For the fast dry of the aqueous tape, the process which water was replaced by organic solvent was proposed. Socalled, it was the solvent washing dry. Three organic solvents (methanol, ethanol and acetone) were selected for the washing solvent. The weight loss of the washed tapes was measured to evaluate the dry rate of the tapes and dried tapes were examined the generation of the cracks with the variations of the organic solvent and the washing time. Methanol, ethanol and acetone were available organic solvents for this method. The tapes washed in methanol, ethanol and acetone were dried rapidly for twenty minutes. After thirty minutes, the weight losses were not found any more. The solvent of the lower surface tension can decreases the crack of dried tape. If solvent substitutes water completely, though it was fast dried, crack can be eliminated.

The relationship between the addition of Sb$_2$O$_3$ and the color difference by solarization in photosensitive glasses was investigated. Glasses containing CeO$_2$ and Sb$_2$O$_3$ simultaneously and glasses with only CeO$_2$ were changed reddish and yellowish respectively after exposing to ultra violet ray. Color difference between compositions was represented by dominant wavelength and purity. Since, in glasses containing CeO$_2$ and Sb$_2$O$_3$ simultaneously, Sb$_2$O$_3$ as reduction agent affected Ce$^3+$ ions to increase in glass and more Ce$^4+$ ions were induced than in glasses with only CeO$_2$ during UV irradiation, more electrons released by photo-ionization, which were color centers, were trapped by Ce$^4+$. In conclusion, the introduction of Sb$_2$O$_3$ to photosensitive glasses with CeO$_2$ resulted in the change of color center concentration in glasses and prevented the solarization of photosensitive glasses with CeO$_2$.

We investigated strength degradations from cyclic contact fatigue in self-toughened glass-ceramics. Hertzian indentation was used to induce cyclic contact load. Dynamic fatigue was also performed with changing stress rates from 0.01 to 10000 MPa/sec. After that, strength data and fracture origins were analysed. As the number of contact cycles increased or stressing rate decreased, severe strength degradation occurred by as much as 50% because of radial cracks developed from microcrack coalescence.

Phase transformation of TiSi$_2$ confined in sub-micron area of which the size is around or smaller than the grain size of C49 TiSi$_2$ phase is studied. It has been known that the C49 to C54 phase change is massive transformation that occurs abruptly starting from C54 nuclei located at triple point grain boundaries of C49 phase. When the C49 phase is confined in sub-micron area, however, the massive phase transformation is observed to be hindered due to the lack of the triple point grain boundaries of C49 phase. Heat treatment at higher temperatures starts to decompose the C49 phase, and the resulting decomposed Ti atoms diffuse to, and react with, the underneath Si material to form C54 phase that exhibits spherical interface with silicon. The newly formed C54 grains can also trigger the massive phase transformation to convert the remaining undecomposed C49 grains to C54 grains by serving as nuclei like conventional C54 nuclei located at triple point grain boundaries.

Alumina composite reinforced by chopped alumina fiber was fabricated by filter-pressing the fiber slurry followed by the infiltration of alumina slurry. The chopped fiber was coated with nickel by electroless plating method. The green samples were densified by hot-pressing. Microstructures were studied by SEM and the mechanical properties such as bending strength and fracture toughness were measured. The resulting mechanical properties were analyzed in relation with processing parameters such as preform density and resulting microstructures. The load-displacement curve of the specimen with Ni interlayer but without Ni inclusion showed brittle fracture mode due to the direct contact between matrix and fiber. The load-displacement curve of the specimen with Ni interlayer and Ni inclusion in the matrix which is introduced by high applied pressure during specimen preparation showed non-brittle fracture mode due to the fiber pull-out and dutile phases in the matrix.

The anisotropic CdS platelets were synthesized in the lamellar bilayer phase region of the octylamine-water binary system. The influence of the synthesis conditions of the system components on morphology and size of the platelets was examined. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) studies have shown thickness and face size of the synthesized particles. Platelets with face sizes ranging from 50 to 250 nm and thickness from 10 to 30 nm have been synthesized at room temperature. In addition, HRTEM micrographs show that the synthesized platelets are poly crystal.

Thin films of ZnO and Al doped ZnO were prepared by rf magnetron sputter techniques. When the oxygen fraction in Ar-O$_2$ sputter gas was about 2.0%, the films exhibited the composition of Zn:O=1.05:1. The films prepared at 250 W contain larger grains than the films grown at 100 W. However, high deposition rate seems to deteriorates the crystallinity as well as Al-substitution, resulting in lower concentration of mobile electrons. The Al-doped ZnO films which were deposited at $500^{\circ}C$ show resistance of 1$\times$10$^-2$ Wcm; optical band gap of the films ranges from 3.25 to 3.40 eV. These electrical and optical features are related with microstructural as well as crystalline characteristics of the films.

The Y- or Yb-doped SrZrO$_3$ proton conductors were fabricated using the powders prepared by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). The electrical conductivity was evaluated from an a.c. impedance measurements. The conductivity of SrZr$_{0.92}$Yb$_{0.08}$O$_{3-\delta}$ was 1.8$\times$10$^{-3}$ Scm$^{-1}$ at $900^{\circ}C$ in dry air atmosphere and its activation energy was 0.50 eV. The conductivity in wet air was larger, compared with the dry air, and the activaton energy of SrZr$_{0.92}$Yb$_{0.08}$O$_{3-\delta}$ in wet air was 0.40 eV.