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http://dx.doi.org/10.5187/jast.2021.e20

Alteration of the gut microbiota in post-weaned calves following recovery from bovine coronavirus-mediated diarrhea  

Kwon, Min-Sung (Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi)
Jo, Hee Eun (Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi)
Lee, Jieun (Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi)
Choi, Kyoung-Seong (College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University)
Yu, Dohyeon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University)
Oh, Yeon-su (College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University)
Park, Jinho (College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University)
Choi, Hak-Jong (Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi)
Publication Information
Journal of Animal Science and Technology / v.63, no.1, 2021 , pp. 125-136 More about this Journal
Abstract
Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is associated with severe diarrhea, dehydration, and depression, which result in significant economic damages in the dairy and beef cattle industries worldwide. However, differences in the gut microbiota structure and their correlations with differing physiological parameters between BCoV-infected calves with diarrhea and recovered calves are not well understood. In this study, fecal specimens were collected from 10 post-weaned calves, before and after 2 months of fluid therapy, and the samples were used for microbiota analysis. Following recovery, the alpha-diversity profiles (observed operational taxonomic units [OTUs], and Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson indices) changed significantly when compared with those of calves with diarrhea. Beta-diversity analysis exhibited significant differences in gut microbiota compositions between calves with diarrhea and those in the recovered state. The abundances of eight phyla and thirteen genera in feces changed markedly after restoration of BCoV diarrhea. In addition, our correlation study clearly revealed that increased abundances of the genera Caproiciproducens, Pseudoflavonifractor, and Oscillibacter negatively correlated with serum glucose, and phosphorus levels, but positively correlated with serum chloride in calves with diarrhea, whereas increased abundances of the genera Peptostreptococcaceae;Clostridium (Clostridium cluster XI), Intestinibacter, Cellulosilyticum, Ruminococcus, Romboutsia, Paeniclostridium, Clostridiaceae;Clostridium and Turicibacter in recovered calves showed the opposite pattern. These results suggest that structural changes of the gut microbiota after recovery from BCoV infection correlate with changes in physiological parameters. In conclusion, our data provide evidence of gut microbiota-composition changes and their correlations with the physical profiles of post-weaned calves, before and after fluid therapy for BCoV-related diarrhea.
Keywords
Bovine coronavirus; Gut microbiota; Physiological parameters; Post-weaned calf;
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