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Comparison between Cournot-Nash and Stackelberg Game in Bi-level Program  

Lim, Yong-Taek (여수대학교 교통물류시스템공학부)
Lim, Kang-Won (서울대학교 환경대학원)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Transportation / v.22, no.7, 2004 , pp. 99-106 More about this Journal
Abstract
This paper presents some comparisons between Cournot-Nash and Stackelberg game in bi-level program, composed of both upper level program and lower level one. The upper level can be formulated to optimize a specific objective function, while the lower formulated to express travelers' behavior patterns corresponding to the design parameter of upper level problem. This kind of hi-level program is to determine a design parameter, which leads the road network to an optimal state. Bi-level program includes traffic signal control, traffic information provision, congestion charge and new transportation mode introduction as well as road expansion. From the view point of game theory, many existing algorithms for bi-level program such as IOA (Iterative Optimization Assignment) or IEA (Iterative Estimation Assignment) belong to Cournot-Nash game. But sensitivity-based algorithms belongs to Stackelberg one because they consider the reaction of the lower level program. These two game models would be compared by using an example network and show some results that there is no superiority between the models in deterministic case, but in stochastic case Stackelberg approach is better than that of Cournot-Nash one as we expect.
Keywords
Bi-level program;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
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