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http://dx.doi.org/10.4047/jap.2021.13.4.226

Impact of ZrO2 nanoparticles addition on flexural properties of denture base resin with different thickness  

Albasarah, Sara (College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University)
Al Abdulghani, Hanan (College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University)
Alaseef, Nawarah (College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University)
al-Qarni, Faisal D. (Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University)
Akhtar, Sultan (Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University)
Khan, Soban Q. (Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University)
Ateeq, Ijlal Shahrukh (Biomedical Engineering department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University)
Gad, Mohammed M. (Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University)
Publication Information
The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics / v.13, no.4, 2021 , pp. 226-236 More about this Journal
Abstract
PURPOSE. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating zirconium oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZrO2) in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture base resin on flexural properties at different material thicknesses. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Heat polymerized acrylic resin specimens (N = 120) were fabricated and divided into 4 groups according to denture base thickness (2.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.0 mm). Each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups (n = 10) according to nano-ZrO2 concentration (0%, 2.5%, and 5%). Flexural strength and elastic modulus were evaluated using a three-point bending test. One-way ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc, and two-way ANOVA were used for data analysis (α = .05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for fracture surface analysis and nanoparticles distributions. RESULTS. Groups with 0% nano-ZrO2 showed no significant difference in the flexural strength as thickness decreased (P = .153). The addition of nano-zirconia significantly increased the flexural strength (P < .001). The highest value was with 5% nano-ZrO2 and 2 mm-thickness (125.4 ± 18.3 MPa), followed by 5% nano-ZrO2 and 1.5 mm-thickness (110.3 ± 8.5 MPa). Moreover, the effect of various concentration levels on elastic modulus was statistically significant for 2 mm thickness (P = .001), but the combined effect of thickness and concentration on elastic modulus was insignificant (P = .10). CONCLUSION. Reinforcement of denture base material with nano-ZrO2 significantly increased flexural strength and modulus of elasticity. Reducing material thickness did not decrease flexural strength when nano-ZrO2 was incorporated. In clinical practice, when low thickness of denture base material is indicated, PMMA/nano-ZrO2 could be used with minimum acceptable thickness of 1.5 mm.
Keywords
Nano-fillers; PMMA denture base; Reinforcement; Flexural strength; Denture base thickness;
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