Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2017.15.11.107

An Experimental Study on the Prospect Theory  

Guahk, Seyoung (Dept. of Business Administration College of Economics and Business Administration Cheongju University)
Publication Information
Journal of Digital Convergence / v.15, no.11, 2017 , pp. 107-112 More about this Journal
Abstract
This paper performed an experimental study to test the validity of the prospect theory proposed by Tversky and Kahneman as an alternative to the expected utility theory. 115 college students attended the hypothetical games to choose one of two lotteries, one is safe option while the other one is risky. The risky options were set up to have low, medium or high probability of payoffs or losses. The amount of payoffs and losses of the lotteries was either large or small. Maximum likelihood estimation of the hypothetical games have shown that in case of high probability of positive payoffs the respondents were risk averse and when the probability of positive payoffs were small the respondents were risk loving. when the possibility of loss is high they were risk loving, while the probability is of loss is low the respondents were found to be risk averse. When the probability of risky options were medium the results were significant statistically in case of only losses. The amount of positive payoff or losses does not affect the results. Overall the results of this experiments support the prospect theory more than those of Laury & Holts (2008).
Keywords
Prospect theory; Behavioral finance; Risk aversion; Experimental study; Expected utility theory; Maximum likelihood estimation;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 F. Gul, "A Theory of Disappointment in Decision Making under Uncertainty", Econometrica Vol. 59, pp. 667-686, 1991.   DOI
2 C. Heath and A. Tversky, "Preference and Belief: Ambiguity and Competence in Choice under Uncertainty", Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Vol. 4, pp. 5-28, 1991.   DOI
3 T. Odean, "Are Investors Reluctant to Realize Their Losses?", Journal of Finance, Vol. 53, pp. 1775-1798, 1998.   DOI
4 N. Barberis, M. Huang and T. Santos, "Prospect Theory and Asset Prices", Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 116, Issue 1, pp. 1-53, 2001.   DOI
5 Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, "Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Desicion under Risk," Econometrica, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 263-291, 1979.   DOI
6 Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman, "Advances in Prospect Theory: Cumulative Representation of Uncertainty," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 297-323, 1992.   DOI
7 Woon Youl Choi, Kun Kyong Lee, Seong Hoon Jeong, "An Empirical Study of the Disposition Effect in the Behavioral Finance," Korean Journal of Financial Studies, Vol. 33, Issue 2, pp. 83-105, 2004.
8 Seung Jo Han, "An Effect of Personality Type on Cognitive, Behavioral Investment Disposition," The Journal of Digital Policy & Management, Vol. 14, Issue 7, pp. 127-133, 2016.
9 Seyoung Gauhk and Hanjong We, "The Prospect Theory and Capital Market Studies," Industrial Management Review, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 143-160, 2005.
10 Colin Camerer, "Prospect Theory in the Wild: Evidence from the Field", California Institute of Technology Social Science Working Paper, 1998.
11 Shlomo Benartzi and R. Thaler, "Myopic Loss Aversion and the Equity Premium Puzzle", Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 110, Issue 1, pp. 73-92, 1995.   DOI
12 Dale Griffin and A. Tversky, "The Weighing of Evidence and the Determinants of Overconfidence", Cognitive Psychology, Vol. 24, Issue 3, pp. 411-435, 1992.   DOI
13 Susan K. Laury and Charles A. Holt, "Further Reflections on the Reflection Effect," Research in Experimental Economics, pp. 405-440, 2008.
14 Adrian Bruhin, Helga Fehr-Duda and Thomas Epper, "Risk and Rationality; Uncovering Heterogeneity in Probability Distortion," Econometrica, Vol. 78, No. 4, pp. 1375-1412, 2010.   DOI
15 Glenn Harrison and E. Rutstrom, "Risk Aversion in the Laboratory," Research in Experimental Economics, pp. 41-196, 2008.