Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2002.1215

Biochemical, Haematological and Thyroid Hormone Profile in Healthy Indian Kathiawari Horses  

Gupta, A.K. (National Research Centre on Equines)
Kumar, Sanjay (National Research Centre on Equines)
Pal, Yash (National Research Centre on Equines)
Publication Information
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences / v.15, no.8, 2002 , pp. 1215-1221 More about this Journal
Abstract
Normal haematological and biochemical indices along with thyroid hormone status were studied in healthy Kathiawari horses of different age groups (yearling, young stock, adults and old stock) belonging to either sex. Effect of both age and sex was observed on thyroid hormone levels, haematological and biochemical indices. In females, hemoglobin levels was significantly lower in yearlings than adult animals while total leukocyte counts were higher in yearlings than equids of other age groups. Sex had effect only on total erythrocyte counts, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular hemoglobin in horses of 1-3 years age group (young stock) and on packed cell volume in adult female and male equids. Among biochemical indices, activities of enzymes were observed to be influenced both by age and sex. Creatine kinase, gamma glutamyl transferase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase activities were significantly higher in young and adult equids than animals of other age groups in Kathiawari horses while activity of alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher in yearlings than equids belonging to other age groups in both male and females. However, activity of sorbitol dehydrogenase was unaltered due to both sex and age factor. Albumin, bilirubin direct, bilirubin total, cholesterol, creatinine, protein, triglyceride and uric acid were statistically different in various age and sex groups of horses. Calcium, magnesium and chloride contents were almost same in various age groups of male horses. Significantly higher levels of $T_3$ and $T_4$ were observed in both male and female yearlings as compared to equids of other age groups in both the sexes.
Keywords
Kathiawari; Breed; Horses; Biochemical; Haematology; $T_3$; $T_4$; Indices;
Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By Web Of Science : 2  (Related Records In Web of Science)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 2
연도 인용수 순위
1 Tandon, S. N. 2001. Equine genetic resources and their conservation in India. In : 'Compendium on Equine Health Management and Production' National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, pp. 223-229.
2 Allen, B. V. and R. K. Archer. 1973. Studies with normal erythrocytes of the English Thoroughbred horses. Equine Vet. J. 5:135-136.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Dinev, D. and H. D. Houbenov. 1986. Normal values of some hematologic, biochemical and enzymological indices in donkeys. Vet. Sci. XXIII(10):69-75.
4 Gerber, H. 1969. Some enzyme determination in equine medicine. Equine Vet. J. 1:129-139.   DOI
5 Gupta, A. K. and J. P. Varshney. 1993. Biochemical profiles of Thoroughbreds at different studs. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 63(9):1003-1004.
6 Gupta, A. K., J. P. Varshney and P. K. Uppal. 1994a. A study on biochemical indices of healthy Thoroughbred females. Int. J. Anim. Sci. 9:45-46.
7 Gupta, A. K., J. P. Varshney, J. C. Ghei and P. K. Uppal. 1993a. Comparative studies on biochemical indices in Thoroughbred horses of different age groups. Int. J. Anim. Sci. 8:263-265.
8 Harvey, J. W., R. L. Asquith, P. K. McNulty, J. Kivipelto and J. E. Bauer. 1984a. Haematology of foals up to one year old. Equine Vet. J. 16:347-353.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Harvey, B., M. B. Hambright and L. D. Rowe. 1984b. Clinical, biochemical and haematologic values of American Miniature horse. : Reference values. Med. J. Vet. Res. 45:987-990.
10 Jain, N. 1986. Schalm's Veterinary Haematology. 4th Ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia.
11 Kieferndorf, U. and H. Keller. 1990. Standard values of the white blood count with regards to breed, sex, age and season. Pferdeilkunde 6:73-78.
12 Sommer, H. and J. Styrie. 1990a. Determination of reference values for biochemical parameters of horses. 1. Plasma enzymes. Tieraztl. Umschau 45:331-337.
13 Syozi, I., S. Yamaoka, H. Watanabe and T. Dkameya. 1975. Some serum enzymes activity of horses. Exp. Rep. Equine Hlth. Lab. 12:22-29.
14 Saror, D. J. 1976. Haematological values in Nigeria Part-Arab stallions. Vet. Rec. 13:397-398.   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
15 Lumsden, J. H., R. Rowe and K. Mullen. 1980. Haematology and biochemistry reference values for the light horse. Canad. J. Comp. Med., 44:32-42.
16 Madan, A. K., Y. Singh and J. Kumar. 2001. Studies of the haematological profile of Kathiawari horse. Centure XVII:66-68.
17 Snow, D. H. and P. Harris. 1985. Enzymes as markers for the evaluation of physical fitness and training of racing horses. Adv. Clin. Enzymol. 6:251-258.
18 Sharma, M. C., D. Swarup, S. K. Dwivedi and S. B. Lal. 1981. Normal blood values of Indian mules. Indian Vet. J. 58(11):874- 876.
19 Varshney, J. P., B. K. Singh, A. K. Gupta and P. K. Uppal. 1993. Investigation in Kathiawari Horses suffering from Upper Respiratory Tract Infection. Indian Vet. J. 70:710-712.
20 Archer, R. K. 1959. The normal haemograms and coagulograms of the English Thoroughbred horses. J. Comp. Path. 69:390-399.   DOI   PUBMED
21 Gupta, A. K., J. P. Varshney, J. C. Ghei and P. K. Uppal. 1992. Some haemato-biochemical studies in Indian donkeys (Equus asinus). Indian Vet. J. 69:21-24.
22 Kollakowski, T. and H. Keller. 1990. Standard values of the red blood count with regards to breed, sex, age and season. Pferdeilkunde 6:65-71.
23 Mason, D. K. and H. W. Kwok. 1977. Some haematological and biochemical parameters in race horses in Hong Kong. Equine Vet. J. 9:96-99.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Coffman, J. R. 1981. Enzymes. In: Equine Clinical Chemistry and Pathophysiology. (ed) Chapter 8. Veterinary Medicine Publishing Co., Bonner Springs, Kansas, pp. 88-109.
25 Snow, D. H. 1985. Biochemical basis of fatigue in racing animals and compounds that may influence performance by reflecting muscle metabolism. In ' Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Racing Analysis and Veterinarians. Hong Kong, pp. 15-24.
26 Al-Izzi, S. A., K. A. Al-Salehi and M. S. Jermukly. 1989. Some haematological and biochemical parameters of normal Arabian race horses. Indian J. Vet. Med. 9(1):8-11.
27 Singh, Y., A. K. Madan, J. Kumar and M. P. Agrarwal. 2001. Studies on the haematological and biochemical profile of Kathiawari yearlings. Centure XVIII(1):17-20.
28 Gupta, A. K., J. P. Varshney and P. K. Uppal. 1993b. Effect of vaccinations on biochemical profile in donkeys. Int. J. Anim. Sci. 8:271-273.
29 Blackmore, D. J. and D. Elton. 1975. Enzyme acitivity in the serum of Thoroughbreds in the United Kingdom. Equine Vet. J. 7:34-39.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Sommer, H. and J. Styrie. 1990b. Determination of reference values for biochemical parameters of horses. 2. Metabolites. Tieraztl. Umschau 45:860-866.
31 Blackmore, D. J. and D. Brobst 1981. A booklet on Biochemical Values in Equine Medicine. The Animal Health Trust, U. K., pp. 1-108.
32 Gupta, A. K., J. P. Varshney and P. K. Uppal. 1994b. Comparative studies on biochemical indices in different breeds of equines. Indian Vet. J. 71:26-30.
33 Ju, J. C., S. P. Cheng,, Y. K. Fan, J. C. Hsu, S. K. Chiang, E. V. Chen, S. H. Chang and S. C. Chiou. 1993. Investigation of equine haematological constituents in Central Taiwan. I. Distribution of the blood cell parameters and the biochemical composition of serum. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 6:147-153.   DOI
34 Gupta, A. K., Y. Pal, Mamta and M. P. Yadav. 1999. Effect of feed deprivation on biochemical indices in equids. J. Equine Sci. 10(2):33-38.   DOI
35 Schalm, O. W., N. C. Jain and E. J. Caroll. 1975. Veterinary Haematology. (3rd Edn.) Lea and Febiger Philadelphia.
36 Gupta, A. K. and J. P. Varshney. 1998. Studies on carbon tetrachloride induced acute hepatopathy in donkeys. Inter. J. Anim. Sci. 13:177-180.
37 Srivastava, A. K. and P. P. Singh. 1991. Normal levels of various blood enzymes in healthy horses. J. Remount Vet. Corps. XXX:209-212.