Design of Replacement Method on Anti-freeze Process of L Type Retaining Wells

In order to investigate anti-freeze process of precast concrete L-type retaining walls in cold regions, test walls were installed in the campus of Kitami Institute of Technology (KIT, Hokkaido, Japan). The wall consists of following three sections, i) back filled with frost susceptible clay soil, ii) using thermal insulation material, and back filled with frost susceptible soil, iii) back filled with frost-unsusceptible soil. The freezing front distribution and ground temperature within the backfill were observed and deflections of the walls were measured over three freeze-thaw seasons. Some understanding of the mechanisms of the build-up of frost heave pressure was gained, and the effectiveness of replacement method was observed. A simulation was performed to predict the shape of the freezing front in the backfill behind L-type walls with various cross sections. These findings were employed to propose a method for determining the appropriate zone to be replaced with frost unsusceptible backfill material in cold regions.

L형 옹벽의 동상대책에 있어서 치환공법의 설계

일본북해도에 위치하는 기타미국립공업대학 야외동상실험장에서 프리캐스트 콘크리트 L형 옹벽의 동상대책을 검토하였다. 설치된 실험옹벽은 다음의 3구간으로 구성되었다. i) 동상대책을 실시하지 않은 구간(동상을 일으키기 쉬운 흙으로 뒷채움함), ii) 단열공법을 실시한 구간(옹벽배면에 발포스티롤 단열재를 설치함), iii)치환공법대책을 실시한 구간(동상을 일으키기 어려운 화산재로 뒷채움함). 세 번의 지반동결-융해기 동안의 뒷채움 흙 속의 동결면분포, 지중온도, 옹벽벽체의 변위를 계측하여 동결토압의 발생메커니즘을 분석하였고, 단열공법과 치환공법의 유효성을 확인하였다. 그리고 수치해석을 이용하여 각종 단면형상의 L형 옹벽의 뒷채움 흙 속의 동결면형상을 추정하였고, 그 해석결과를 통하여 비동상성 뒤채움 재료로서 치환하는 적절한 치환범위의 결정방법을 제안하였다.