Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2011.10208

Oxalate Accumulation in Forage Plants: Some Agronomic, Climatic and Genetic Aspects  

Rahman, M.M. (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki)
Kawamura, O. (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki)
Publication Information
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences / v.24, no.3, 2011 , pp. 439-448 More about this Journal
Abstract
Oxalic acid is synthesized by a wide range of plants. A few of them are forage plants that can cause oxalate poisoning in ruminants under certain conditions. In this paper, the role of some agronomic, climatic and genetic factors in minimizing oxalate accumulation in forage plants has been discussed. Research indicates that the content of oxalate in forage can be controlled by fertilizer application. For example, nitrate application resulted in higher contents of soluble and insoluble oxalates than ammonium application. With an increased rate of potassium application, soluble oxalate content showed an increasing trend and insoluble oxalate content showed a decreasing trend. With an increased rate of calcium application, soluble oxalate content showed a decreasing trend and insoluble oxalate content showed a reverse trend. Other agronomic factors such as growing season, harvesting practices, plant maturity, plant species, plant variety and plant parts can also have a large effect on oxalate accumulation. However, the potential benefits of the above approaches for improving forage quality have not been fully exploited. In addition, there is still insufficient information to fully utilize means (e.g. plant nutrients, season and soil moisture) to minimize oxalate accumulation in forage plants. Therefore, more research is required for a better understanding of the interactions between oxalate and the above-mentioned factors in forage plants.
Keywords
Agronomic Practices; Fertilization; Forage; Oxalate Accumulation;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By Web Of Science : 1  (Related Records In Web of Science)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 2
연도 인용수 순위
1 James, L. F., M. C. Williams and A. T. Bleak. 1976. Toxicity of Bassia hyssopifolia to sheep. J. Range Manage. 29:284-285.   DOI
2 Ji, X. M. and X. X. Peng. 2005. Oxalate accumulation as regulated by nitrogen forms and its relationship to photosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J. Integr. Plant Biol. 47:831-838.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Jones, R. J. and C. W. Ford. 1972. Some factors affecting the oxalate content of the tropical grass Setaria sphacelata. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. Anim. Husband. 12:400-406.   DOI
4 Kipnis, T. and L. Dabush. 1988. Oxalate accumulation in napier grass and pearl millet×napier grass interspecific hybrids in relation to nitrogen nutrition, irrigation and temperature. J. Sci. Food Agric. 43:211-223.   DOI
5 Kozukue, E., N. Kozukue and T. Kurosaki. 1983. Organic acid, sugar and amino acid composition of bamboo shoots. J. Food Sci. 48:935-938.   DOI
6 Lal, B. M., R. P. Johari and R. K. Mehta. 1966. Some investigations on the oxalate status of Pusa giant napier grass and its parents. Curr. Sci. 35:125-126.
7 Libert, B. 1987. Genotypic and non-genetic variation of oxalate and malate content in rhubarb (Rheum spp. L.). J. Hort. Sci. 62:513-521.
8 Libert, B. and C. Creed. 1985. Oxalate content of seventy-eight rhubarb cultivars and its relation to some other characters. J. Hortic. Sci. 60:257-261.
9 Libert, B. and V. R. Franceschi. 1987. Oxalate in crop plants. J. Agric. Food Chem. 35:926-938.   DOI
10 Lincoln, S. D. and B. Black. 1980. Halogeton poisoning in range cattle. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 176:717-718.
11 Marais, J. P. 1990. Effect of nitrogen on the oxalate and calcium content of kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst). J. Grassl. Soc. Southern Africa 7:106-110.   DOI
12 Cronin, E. H. and M. C. Williams. 1966. Principles for managing ranges infested with halogeton. J. Range Manage. 19:226-227.   DOI
13 Davis, A. M. 1981. The oxalate, tannin, crude fiber, and crude protein composition of young plants of some Atriplex species. J. Range Manage. 34:329-331.   DOI
14 Dhillon, K. S., B. S. Paul, R. S. Bajwa and J. Singh. 1971. A preliminary report on a peculiar type of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum, 'Pusa giant') poisoning in buffalo calves. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 41:1034-1036.
15 Ellern, S. J., Y. B. Samish and D. Lachover. 1974. Salt and oxalic acid content of leaves of the saltbush Atriplex halimus in the northern Negev. J. Range Manage. 27:267-271.   DOI
16 Everist, S. L. 1974. Poisonous plants of Australia. Angus and Robertson Publishers, Sydney, Australia, p. 394-397.
17 Fox, T. R. and N. B. Comerford. 1992. Influence of oxalate loading on phosphorus and aluminum solubility in spodosols. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 56:290-294.   DOI
18 Jones, R. J., A. A. Seawright and D. A. Little. 1970. Oxalate poisoning in animals grazing the tropical grass Setaria sphacelata. J. Aust. Inst. Agric. Sci. 36:41-43.
19 Fujii, N., M. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe and N. Shimada. 1993. Rate of oxalate biosynthesis from glycolate and ascorbic acid in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 39:627-634.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Garcia-Rivera, J. and M. P. Morris. 1955. Oxalate content of tropical forage grasses. Science 122:1089-1090.   DOI
21 Giang, N. T. 2010. Effect of taro (Colocasia esculenta) foliage on the performance of growing common ducks. An M.Sc Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden.
22 Gul, B., D. J. Weber and M. A. Khan. 2000. Effect of salinity and planting density on physiological responses of Allenrolfea occidentalis. West. N. Am. Nat. 60:188-197.
23 Adebooye, O. C. and F. M. Oloyede. 2007. Effect of phosphorus on the fruit yield and food value of two landraces of Trichosanthes cucumerina L.- Cucurbitaceae. Food Chem. 100:1259-1264.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Ala, F., S. Ismail, R. Ahmad and R. Shaheen. 1995. Effects of salinity and waterlogging on physiological processes and ionic regulation in Atriplex amnicola. Pak. J. Bot. 27:283-295.
25 Alazzeh, A. Y. and M. M. Abu-Zanat. 2004. Impact of feeding saltbush (Atriplex sp.) on some mineral concentrations in the blood serum of lactating Awassi ewes. Small Rumin. Res. 54:81-88.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Allen, S., J. A. Raven and J. I. Sprent. 1988. The role of longdistance transport in intracellular pH regulation in Phaseolus vulgaris growth with ammonium or nitrate as nitrogen source, or nodulated. J. Exp. Bot. 39:513-528.   DOI
27 Allison, M. J., E. T. Littledike and L. F. James. 1977. Changes in ruminal oxalate degradation rates associated with adaptation of oxalate ingestion. J. Anim. Sci. 45:1173-1179.
28 Antai, S. P. and U. S. Obong. 1992. The effect of fermentation on the nutrient status and on some toxic components of Icacinia manni. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 42:219-224.   DOI
29 Blaney, B. J., R. J. W. Gartner and T. A. Head. 1982. The effects of oxalate in tropical grasses on calcium, phosphorus and magnesium availability to cattle. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) 99:533-539.   DOI
30 Cannon, J. P., E. B. Allen, M. F. Allen, L. M. Dudley and J. J. Jurinak. 1995. The effects of oxalates produced by Salsola tragus on the phosphorus nutrition of Stipa pulchra. Oecologia 102:265-272.   DOI
31 Cheeke, P. R. 1995. Endogenous toxins and mycotoxins in forage grasses and their effects on livestock. J. Anim. Sci. 73:909-918.
32 Cheeke, P. R. and L. R. Shull. 1985. Natural toxicants in feeds and poisonous plants. AVI Publishing Co., Westport, Conn., USA, p. 314-320.
33 Smith, F. W. 1972. Potassium nutrition, ionic relations, and oxalic acid accumulation in three cultivars of Setaria sphacelata. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 23:969-980.   DOI
34 Abu-Zanat, M. M. W., F. M. Al-Hassanat, M. Alawi and G. B. Ruyle. 2003. Oxalate and tannins assessment in Atriplex halimus L. and A. nummularia L. J. Range Manage. 56:370-374.   DOI
35 Williams, M. C., B. J. Smith and R. Lopez. 1991. Effect of nitrogen, sodium and potassium on nitrate and oxalate concentration in kikuyugrass. Weed Technol. 5: 553-556.
36 Xu, H. W., X. M. Ji, Z. H. He, W. P. Shi, G. H. Zhu, J. K. Niu, B. S. Li and X. X. Peng. 2006. Oxalate accumulation and regulation is independent of glycolate oxidase in rice leaves. J. Exp. Bot. 57:1899-1908.   DOI   ScienceOn
37 Zhang, Y. P., X. Y. Lin, Y. S. Zhang, S. J. Zheng and S. T. Du. 2005. Effects of nitrogen levels and nitrate/ammonium ratios on oxalate concentrations of different forms in edible parts of spinach. J. Plant Nutr. 28:2011-2025.   DOI   ScienceOn
38 Zindler-Frank, E., R. Honow and A. Hesse. 2001. Calcium and oxalate content of the leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris at different calcium supply in relation to calcium oxalate crystal formation. J. Plant Physiol. 158:139-144.   DOI   ScienceOn
39 Singh, A. 2002. A note on seasonal variations in oxalate content of napier bajra hybrid. Indian J. Anim. Nutr. 19:282-284.
40 Singh, P. P. 1974. Influence of light intensity, fertilizers and salinity on oxalate and mineral concentration of two vegetables (Chenopodium album L. and Chenopodium amaranthicolor L.). Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 24:115-125.   DOI
41 Smith, F. W. 1978. The effect of potassium and nitrogen on ionic relations and organic acid accumulation in Panicum maximum var. trichoglume. Plant Soil 49:367-379.   DOI
42 Srivastava, S. K. and P. S. Krishnan. 1962. An oxalic acid oxidase in the leaves of Bougainvillea spectabilis. Biochem. J. 85:33-38.
43 Sunaga, Y., H. Harada and T. Hatanaka. 2005. Varietal differences in nitrate nitrogen concentration of Sudangrass (Sorghum sudanese (piper) stapf). Grassl. Sci. 51:169-177.   DOI   ScienceOn
44 Torell, R., J. A. Young and B. Kvasnicka. 2005. Halogeton poisoning. Cooperative Extension. University of Nevada. Fact sheet-00-20. (http://www.unce.unr.edu/publications/files/nr/2000/FS0020.pdf)
45 Undersander, D. J., B. R. Durgan, A. R. Kaminski, J. D. Doll, G. L. Worf and E. E. Schulte. 1990. Kochia. Alternative Field Crops Manual. University of Wisconsin Cooperative Extension Service, Department of Agronomy, Madison, WI 53706. http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/kochia.html
46 Ward, G., L. H. Harbers and J. J. Blaha. 1979. Calcium-containing crystals in alfalfa: their fate in cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 62:715-722.   DOI
47 Williams, M. C. 1960. Effect of sodium and potassium salts on growth and oxalate content of halogeton. Plant Physiol. 35:500-505.   DOI   ScienceOn
48 Rahman, M. M., Y. Ishii, M. Niimi and O. Kawamura. 2010a. Interactive effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on oxalate content in napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum). Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 23:719-723.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
49 Raven, J. A. and F. A. Smith. 1976. Nitrogen assimilation and transport in vascular land plants in relation to intracellular pH regulation. New Phytol. 76:415-431.   DOI   ScienceOn
50 Rahman, M. M., Y. Ishii, M. Niimi and O. Kawamura. 2010b. Effect of application form of nitrogen on oxalate accumulation and mineral uptake by napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum). Grassl. Sci. 56:141-144.   DOI   ScienceOn
51 Roughan, P. G. and I. J. Warrington. 1976. Effect of nitrogen source on oxalate accumulation in Setaria sphacelata (cv. Kazungula). J. Sci. Food Agric. 27:281-286.   DOI
52 Sangketkit, C., G. P. Savage, R. J. Martin, S. L. Mason and L. Vanhanen. 1999. Oxalates in Oca: a negative feature? Proceedings of the 2nd South West Pacific Nutrition and Dietetic Conference, Auckland, p.44-50.
53 Savage, G. P., L. Vanhanen, S. M. Mason and A. B. Ross. 2000. Effect of cooking on the soluble and insoluble oxalate content of some New Zealand foods. J. Food Compost. Anal. 13:201-206.   DOI   ScienceOn
54 Schubert, S. and F. Yan. 1997. Nitrate and ammonium nutrition of plants: Effects on acid/base balance and adaptation of root cell plasmalemma H+ ATPase. Z. Pflanzenernaehr. Bodenk. 160:275-281.   DOI
55 Seawright, A. A., S. Groenendyk and K. I. Silva. 1970. An outbreak of oxalate poisoning in cattle grazing Setaria sphacelata. Aust. Vet. J. 46:293-296.   DOI   ScienceOn
56 Silcock, R. G. and F. T. Smith. 1983. Soluble oxalates in summer pastures on a mulga soil. Trop. Grassl. 17:179-181.
57 Playne, M. J. 1976. Availability of phosphorus in feed stuffs for utilization by ruminants. In: Reviews in Rural Sciences 3 (Ed. G. J. Blair), Prospects for improving efficiency of phosphorus utilization, University of New England Publishing Unit, Armidale, p. 115-164.
58 Rahman, M. M., Y. Ishii, M. Niimi and O. Kawamura. 2008b. Effects of levels of nitrogen fertilizer on oxalate and some mineral contents in napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach). Grassl. Sci. 54:146-150.   DOI   ScienceOn
59 Rahman, M. M., M. Niimi, Y. Ishii and O. Kawamura. 2006. Effects of seasons, variety and botanical fractions on oxalate content of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach). Grassl. Sci. 52:161-166.   DOI   ScienceOn
60 Rahman, M. M., M. Yamamoto, M. Niimi and O. Kawamura. 2008a. Effect of nitrogen fertilization on oxalate content in Rhodesgrass, Guineagrass and Sudangrass. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 21:214-219.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
61 Rahman, M. M., Y. Ishii, M. Niimi and O. Kawamura. 2008c. Effect of salinity stress on dry matter yield and oxalate content in napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach). Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 21:1599-1603.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
62 Rahman, M. M. 2009. Studies on oxalic acid in tropical forage with special reference to the effect of fertilizer application. PhD Thesis, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Japan.
63 Rahman, M. M., Y. Ishii, M. Niimi and O. Kawamura. 2009a. Change of oxalate form in pot-grown napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) by application of calcium hydroxide. Grassl. Sci. 55:18-22.   DOI
64 Rahman, M. M., Y. Ishii, M. Niimi and O. Kawamura. 2009b. Effect of clipping interval and nitrogen fertilization on oxalate content in pot-grown napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum). Trop. Grassl. 43:73-78.
65 Marais, J. P. 1997. Nitrate and oxalates. In: Handbook of plant and fungal toxicants (Ed. J. P. F. D'Mello). CRC Press, New York, p. 205-218.
66 McKenzie, R. A., R. J. W. Gartner, B. J. Blaney and R. J. Glanville. 1981. Control of nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism in grazing horses with calcium plus phosphorus supplementation. Aust. Vet. J. 57:554-557.   DOI   ScienceOn
67 Marais, J. P., A. D. Barnabas and D. L. Figenschou. 1997. Effect of calcium nutrition on the formation of calcium oxalate in kikuyugrass. In: Proceedings of the XVIII International Grassland Congress, Canada. p. 45.
68 Masters, D. G., H. C. Norman and R. A. Dynes. 2001. Opportunities and limitations for animal production from saline land. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 14 (special issue):199-211.
69 Masters, D. G., H. C. Norman and E. G. Barrett-Lennard. 2005. Agricultural systems for saline soil: The potential role of livestock. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 18:296-300.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
70 Nakata, P. A. 2003. Advances in our understanding of calcium oxalate crystal formation and function in plants. Plant Sci. 164:901-909.   DOI   ScienceOn
71 Noonan, S. C. and G. P. Savage. 1999. Oxalate content of foods and its effect on humans. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 8:64-74.   DOI
72 Ologhobo, A. D. 1989. Improving the nutritive value of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) through processing: Biochemical and protein quality studies. Trop. Agric. (Trinidad) 66:290-296.
73 Panciera, R. J., T. Martin, G. E. Burrows, D. S. Taylor and L. E. Rice. 1990. Acute oxalate poisoning attributable to ingestion of curly dock (Rumex crispus) in sheep. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 196:1981-1984.
74 Peet, R. L., J. Dickson and M. Hare. 1990. Kikuyu poisoning in goats and sheep. Aust. Vet. J. 67:229-230.   DOI   ScienceOn