도토리와 밤전분의 이화학적 특성에 관한 비교 결과는 아래와 같다. 1) 전분입자의 표면구조는 도토리와 밤전분이 모두 모서리가 둥근 삼각형이나 타원형 모양이었으며 밤전분이 다소 더 각진 형태였다. 2) 물결합능력은 도토리가 191%, 밤이 200%로 밤전분이 약간 높았다. 3) gel 부피는 도토리보다 밤전분이 먼저 $55^{\circ}C$부터 늘기 시작하여 계속 높은 값을 보였고 amylose용출양은 $90^{\circ}C$이전에서는 밤전분이, 이 이후에는 도토리전분이 더 많은 양을 나타내었고 청가와 amylose함량은 도토리가 0.464, 24.8%, 밤이 0.440, 22.5%로 도토리가 약간 높았다. 4) amylogram양상은 도토리는 최고점도에 도달한 후 약간 정체를 보이다가 다시 계속 증가하였고, 밤은 급격히 최고점도에 도달한 다음 빠른 속도로 점도가 감소한 후 아주 서서히 증가하였다. 5) DSC thermogram에 의한 peak temp.와 호화 enthalpy는 도토리가 $67.0^{\circ}C$, 3.64 cal/g, 밤이 $66.0^{\circ}C$, 2.82 cal/g으로 도토리가 결정성이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 6) X-선 회절도는 두 전분 모두 A형에 가까운 것으로 나타났으나 밤전분은 약간 B형의 경향도 보였다.

Peanut prptein isolate was tested for the purpose of finding out the effect of pH, Sodium Chloride concentration and heat treatment on the solubility, surface hydrophobicity, foam expansion and foam stability. The solubility of peanut protein isolate was affected by pH and showed the lowest value at pH 4.5. When the peanut protein isolate was heated, the solubility decreased at pH 3 and pH 7 but at pH 9 solubility increased. At all pH range, solubility decreased as NaCl was added. The surface hydrophobicity of peanut protein isolate showed the highest value at pH 1.5. Generally, at acidic pH range the surface hydrophobicity was high, but at alkaline region, the surface hydrophobicity increased as the temperature increased. And when NaCl was added, the surface hydrophobicity was also increased. Foam expansion of peanut protein isolate was no significant difference among the values about pH. When the peanut protein was heated and NaCl was added, foam expansion was increased at pH 7. Foam stability was significantly low at pH 4.5 and foam stability was increased at acidic pH region below pH 4.5. At pH 7 and pH 9, heat treatment above $60^{\circ}C$ increased foam stability. When NaCl was added, foam stability was significantly increased at pH 3 and pH 7.

1. The major components of Omija were found as moisture (16.12%) crude fat (10.5%) crude protein (8.66%) crude ash (3.47%) reducing sugar (5.32%). 2. Omija jelly receipe were summarized as follow; (1) 5% of gelatin concentration was shown to be the most desirable. (2) 15% of sugar concentration was shown to be the most desirable. (3) 12, 15, 18 hrs. of extract time was not significantly different in Omija extract. (4) It was the most desirable for 30g of Omija to boil during 30 minutes in boiling Omija extract. 3. Result of Omija jelly by Instron that Hardness, Adhesiveness, Gumminess tend to increase as the addition level of gelatin concentration increased but Cohesiveness was changed irregularly. 4. Hardness Adhesiveness tend to increase as the addition level of increase as the addition level of sugar concentration increased but Cohesiveness Gumminess was not significant difference. 5. Hardness, Adhesiveness tend to increase as the addition level of extract time increased, but Cohesiveness, Gumminess was not significant difference. 6. Color value of Omija jelly (gelatin 5%, sugar 15%, 18hr. extract) was shown $x=7.94{\pm}0.047,\;y=4.24{\pm}0.047,\;z=6.34{\pm}0.067$ in Omija extract and Omija jelly (gelatin 5%, sugar 15%, Omija 50g, 30 minutes boiling) was shown $x=7.76{\pm}0.038,\;y=3.88{\pm}0.02,\;z=6.12{\pm}0.021$ in boiling Omija extract. 7. Appearance of Omija jelly had significant relationship with Cohesiveness by gelatin concentration and texture of Omija jelly had significant relationship with Adhesiveness by gelatin concentration. 8. Appearance of Omija jelly had significant relationship with Cohesiveness and texture of Omija jelly had significant relationship with Gumminess by boiling Omija extract.

In this study, the cis to trans isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids were investigated about Soybean oil (SBO), Corn germ oil (CGO), Cottonseed oil (CSO), Margarine (MG), Shortening (ST) incubated at $40{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for 35 days and heated at $185{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. The contents and kinds of trans fatty acids in each sample were determined by GLC after seperating by HPLC. The results were obtained as follows; 1. When samples were incubated at $40{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for 35 days, the contents of total trans fatty acids were increased from $0.5{\sim}12.3%$ to $0.8{\sim}20.5%$. The kinds of trans fatty acids found were $t-C_{18:1},\;t,c-C_{18:2},\;t,t-C_{18:2},\;t,c,c-C_{18:3}$ in $SBO,\;t-C_{18:1},\;t,c-C_{18:2}$ in $CGO,\;t-C_{16:1},\;t-C_{18:1},\;t,c-C_{18:2},\;t,t-C_{18:2}$ in CSO. Processed oil such as MG and ST showed more complicated composition of trans fatty acids than SBO, CGO and CSO. $t-C_{18:1},\;t,c-C_{18:2},\;t,t-C_{18:2},\;t,c,t-C_{18:3},\;t-C_{20:1}$ were detected in ST. 2. In the case of heating at $185{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours, the contents of total trans fatty acid were $1.6{\sim}37%$. 2% in all samples. Heating made more remarkable isomerization than incubation $(40{\pm}2^{\circ}C)$. Specially, $c,c,t-C_{18:3}$ in $SBO,\;t,t,t-C_{18:3}$ in $MG,\;t,c,t-C_{18:3},\;t,t,t-C_{18:3}$ in ST were detected. 3. The total contents of trans fatty acids of processed oil were higher than vegetable oils. During incubation, trans fatty acids increased in the order of MG>ST>CGO>SBO>CSO, and during heat treatment, MG>ST>SBO>CGO>CSO.

This study was conducted to compare the characteristics of the ordinary soybean curd and 3 protein-adding soybean curds (soy protein, casein, gelatin). The sensory evaluation, textural analysis by Instron Universal Testing Machine & the microstructure analysis by SEM for 4 soybean curds were carried out. The results were as follows: 1. In sensory evaluation. 1) The differentiation of soybean curds was greatly explained by `hardness in mouth' through ANOVA test. 2) Discriminant analysis showed that the properties of casein soybean curd were different from those of other three soybean curds by discriminant function I, and the properties of soy protein soybean curd were slightly different from those of ordinary and gelatin soybean curds by discriminant function II. 2. In textural analysis by Instron, protein-adding soybean curds showed significantly lower hardness than ordinary soybean curd. 3. In microstructure analysis by SEM, soy protein soybean curd showed regular, good honeycomb-like network structure and other soybean curds showed lumpy network. The structure of gelatin soybean curd was slightly similar to that of ordinary soybean curd.

우리나라 연안에서 어획되는 7종 가자미류를 대상으로 육 엑스분에서 아미노산 및 그 관련화합물의 분포를 측정 비교하였다. 그중 어획이 많은 층거리가자미의 경우는 다른 것에 비해 그 육 엑스분 중의 질소함량이 비교적 높은 편이었다. 가열시간과 온도의 변화에 따른 층거리가자미의 아미노산 및 그 관련화합물의 함량을 분석·검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 7종 가자미류 육중에는 조단백질이 $17.54{\sim}19.99%$, 그리고 순단백질은 $15.63{\sim}17.95%$가 함유되어 있었고, 그 엑스분 중의 질소함량이 가장 높은 어종은 돌가자미로 2.12%였다. 2) 생육에서 추출한 엑스분 중의 아미노산 및 그 관련 화합물의 조성은 7종 가자미에서 공통적으로 taurine이 전체의 $29.4{\sim}56.9%$로서 그 함량이 가장 높았고, 다음으로 alanine이 $6.6{\sim}10.4%$, glycine이 $1.6{\sim}16.7%$로 나타났다. 3) 층거리가자미육을 $100^{\circ}C$에서 30분, 60분, 90분, 120분 그리고 150분간 가열시간을 달리 하였을 때 엑스분 중의 아미노산 및 그 관련화합물의 조성은 alanine의 경우는 미소한 증가를 보였다. 반면에 histidine, lysine, ${\alpha}-aminoadipic\;acid$ 및 proline은 감소하였으며, isoleucine, arginine, phenylalanine 및 DL-allo-hydroxylysine은 함량에 큰 변동이 없었다. 4) 층거리가자미육을 $90^{\circ}C$에서 $130^{\circ}C$까지 $10^{\circ}C$간격으로 가열온도를 달리하여 60분간 가열한 뒤의 아미노산 및 그 관련화합물의 조성은 taurine, alanine 및 leucine은 가열온도가 높을수록 그 함량이 증가하여 $130^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높았다. Histidine, lysine 및 aspartic acid는 가열온도가 높아짐에 따라 그 함량이 감소하였고, threonine, serine, valine 및 phenylalanine은 거의 변동이 없었다.

Six bands of domestic and American mayonnaises, four brands of Japanese mayonnaise and one home made mayonnaise were analyzed for chemical and fatty acid and sterol compositions. The results obtained as follows; 1. Moisture content was observed $13.3{\sim}22.4%$ of total samples, but H and L samples of American mayonnaise was observed 54.4 and 62.3% for the purpose of low caloried products. 2. Linoleic and linolenic acid were 50.3 and 7.9% and P/S ratio was observed $3.50{\sim}4.32$ over ideal ratio. 3. Cholesterol contents in O and N samples of Japanese mayonnaise were 166.07 mg/100 g product, 155.89 mg/100 g product. These figures are 3 times of domestic samples, and 4.8 times of American samples. Cholesterol content in home made mayonnaise was 90.75 mg/100 g product. 4. Little variation in stigmasterol content was observed among the brands of mayonnaise in contrast there was wide variation in sitosterol content ranged from 38.37 mg/100 g product to 409.16 mg/100 g product.

Currentry, the originality of traditional soups in Kyoung-Nam province is vanishing by the inflex of processed and instant food, food industrial development. Especially, such factors as the influence of alien cooked, the develoment of transportation, the movement of population have made it hard to preserve the traditionnal food preparations. The purpose of this thesis was to seek out the various kinds of Kyoung-Nam province soups preparation. To do this, about 60 kinds of soups recipe were reviewed and charactered into several categories. The findings of the study are as follows. 1) Soup is made by fish or shellfish, freshwater fish. Meat and fowls is rarely used in Kyoung-Nam province (coastal region). 2) Soups of inland area is made by most vegetables and these soup were always harmonized with soybean powder or perilla powder. 3) Various soup season with the mag-jang, mul-jang sauce, hab-ja-jang sauce. 4) These soups were in general to make much red pepper and much salt.

서울시내 남교사를 대상으로 식습관과 건강 상태를 알아보기 위하여 설문지법을 이용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 하루중 가장 규칙적인 식사는 점심이었고, 불규칙적인 식사는 저녁으로 연령별로는 60대가 가장 규칙 적인 식사를 하였다. 2. 환경요인중 연령이 많을수록 체중이 가벼울수록 자각적 건강상태가 좋으수록 습관화된 균형식 득점이 높았으며 과거 또는 현재의 병력, 혈압등은 유의차가 없었다. 3. 식생활 태도중 식사가 불규칙적이고, 외식의 종류로 한식, 중국식, 양식, 일식에 속하지 않는 기타의 건강 상태가 가장 나빴고, 다음으로 일식, 양식이었다. 점심식사를 빵식으로 하고, 저녁 식사후 음식먹는 버릇이 있는 경우에 건강상태가 나빴다. 4. 흡연량은 기관지계(p<.001), 간장계(p<.01)에 영향을 미쳤고, 하루에 마시는 커피의 양은 심장, 고혈압계(p<.05), 관절계 (p<.05), 당뇨계 (p<.001)에 영향을 미쳤으며 주량과 술 마시는 횟수는 관계가 없었다. 5. 식습관 요인중 짠음식(p<.05)은 심장, 고혈압계와 매운 음식 (p<.05)은 일반 질병계와 튀김, 전, 볶음(p<.01)은 관절계와 인스탄트 식품 (p<.05)은 기관지계와 과일(p<.01)은 당뇨계와 짠음식 (p<.01)은 간장계와 유의적이었는데 당뇨병은 식습관 요인과 가장 관계가 깊었다.

본 연구에서는 우리나라 대도시인 서울, 부산, 광주, 대전 지역을 중심으로 조리기구(전기기구, 가스기구, 소도구)의 보유실태를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 조사된 24종류의 전기기구중 한 가정에 평균 8종류 이상을 보유하고 있는 것으로 나타났고 그 보유율이 가장 높은 것은 냉장고 (99.6%)였고, 가장 낮은 것은 식기세척기(3.4%)였다. 2) 조사된 4종류의 가스기구중 보유율이 가장 높은 것은 가스레인지 (92.2%)였고, 가장 낮은 것은 가스오븐(2.2%)이었다. 3) 조사된 86종류의 소도구중 한 가정에서 평균 45종류 이상을 갖추고 있는 것으로 나타났다. (1) 계량용기구는 계량컵(61.1%)과 계량스푼(51.9%)의 보유가 비교적 많았고 저울(20.8%), 키친타이머(6 .2%), 조리용온도계는 저조한 편이었다. (2) 칼종류는 스텐레스칼(95.7%)이 가장 많았으며 도마는 나무도마(83.2%)가 플라스틱도마(60.4%)보다 많았다. (3) 국자는 스텐레스국자(78.5%)와 플라스틱국자(78.3%)가 거의 비슷하게 많았고 한 가정에 거의 2개정도 보유하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 주걱은 플라스틱 주걱(93.1%)과 나무주걱 (87.0%)이 스텐주걱(36.7%)보다 많았다. (4) 절구는 쇠절구(9.8%)보다 나무절구(30.0%)), 돌절구(28.6%), 알루미늄절구(24.6%)가 많았으나 전체적으로 보유율은 저조하였다. (5) 남비는 양손잡이의 모양이 한 가정에 평균 4개 이상으로 가장 많이 보유되어 있었으며 용도로는 찌개용 (99.7%)이 가장 많고 재질로는 스텐레스(92.2%)가 가장 많았다. 솥종류로는 알루미늄솥(81.1%)이 가장 많고 압력솥은 45.0%가 보급되어 있었다. 주전자는 스텐레스(77.2%)와 알루미늄 주전자(64.7%)가 법랑(20.6%)이나 파이렉스(19.5%)), 동주전자(17.0%)보다 많았다. (6) 후라이팬은 둥근모양(83.4%)이 네모난모양(34.7%) 보다 보유율이 높았고 용도로는 볶음용(94.9%)이 가장 많았고 재질로는 코팅된 것(91.9%)이 철(40.5%)이나 파이렉스(18.6%) 보다 많이 보유되어 있었다. (7) 모양틀은 야채모양틀(36.5%)이 가장 많았고 그 다음이 도넛츠틀(26.8%), 푸딩틀(13.2%), 밥모양틀(10.5% ) 순으로 나타났다. (8) 기타 소도구중 가장 많이 보유하고 있는 것은 소쿠리로써 한 가정에 평균 4개 정도이었고 가장 적은 보유율을 보인 것은 국수기계(13.8%)와 신선로(13.6%)였다. 4) 조리기구의 보유율은 전기기구, 가스기구, 소도구 별로 약간의 차이는 있으나 도시의 크기, 주부의 학력과 가정의 수입정도, 주택의 유형, 자택여부 등과 상관관계가 있었다.

The purpose of this study was to present the basic data for the education of nutrition to female teachers by surveying the degree of nutritional knowledge, the attitute toward nutrition and eating habits of the female teachers, and analyzing the present dietary food. 1. The average score of their nutritional knowledge was 17.53 (the highest mark was 25) and the percentage of the right answers was 73.6. 2. The nutritional knowledge was related to their ages, and whether or not they majored in domestic science. Younger and domestic science majors scores of nutitional knowledge were shown to be higher. 3. They had dinner more regularly than breakfast or lunch and the score of nutritional knowledge was higher in proportion to the regularity of their breakfasts. As nutritional knowledge was reflected in their daily lives and bread was used as a substitute of their meals, the degree of their nutritional knowledge was higher. 4. For self evaluation of nutritional knowledge, the higher the score of their nutritional knowledge was, the more they thought they knew and those with high scores seemed to get information about nutrition through specialized books and cookbooks.