Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2008.51.2.156

Outcome of typhlitis in children with cancer  

Lee, Jae Min (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University)
Choi, Kwang Hae (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University)
Hah, Jeong Ok (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics / v.51, no.2, 2008 , pp. 156-161 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose : Neutropenic enterocolitis is an acute, life-threatening inflammation of the small and large bowel, often seen in children with malignancies during periods of prolonged or severe neutropenia. The optimal management for typhlitis in pediatric oncology patients has been debateful between operative and nonoperative approaches. The purpose of this study was to review the outcome of medical management of patients who were diagnosed as typhlitis. Methods : The records of 207 pediatric cancer patients who were diagnosed and treated at the pediatric department of Yeungnam University Hospital for cancer between August, 2002 and July, 2007 were reviewed. Results : Among 207 patients, 12 (5.7%) children aged 9 to 14 years, were diagnosed clinically to have typhlitis. Clinical symptoms and signs of patients were fever, abdominal pain and tenderness, diarrhea, vomiting and rebound tenderness. Bowel-wall thickening (> 4mm) was seen on CT or ultrasonography. All patients were treated with antibiotics combinations of teicoplanin, carbapenem, aminoglycoside, or other third generation cephalosporin and metronidazole or clindamycin. Eight patients were treated with additional antifungal agents. Other supportive management included bowel rest, total parenteral nutrition, and G-CSF administration. All patients recovered completely and did not need any surgical management. Conclusion : Early diagnosis and aggressive supportive treatment appears to be important for complete recovery and survival of typhlitis.
Keywords
Typhlitis; Enterocolitis; Neutropenia;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Rifkin GD. Neutropenic enterocolitis and clostridium septicum infection in patients with agranulocytosis. Arch Intern Med 1980;140:834-5   DOI
2 Pouwels MJ, Donnelly JP, Raemaekers JM, Verweij PE, de Pauw BE. Clostridium septicum sepsis and neutropenic enterocolitis in a patient treated with intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 1997;74:143-7   DOI
3 Gorschluter M, Mey U, Strehl J, Schmitz V, Rabe C, Pauls K, et al. Invasive fungal infections in neutropenic enterocolitis: a systematic analysis of pathogens, incidence, treatment and mortality in adult patients. BMC Infect Dis[100968551] 2006;6:35. Available from:URL://http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/6/35   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Otaibi AA, Barker C, Anderson R, Sigalet DL. Neutropenic enterocolitis (typhlitis) after pediatric bone marrow transplant. J Pediatr Surg 2002;37:770-2   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Gorschluter M, Mey U, Strehl J, Ziske C, Schepke M, Schmidt-Wolf IG, et al. Neutropenic enterocolitis in adults: systematic analysis of evidence quality. Eur J Haematol 2005;75:1-13   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Moir DH, Bale PM. Necropsy findings in childhood leukaemia, emphasizing neutropenic enterocolitis and cerebral calcification. Pathology 1976;8:247-58   DOI
7 Davila ML. Neutropenic enterocolitis: current issues in diagnosis and management. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2007;9:116-20   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Wagner ML, Rosenberg HS, Fernbach DJ, Singleton EB. Typhlitis: a complication of leukemia in childhood. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1970;109:341-50   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Hughes WT, Armstrong D, Bodey GP, Bow EJ, Brown AE, Calandra T, et al. 2002 guidelines for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer. Clin Infect Dis 2002;34:730-51   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Kim PW, Ji HG, Jeong HS, Moon CI, Yang DK, Lee SW, et al. Four cases of typhlitis, developed in neutropenic state and treated with medical conservative management. J Korean Cancer Assoc 1997;29:906-13
11 Park SM, Ha IS, Lee HJ, Seo JK, Ahn HS, Yeon KM. Three cases of typhlitis during treatment for acute myelocytic leukemia in children. J Korean Pediatr Soc 1989;32:1445-62
12 Solomkin JS, Mazuski JE, Baron EJ, Sawyer RG, Nathens AB, DiPiro JT, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Guidelines for the selection of anti-infective agents for complicated intra-abdominal infections. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:997-1005   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Schlatter M, Snyder K, Freyer D. Successful nonoperative management of typhlitis in pediatric oncology patients. J Pediatr Surg 2002;37:1151-5   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Shamberger RC, Weinstein HJ, Delorey MJ, Levey RH. The medical and surgical management of typhlitis in children with acute nonlymphocytic (myelogenous) leukemia. Cancer 1986;57:603-9   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Davila ML. Neutropenic enterocolitis. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2006;22:44-7
16 Kang WK, Kim SD, Kim HJ, Cho HM, Park SC, Jeon HM, et al. Right lower quadrant pain in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. J Korean Surg Soc 2004;66:420-3
17 Katz JA, Wagner ML, Gresik MV, Mahonev DH Jr, Fernbach DJ. Typhlitis. An 18-year experience and postmortem review. Cancer 1990;65:1041-7   DOI   ScienceOn
18 NCCN practice guidelines for fever and neutropenia. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Oncology (Williston Park) 1999;13:197-257
19 McCarville MB, Adelman CS, Li C, Xiong X, Furman WL, Razzouk BI, et al. Typhlitis in childhood cancer. Cancer 2005;104:380-7   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Sloas MM, Flynn PM, Kaste SC, Patrick CC. Typhlitis in children with cancer: a 30-year experience. Clin Infect Dis 1993;17:484-90   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Barie PS, Vogel SB, Dellinger EP, Rotstein OD, Solomkin JS, Yang JY, et al. A randomized, double-blind clinical trial comparing cefepime plus metronidazole with imipenem-cilastatin in the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections. Cefepime Intra-abdominal Infection Study Group. Arch Surg 1997;132:1294-302   DOI
22 Seo SG, Park GS, Kim HS, Kang CM. Three cases of typhlitis in children with aplastic anemia and acute leukemia. Korean J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1995;2:135-40