:889-96.   DOI
35 Leatham GF, Kirk TK. Regulation of ligninolytic activity by nutrient nitrogen in white-rot Basidiomycetes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1983;16:65-7.   DOI