In this paper. the stability control system of constant output DC-DC converter is composed of considering a ripple source input and a transient variable sinusoidal power. Also, we design I-PD controller and add phase shift controller. Therefore, it is proposed controller that is stable about the input voltage and load alteration and tracking desired value.

The main drawback of parallel type active power filters (APFs) is the large capacity required for harmonic compensation. This paper evaluates the APF capacity requirement for harmonic/reactive power compensation for thyristor converter load. Theoretically achievable maximum power factor under partial load is evaluated. it is shown that the APF capacity can be considerably reduced by deliberately limiting the peak current, while maintaining the filtering performance with an acceptable total harmonic current level. the minimum capacity requirement of APF with current limiting is evaluated as a function of the firing angle of thyristor converter and short circuit ratio(SCR).

This paper describes a simulation model and scaled hardware model to analyze the dynamic performance of Unified Power Flow Controller, which adjust flexibly the active and reactive power flow through the ac transmission line. The design of control system was developed using vector control method. The results of simulation and scaled hardware test show that the developed control system works accurately. And both models are very effective to analyze the dynamic performance of the Unified Power Flow Controller.

In this paper, the authors propose a current control system for three phase PWM AC/DC converter without the source voltage sensors. The sinusoidal input current and unity effective power factor are realised based on the estimated source voltage in the controller. The estimation of source voltage is performed based on Luenberger observer using actual currents. The estimated source voltage is used to accomplish unity power factor. The proposed method is proved by simulations.

This paper proposed the p-q-r coordinate system where the instantaneous active power p, and the two instantaneous reactive powers $q_{q}$, $q_{r}$ were defined. The three power components are linearly independent, so the compensation for the two instantaneous reactive powers leads to control the two components of the current space vector. With the theory, the neutral current of a three-phase four-wire system can be eliminated by only compensating the instantaneous reactive power using no energy storage element.

본 논문에서는 PWM 승압형 컨버터/인버터를 사용한 교류전동기 구동시스템에서 커먼 모드 전압의 크기를 dc 버스 전압 1/3이하로 제한시키는 새로운 공간전압벡터 PWM 기법을 제안한다. Dc 버스 전압의 2/3에 해당하는 커먼 모드 전압 펄스가 발생하는 경우에 대하여 고찰하고 각각의 경우에 대한 인버터 스위칭 시점의 이동을 통한 제거 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 부가의 하드웨어를 요구하지 않고 소프트웨어적으로 손쉽게 구현될 수 있으며, 전력변환기의 제어성능에 영향을 미치지 않는다는 장점을 가진다.

This paper proposes a wide speed range sensorless vector control strategy. At low speed region, the difference of high frequency impedances is used in order to estimate the rotor flux angle. At high speed region this algorithm is combined with the adaptive observer. It enables the stable operation even at zero speed under the rated load condition This is verified by experimental results.

본 논문에서는 벡터 제어 유도전동기 구동 시스템에서 과변조시 출력 토오크 향상을 위한 새로운 과변조 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 과변조 기법은 인버터의 전압 제한과 유도 전동기의 전류 다이나믹스를 동시에 고려하여, 과변조시 동기좌표계 d축 전압을 감소시킴으로써 순시적으로 d축 전류를 감소시키고 q축 전류 제어를 위한 전압 여유를 확보한다. 따라서 과변조시에도 q축 전류 제어가 원활하게 수행됨에 따라 전동기의 출력 토오크를 향상시킨다. 기존의 기법과의 비교 실험에서 제안된 기법이 우수함을 증명하였다.

This paper deals with the speed sensorless vector control of Induction motor using speed observer based on adaptive mathod. This system is modeled by using the system level simulator, Matlab/Simulink. The model consists of SVPWM Inverter Model. Induction Motor Model and speed obsever based on adaptive method. The results show the effectiveness of Matlab/Simulink in simulation of the Induction Motor.

The SRM is modeled by the database of torque profiles for every small variation in currents and rotor angles, which is inferred from the several measured data by the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference technique. Simulation results demonstrating the effectiveness of proposed torque modeling technique are presented.

Most of sensorless algorithm are based on motor equations where it is necessary to find the phase voltage and current. However, measurement error and environmental noise deteriorate the accuracy of speed estimation of PMSM. This paper investigates speed sensorless control of PMSM for noise rejection in harsh environment. The proposed algorithm is based on the interaction between electrical parameter and random noise. The evolution strategy is used for minimizing the noise effect. The proposed algorithm is verified through simulation and experiment.

In $CO_2$ arc welding, which is generally used for steel Panel of chassis parts, spatters cause many troubles. This paper represents the Pulse MAG arc welding to limit spatter generation, which is controlled output current instantaneously. And the system designed in this Paper is the digital controller using DSP.

This paper presents novel self excited DC-DC converters such as Buck-boost type, Buck type and also non-inverting Buck-boost type. The proposed converters has the following advantages: simple topology, small number of circuit components, easy control methode. Therefore, these converters are suitable for the portable appliances with battery source. Theoretical analysis and experimental results for SOW class Buck-boost type self oscillation DC-DC converter have been obtained, which demonstrate the high efficiency and good performance.

A non-contact battery charger which transfers energy using magnetic field without any electrical contacts is designed using half-bridge series resonant converter. This converter utilizes series resonance to reduce the undesirable effect of large leakage inductance of the non-contact transformer and ZVS operation can reduce switching losses. In this paper. analysis and design procedure of half-bridge series resonant converter with non-contact transformer is presented. Input voltage is 85VAC ${\sim}$ 270VAC, output voltage and current is 4.1V and 800mA, respectively. Furthermore, a method for calculating the secondary current of the transformer to control battery charging current in constant current charging mode which is required for litium-ion battery is proposed and the performance is verified from experiments.

A new zero voltage and zero current switching(ZVZCS) full bridge DC-DC converter with transformer isolation is proposed for arc welding machines. The proposed DC-DC converter uses an auxiliary transformer to obtain ZCS for leading leg, which provides load current control capability even in short circuit condition. The auxiliary circuit also operates in ZVZCS mode. The power rating of the auxiliary transformer is about 10% of the main transformer. The operation is verified by experiments for 12[KW] prototype.

In this paper we analysis DC bus voltage stress at high line voltage and light load in $S^4$-PFC Isolated AC/DC converter with DC bus voltage feedback using coupling in transformer. In this converter, the principle of operation and the practical problems in the design are considered. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the operation and performance of the $S^4$-PFC converter with DC bus voltage feedback. Experimental sets are performed in the conditions; switching frequency 100 kHz, output of 5 V, 60W, and universal line input voltage.

A Full-bridge zero-voltage zero-current switching (ZVZCS) converter using transformer auxiliary winding is analyzed. A complete small-signal model for the control scheme is developed. The propoed model is accurate up to half the switching frequency. The dynamic characteristics are compared with those of the zero-voltage switching converter and buck converter. Model predictions are confirmed by experimental measurements.

Buck converter is considered to be one of the most widely used DC-DC converters due to its simple structure and high reliable performance. However, when it be combined with thin-film inductor, its own low inductance requires higher switching frequency in order to maintain optimum output ripple voltage and thus gives rise to extra switching losses. In view to overcoming such a technical in-convenience, soft switching fashion is suggested such as zero-voltage-switching of which an well known example is a Zero-Voltage-Switching clamp voltage(ZVS-CV) converter for which low inductance is imperatively required for ZVS operation. In order to support our suggestion, a 1W of ZVS-CV buck converter( Vo=3.3V, Iomax=0.3A, fs= 1.2MHz) is built by use of thin-film inductor, and then tested for comparing the measured efficiency between ours and conventional one. As the our results. the efficiency is improved about 2% at full load by the application of our concept.

Parameters of equivalent circuit of IPMSM are varied according to current magnitude and current phase angle. Especially, Parameter variation of IPMSM for an electric vehicle(EV) is critical. Because current magnitude is very large. and current phase angle range also is wide. So, variation characteristics of $L_d$ and $L_q$ of the IPMSM are analyzed and verified through experiments. And then new parameter estimator of $L_d$ and $L_q$ that is constructed by neural network technique is suggested Using numerical method, the advanced characteristics of current controller of vector control algorithm is verified.

This paper proposes a modified hysteresis current control method based on space vector modulation. The proposed method differs from former works in that it uses effective voltage vectors instead of zero vectors while not significantly increasing the circuit complexity. The circuit uses outer band that is slightly wider than the usual current limit band (inner band) to detect the phase of current command and thereby the region information. The comparator output signals associated with the inner and outer band are used to determine the proper voltage vector that minimizes the current error and number of switching, with simple logic circuitry. The utilization of effective voltage vector is of particular importance when the ac-side emf is relatively large. Both the simulation and experiment show that the proposed method is more effective than the conventional one that uses zero vectors, in reducing the number of switching over a range of ac-side emf variation.

This paper suggested a new sensorless driving strategy for brushless de motor which can improve the conventional degradation of highspeed operating performances, lowspeed operating performances and starting performances caused by applying general single pwm switching frequency. By varying PWM switching frequency during operating time, the proposed method can get some desired upper performances. For confirming the validity of the proposed method, the sensorless driving system is implemented with an rPM module and 87c196MC micro controller.

In order to widen the radius of electric vehicle (EV) travel recharging points must be provided in sufficient numbers and at convenient places. The cost of providing side an infrastructure is at preset, not well documented and this lack of information acts as a detersent to prospective insestors in EV technology. This paper acts as a preliminancy investigation into the cost of infrastructure is the different situation i.e for the private owner, the fleet owner or for the public. It provides an overview of the items required and this relative costs. Cost will however, vary from country to country and application to application, and this paper two acts purely as guide to the type of equipment and its relative costs.

This paper presents a new speed and position sensorless control method of permanent magnet synchronous motors based on the sliding mode observer. The sliding mode observer structure and its design method are described. Also, Lyapunov functions are chosen for determining the adaptive law for the speed and the stator resistance estimator. The effectiveness of the proposed observer is confirmed by the experimental results.

This Paper Presents the identification of rotor time constant using Neural Network. The difference between the rotor time constant of a controller and the actual one causes the degradation of motor performance in indirect vector control scheme. The actual value is varied by heating of motor, so on-line tuning method is necessary. Therefore, the identification using Neural Network is used in this paper. The simulation using Matlab/Simulink shows that the proposed method suitably identifies the rotor time constant in the steady state

This paper describes characteristics of independent load sharing of parallel UPS systems and proposes a method of control which does not require control interconnections at each UPS system and compensates for line impedance. Simulation results of a two-module UPS system with different power latins and line impedance have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed control scheme in load sharing.

The fictitious power theory in time domain is very easy to understand, but power analyzing time of active power is increased, because power is analyzed using signal techniques based on the correlation between voltage and current waveforms. Also, conventional methods in time/frequency domain to evaluate the compensation performance of active power filters are not provided easy solutions. So, the authors have previously proposed 3-D current coordinates which is composed into active component, fundamental reactive component and distorted component of nonlinear loads current. This method has excellent performance, but can not evaluate the characteristics of nonlinear load current whether inductive or capacitive. Therefore, To overcome problems mentioned previously, this paper deals with the simple instantaneous power theory and the modified 3-D current coordinates for evaluating the compensation performance of active power filters. To confirm the validity, active power filters simulator is developed using C-language. From the simulation, results are discussed their utility.

The paper contains design formulas and an execution algorithm for calculation of distributed parameters as well as wave and impedance parameters of a uniform transmission line using data of the line input impedance measurements by the OPEN-SHORT method. In difference from published before works on the OPEN-SHORT method application for line parameters determination, in which the lines with small losses are considered /1-3/, the obtained formulas allow to calculate parameters of transmission lines with arbitrary losses. It opens new possibilities of the OPEN-SHORT method utilization for development and application of the probe - type lossy dielectric media parameters meters based on transmission lines, including probe-type moisture material meters.

We present voltage-source inverter for variable speed of washing machine. In the case of previous washing machines only on/off contol of motor was satisfied but these days the desire of customers moves to more silent and energy saving machine. Therefore many white goods manufacturers consider variable driving methods of motor. Nowadays variable speed Induction motors powered by inverters are becoming more and more popular. In this paper the principles of constant V/F control of Induction motor used in washing machine and space vector PWM technique are reviewd. Implementation issues such as command voltage generation, switching pattern determination, speed and power measurement are also presented. Experimental results are included in the end of the paper.

The life of a fluorescent lamp is greatly affected by starting scenario and crest factor. This paper will propose a new crest factor control method in electronic ballast for fluorescent lamp using Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM), which employs a passive Power Factor Correction (PFC) circuit in the input stage. The operation of parellel-loaded circuit, the switching frequency. and the characteristics of electronic ballast with the proposed PFM control scheme are described in detail, and its validity is verified by the simulation results.

We have development the electronic ballast for metal halide discharge (MHD) lamp. The ballast consists of the boost pre-converter for power factor correction (PFC), a flyback a converter, half-bridge inverter and ignitor. To reject acoustic resonance phenomena, we have designed electronic ballast driving with the low frequency square wave. As results of this study, the ballast had not flicker phenomena and promoted corrected the factor (PF) highly

The output characteristics of solar cell vary with load and solar insolation. Therefore solar cell must always track maximum power point. If photovoltaic system is stand-alone. It is necessary to maintain for output of voltage source inverter. In this paper, stand-alone photovoltaic system consists of boost chopper and voltage source inverter. We make it to track maximum power point by revolution of solar cell array instead of detecting situation of sun in any conditions. And we prove that maximum power point tracking by revolution of solar cell array is better than fixed solar cell.

Recently, new trend in telecommunication device is to apply low voltage, about 3.3V-1.5V. However, it is undesirable in view of high efficiency and power desity which is the most important requirement in the distributed power system. Rectification loss in the output stage in on-board converter for distributed power system are constrained to obtain high efficience at low output voltage power suppies. This paper is investigated conduction power loss in synchronouss rectifier with a parallel -connected Schottky Barrier Diode(SBD). Conduction losses are calculated for both MOSFET and SBD respectively. The SBD conduction power loss dissipates more than the MOSFET rectifier conduction power loss.

본논문은 제작된 다이오드 switching시 나타난 전류 증가현상을 관측하고 그 원인을 분석했다. 증가현상을 보이는 구조는 다이오드에 전자를 조사한 소자로 proton을 조사한 구조에 비해서 접합부근에 high defect density 영역이 형성된다. Reverse recovery시에 이영역에 높은 역방향 전계가 형성, 조사에 순간적으로 전류가 증가하게 한다.

This paper describes the engineering process for analyzing the simulation result and deciding the site in which Distribution STATCON operates more effectively. For this purpose the modeling method of industrial loads, equipments and STATCON was represented. Models of motor, furnace and so on are presented for the modeling of industrial loads. The distribution system models include the parameters of the distribution line and transformer. The models of PESS(Power Electronics Subsystem), controllers and maginetics are consist of STATCON model.

In this paper, an embedded micro processor based resistance spot welding controller is introduced which has been recently developed by Hyosung Co. Ltd. The performance of rapid and constant high current control is tested experimentally. This paper shows configurations of measuring system for high current and realtime RMS conversion techniques of sampled discrete data. A digital proportional control is adopted for this system and the result shows that this new product is working well at wide range of welding current and the performance is improved compared with some other commercially available controllers that are widely used in our industries. User friendly MMI system and a computer network system to monitor each welding processes are also presented.

The PV-Wind hybrid system was installed in the island where the solar and wind energy was compensated each other. The installed hybrid system, 10kWp-PV and 10kW-wind capacity, was monitored with the varying solar intensity and wind speed, under the minimum capacity of the storage battery.

The purpose of this paper is to verify the appropriation of power electronics circuit by applying the most powerful and widely used simulator PSPICE and SIMULINK for adapted variable control technics. Power semiconductor macro modeled by SIMULINK such as DC motor and AC induction motor. Furthermore DC motor & AC induction motor are modeled by PSPICE through their algorithms. For proved these modelings accurate, simulation techniques which are generally used in the field of power electronics circuits are adapted in power electronics and systems

In this paper, we propose a new control scheme for a PWM inverter using digital control. Digital control has various advantages in comparison with conventional analogue control. It can achieve high frequency switching of inverter and can be little influenced for temperature variations and aging of devices. This digitally-controlled PWM inverter is implemented using a Digital Signal Processor(DSPTMS320F240). The simulation results are given to verify the DSP based PWM inverter design and implementation.

This paper describes the development of Emergency Generator Equipments Diagnosis System for monitoring generator equipments and battery system. This system is capable of measuring on up to 20 separate sites of generator, engine and periphral equipment's. Battery system also capable of measure the setting time, float and discharge voltage of up to 240 cells in a single installation, and has the memory capacity to store battery's alarm data information on up to 200 separate sites. This system are easy to maintain and attain cost effectively, so that prepared for meeting the customer's service needs immediately. The system is additionally programmed with a each model, that will enable to accurately determine the generator equipments and remain battery capacity in a system following a short discharge test. It is also equipped with remote interrogation and control facilities.

Recently, white good market has interest with inverter product, which has merit to on/off type with respect to energy saving and noise. But, inverter product's cost is rising, because of adding inverter circuit component. To reduce cost, inverter gate drive trend is using HVIC which needs only single voltage. Also using HVIC, designer can compact PCB'size. This paper shows application technique and key point of designing HVIC

Semiconductor devices can be series stacked for the application of high voltage switching. It can provide high reliability and long lifetime by the safe design with a reasonable margin. The equal voltage distribution at solid-state switches in series should be guaranteed. Static and dynamic voltage division, over current protection must be considered carefully in the design stage. A fast switching thyristor is a good candidate for the high power pulse applications. A high voltage switching module is designed and tested. Its specifications are working voltage of 70 kV, switching pulse width of 120${\mu}s$, peak switching current of 220A, maximum repetition rate of 200pps. The module can be series connected to get higher working voltage. This paper presents the design details and the test results are compared with expected circuit simulations.

This paper describes on the development of Controller for the Utility Car combined photovoltaic. The Utility Car is generally composed of Controller, separately excited DC motor. battery and potbox. According to using battery, Utility Car have the problem of small operation time. So operating time is expanded by using parallel operating sollar cell and battery.

The dead time deteriorates the output performance of the PWM inverter so that various compensation schemes have been proposed. If the modulation index is rendered with the low output frequencies, those schemes do not work well because of the zero clamping phenomena. In this paper, we investigate the influence of the dead time minimization algorithm on the low output voltage reference. The validity of the algorithm is examined by comparing the simulation results with those of conventional methods.

본 논문에서는 다수대 전동기로 구성된 연속구동 시스템의 속도 및 장력 제어를 위한 연속 부하 분담 제어를 제안한다. 제안된 방법을 이용하여 장력 센서를 사용하지 않고 인접한 전동기의 출력 토오크를 원하는 비율로 조절하는 것에 기존의 장력 센서를 이용한 피드백 제어 특성을 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통해 비교 검토하였다. 4개의 구동롤로 구성된 다중 스팬 축소 모델을 설계, 제작하여 제안된 방법의 유용성을 입증하였다.

In controlling vector of induction motor, PID controller is required much time as the expert should control manually a gain of controller according to plant or a change of circumstances. Accordingly, this paper has gotten a gain of PID controller used neural network by self-funning method in order to settle above problem. The neural network can describe an input/output features in spite of non-linear system which is hard to get mathematical model by controlling the strength of connection by learning. It has a strong character against a distortion and noise of input information, and is suitable modeling of diver-variable system which is composed of several input/output. This paper has represented the self-tunning method for gain of PID controller used neural network when using PID controller to control speed of induction motor, and has checked strong characters against distortion and noise of input information through simulation.

In the paper, a new single phase uninterruptible power supply(UPS) scheme is proposed. A conventional UPS can supply power to the load continuously. However, it may generate input current harmonics and the input power factor is very poor. This paper proposes a phase control converter for single phase UPS. It mainly consists of a minimized structure of power converter which is capable of providing a specified constant output voltage, phase controlled battery charger. The proposed scheme is validated with a computer simulation.

The Backlight inverter used in the laptop computer is designed in this study. It has been difficult for electromagnetic transformer to enhance the efficiency and compact profile. In this study, (l) the piezoelectric transformer(PT) is used for reducing the loss: (2) the volume of core and winding coil are used in electromagnetic transformer, and (3) the zero voltage switching(ZVS) is used in the driver of the resonant circuit. The modified PT for this paper and the equivalent circuit are supported by the simulation program. ZVS is achieved by Half-Bridge inverter circuit. The result of the experiment shows more than 91% improvement in terms of the efficiency.

To control a continuous processing line, it is necessary to take the entire system into account. In this paper observers to estimate the line tension are discussed. Considering a tension as a external disturbance, a closed loop observers are designed. It becomes clear that the proposed tension control scheme has high accuracy performance and simplicity.

With the increasing demands for clean environment, development of air cleaning systems has been received increasing attention. EP is usually used for air cleaning in the coal power plant. One of the key technology in the EP is high voltage pulse power supply, which affects the performance of the overall system. In this study, high voltage micro pulse power supply for the pilot EP is developed. The power supply has a de source and a pulse one. The ratings of the dc and pulse source are 60kV and 70kV respectively.

The device we have developed is the automatic shut off equipment which will reduce energy consumption when an equipment is in stand by power state. The principle for this system is when a man is moving, electricity will flow by setting a on-off light system. At night, in the stand-by power state the electric supply will be shut off immediately which will reduce energy consumption. Energy consumed by 24hour operating machines and stand-by electronic devices will be reduced by pulse signals which will give power supply when needed.

One of the limitations of conventional ASCI for high-power induction motor drives is the high voltage that is produced in the commutation capacitors during the current commutation from one phase to another. Since the capacitor voltage appears directly on the semiconductor components, it increases their required voltage ratings. Also, the high-voltage spikes generated at the motor terminals may cause damage to the motor insulation. And we investigated how de input power is increased or decreased according to size of de link inductor. In this paper, de link inductor and clamping capacitor in GTO inverter suitable for induction motor drives are propose through experiment.

In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of Motor Noise according to PWM method, especially in the case of 2-phase conduction method. There are two types of PWM methods used usually. One is Lower-PWM and the other is Upper&Lower PWM. Because there is a difference between freewheeling path of both methods, Current profiles of two methods are different. This makes the difference of Torque Ripple and so difference of Noise Performance. In this paper, the path will be analyzed and the comparison of Noise performance of two types of PWM methods will be showed by experiment results.

전력전자 분야에서 고성능 인버터 및 컨버터 제어에 DSP를 이용한 디지털 제어가 보편화되었다. 중 소규모의인버터/컨버터 연동 제어 시스템의 경우 제어 하드웨어는 집중형 방식으로 제작되는 것이 바람직하다. 본 연구에서는 고속 병렬처리 기능이 뛰어난 TMS320C6701을 탑재한 전력전자 시스템용 제어 하드웨어를 개발하였다. 개발된 제어 하드웨어는 현재 1대의 인버터와 1대의 컨버터의 연동 제어가 가능하며 향후 업그레이드에 따라 중 소규모의 인버터/컨버터 연동 제어 시스템에 적용될 수 있다.

This paper proposes a current-fed type high frequency inverter using a soft switching technology Zero-Voltage-Switching to reduce turn on and off loss at the switching. The analysis of the proposed circuit was described by using normalized parameter and operating characteristics have been evaluated as to switching frequency and parameters. In the future, the proposed circuit is considered to be useful for induction heating applications.

This paper describes the first field demonstration of the distribution STATCON in Korea including installation and its evaluation for improving power quality in distribution system. The purpose of installation is to verify functionally the voltage source inverter based equipment for voltage regulation and harmonic mitigation in distribution line. The operational data resulting from field test and the site figure are included.

본 연구에서는 에너지절감 및 최적의 용접결과(최소 스패터 등), 변압기 소형화를 위해 16비트 마이크로컨트롤러를 적용한 고주파 인버터식 저항용접기 시스템을 구성하였으며, 용접파라미터의 순시 피드백과 통전시간 제어를 통해 용접조건에 맞는 최적의 용접전력을 모재에 공급할 수 있는 저항용접기를 구현하여 그 특성파악을 행하였다.

Electric power system is consisted of power supply and power enable circuit. Power supply provides operating voltage with internal chip. Depending on the operating voltage, power enable circuit provides operating signal, PWREN. Because energy is obtained from signal of external station, passive transponder must have the low power consumption. In this paper, the power supply module of the low power transponder is designed and analyzed.

To satisfy the demand for small size, light weight. high density power supply, the switching frequency of DC/DC converters has been increased. The PWM control of the conventional SMPS have a switching frequency that a level of the conducted noise spectra contribute to switching frequency band. So the electronic equipment is not only affected from that but is restricted to internal regulation like CISPR, FCC, and VDE. In this paper, we analyzed Bi-FM. Bi-FM is two fixed switching frequency with a modulation frequency. So emission spectrum of Bi-FM control signal is spreaded and spectral power level is reduced. In this paper, we analyze the spectral analysis of Bi-FM control signal and the spectral comparison between the PWM control and Bi-FM control. And we confirm that reduced the spectrum power level through simulation using Pspice and experiment.

A technique to suppress the low frequency ripple voltage of the DC output voltage in three-phase buck diode rectifiers is presented. A pulse frequency modulation method is employed to regulate the output voltage of the rectifier and guarantee zero-current switching of the switch over the wide operating range. The pulse frequency control method used in this paper shows generally good performance such as low THD of the input line current and unity power factor. In addition, the pulse frequency method can be effectively used to suppress the low frequency voltage ripple appeared in the dc output voltage. The proposed technique illustrates its validity and effectiveness through the respective simulations and experiments.

This paper presents a control scheme for a three-phase PWM converter system without any voltage sensors. Two input currents and one load current are measured. In a general PWM converter system, the required AC input and DC output voltage values in order to control the converter are estimated using the differential equations of the converter from the measured input currents and load current values in the switch modes of the converter circuit. The PI controller is used as DC voltage controller and sinusoidal tracking controller which tracks directly AC input current is used as input current controller. The Proposed method is verified by simulations. This paper describes the estimation method and configuration of the controller, and discusses steady state and transient performances of the converter

This paper studies the scope and object of international standards related to power supplies and semiconductor convertors. IEC 60478 and IEC 60686 are international standards for stabilized power supplies with DC and AC output, respectively, and IEC 61204 for low-voltage power supply devices with DC output. IEC 60146 : Semiconductor Convertors is a representative international standard in the field of semiconductor convertors. In this field, there are some international standards such as IEC 60971. IEC 61136-1. IEC 61800. and etc.. In this paper, IEC 60686, 60971, 61136-1, and 61240 are mainly studied.

To improve the current waveform of diode rectifiers, we propose a new operating principle for the voltage diode rectifiers. In the conventional voltage rectifier circuit, relatively large capacitors are used to boost the output voltage, while the proposed circuit uses smaller ones and a small reactor not to boost the output voltage but improve the input current waveform. A circuit design method is shown and confirmed simulation. It explained that compared conventional SPWM inverter with HPWM(Half Pulse-width modulated)Inverter. Proposed HPWM inverter eliminated dead-time by lowering switching loss and holding over-shooting. Output voltage and current of this paper were applied for real air-conditioner.

This Paper proposes a new toplogy snubber circuit of Full-Bridge DC-DC Converter for reducing conduction losses and snubber circuit heating loss. Using Partial Resonent Soft Switching Method and Clamping, studying on a new snubber circuit for reducing losses that a snubber circuit heating loss in the secondly diode rectification side, a switching losses in the primary side of IGBT inverter and conduction losses in the high frequency insulation transformer. In this paper, we present FB DC-DC converter included a new lossless snubber circuit, and then be analyzed and simulated.

In the past, the PWM converter had a large switching loss by hard switching and difficult to high frequency operation. The resonance converter to decrease the switching loss and EMI is required the frequency control and needed to reduce the voltage or current stress at each parts. So, this paper propose the 3-phase boost converter and the method to compensated input power factor by control the amplitude - an instantaneous value of the DC inductor current -and control the switching frequency that a modulation error by the ripple of the DC inductor current. The proposed 3-phase PWM boost converter of single phase control type can takes higher capacity and compensate the power factor by using Feed back controller at each phase for the existing 3-phase bridge rectifier type. Moreover the 3-phase full bridge type using the rectifier at each 3-phase circuit will be small size reactor and compensate input power factor by minimize harmonic components of each phase.

Front end AC to DC converters of the boost type are used in traction applications for generating the DC link for the inverters. A GTO based converter is usually switched with a switching frequency of 300 to 500Hz, resulting in low frequency harmonic problems. In order to avoid this, multiple converters with phase shifted carrier signals are used to suppress the low frequency harmonics. A detailed study of an AC to DC converter, parallel operated with reduced sensor and improved power-factor in light load conditions is presented in this paper.

Resonant converters have several salient features such as high efficiency and low noise. Therefore, ZVS-PWM controlled series resonant converter with active-clamp technique is presented. The combination of an active-clamp technique and resonant circuit makes it possible to control the output voltage of the resonant converter with PWM. This new resonant converter was implemented and has achieved a good controllability. In this paper, the normal load characteristics and abnormal voltage increase in the case of the light load are analyzed. As a result, it is clarified that the stray capacitance of the transformer is a cause of the abnormal voltage increase. Then, it is confirmed that the abnormal voltage increase is suppressed by decreasing the duty ratio. ZVS condition is analyzed. The maximum efficiency of 89% is obtained for the output of 10V and 5A.

본 논문에서는 벅-부스트 컨버터와 하프브리지 컨버터가 결합된 형태가 구성된 고역률 AC-DC 컨버터를 제안한다. 제안된 컨버터는 주회로와 제어회로를 단단으로 구성함으로써 입력역률을 개선함과 동시에 출력전압의 제어가 가능한 구조이다. 역률개선용 컨버터로 벅-부스트 컨버터를 사용함으로써 링크 캐패시터의 DC 링크전압을 입력 라인전압의 최대값 이하로 유지하여 회로의 각 소자가 받는 전압 스트레스가 감소하므로 내압이 낮은 소자를 사용하여 효율을 높일 수 있다. 비대칭 제어기법을 통해 두 스위치의 데드타임을 일정하게 유지하여 스위칭손실을 줄였고 출력단에는 동기정류기를 사용하여 정류손실을 줄임으로써 효율을 개선한다.

This paper presents design and stability analysis of the constant frequency Flyback type converter using average current-mode control. The average current-mode control has been recently reported, and superior characteristics over a peak current-mode control such as a good tracking performance of an average current, no slope compensation and noise immunity. By the improvement of PM(Phase Margin) obt from applying the compensator in the current loop, the stability of designed flyback convert more improved. The validity of designed convert confirmed by simulation and experimental result

This paper is concerned on developing DC-DC converter. In contrast to resonant converter, this converter requires no external resonant elements and operates with constant switching frequency. In conventional PWM converter, two MOSFET switches of the converter are simultaneously turned on and turned off. In presented converter, to achieve Zero Voltage Switching, the two legs of the bridge are operated DC-DC converter is phase shifted. Phase shifted Full Bridge ZVS PWM Converter have an effect on the power system. Operation principle and features are illustrated by the experiment results from 50W, 250kHz with MOSFET switch.

This paper presents the modeling method of $3{\Phi}$ phase-controlled rectifier considering the overlap interval for the drive of DC motor in the Matlab environment. The model is constructed by the module-based method and therefore it is appropriate in the research of the closed-loop controlled power electronic system in the Matlab/Simulink environment. The model of SCR is used as the element for the power transformation. The simulation results show that the overlap interval from the effect of the input inductance is accurate.

The multi-resonant converter(MRC) can reduce the switching losses exiting in a converter, so it is capable of operating at a high frequency. Such a few MHz high frequency application provides a high power density [$W/inch^{3}$]. But the high voltage stress across a switch of the resonant circuit is about 4$\sim$5 times the input voltage, it causes increasing of the conduction loss in MRC. In this paper, the mode analysis for the suggested AT Forward MRC with low voltage stress is discussed. The operational modes of the AT Forward MRC are divided to 8 equivalent modes according to the two switching sequences, Each mode is analyzed over all of the paper.

A new three-phase voltage-fed inverter using partial resonant converter with high power factor and high efficiency is proposed. The proposed Flyback converter is constructed by using a resonant network in parallel with the switch of the conventional converter. The devices are switched zero voltage or zero current eliminating the switching loss. This paper introduces elimination of harmonics compared with conventional SPWM inverter and three-phase voltage-fed inverter using Flyback converter.

The MRC minimizes a parasitic oscillation using the resonant tank circuit absorbed parasitic reactances existing in a converter circuit. So the converter is capable of operating at a high switching and also reducing the losses. But the resonant voltage stress across a resonant switch is 4-5 times a input voltage. This high voltage stress increases the conduction loss in MOSFET. In this paper, the CM forward MRC with synchronous rectifier and AT forward MRC are compared about efficiency and semiconductor stress. For analysis, we have built a 50W CM forward MRC and a 50W AT forward MRC. in which the input voltage is 48V, output voltage is 5V, each other. The measured voltage stress is about 170V of 2.9 times the input voltage in the AT Forward MRC, about 106V of 1.8 times the input voltage in CM forward MRC, and the efficiency is 81.05% in AT Forward MRC, 83.61% in CM forward MRC.

A new mode of parallel operation of a modular 3-phase AC-DC Flyback converter for high power factor correction along with tight regulation is presented in this thesis. The converter offers input/output transformer isolation for safety, a unity input power factor for minimum reactive power, high efficiency and high power density for minimum weight and volume. Compared with previously developed 3-phase two-stage power converter, the advantage of the proposed converter does not require expensive high voltage and high current devices that are normally needed in popular boost type 3-phase converter. In this paper, a detailed small signal analysis of the modular 3-phase AC-DC flyback converter is provided for control purposes and also experimental results are included to confirm the validity of the analysis.

This paper presents a simple high power audio class amplifier which is controlled by a new current control switching method. Although this class D amplifier has an only one current control loop with the proposed switching method, a good performance can be obtained. And a novel switching strategy for driving stereo signal amplifier circuit with three phase full bridge is discussed also. With the simulation and experimental results, usefulness of the proposed amplifier is confirmed.

The dead time which is inserted in switching signals of PWM voltage source inverters distorts its output. As a result, the deviations of real fundamental voltage and phase compared with the reference are occurred. And also the harmonics on its output are increased. In this paper, numerical analysis of the error voltage on the output of inverter according to the switching dead time is presented. And the calculation results of fundamental voltage gain and phase deviations are presented

The small signal model for input series-output parallel connected converter system employing charge control together with input capacitor voltage feedback loop is developed. From the model developed, the effect of input capacitor voltage feedback loop to the system stability and outer loop compensator design is analyzed. Theoretical results and simulation show that input capacitor voltage feedback loop has no critical effects on the system stability, so the system can be reduced to a equivalent single module for the stability analysis and outer loop compensator design.

To prevent the short circuit of upper and lower arms of bridge type PWM converters as like a voltage source inverter and PWM AC/DC converter, the dead time is inserted in between two switching signals. As a result, unexpected errors are occurred. In this paper, a new dead time minimization method is proposed. According to the proposed method, very short time which is equal to the applied dead time or more short than it, is adopted at the time of current polarity is changing. Moreover, it can be operated with the polarity information of reference current in case of current control. With the experimental results. the varidity of proposed method is verified.

DC and small-signal ac characteristics are examined for a pulse-width modulated (PWM) dc-dc buck-boost converter with a peak voltage modulation (PVM) feedforward control. Circuit model is used to derive an expression for the output voltage in terms of the input voltage and load resistance. Small-signal circuit model is used to derive the input-to-output voltage transfer function (audiosusceptibility).

Various methods for estimation of residual charge of the lead-acid battery have been proposed. But no method can estimate accurately the residual capacity. A new method is proposed in this paper. And experiments were performed for verification of the proposed estimation method.

본 논문은 제주-해남간 HVDC 시스템을 EMTP와 EMTDC에 이용하기 위해서 필요한 제어기의 모델링을 제시하였다. 본 논문에는 HVDC 시스템의 모델링에서 많이 보이는 최대 선택기나 최소 선택기 그리고 과도 상태에서 보호와 같은 요소를 실제적으로 어떤 하드웨어를 이용하여 구현되는지를 보여 주고 있다.

본 논문은 HVDC 시스템의 최대 송전능력을 다루었다. HVDC 시스템은 AC 시스템과 연결되는 부분에서 DC출력의 60%정도의 무효 전력을 소비한다. 그러므로 상대적으로 약한 AC 시스템에 연결될 경우에는 전압 안정도(Voltage Stability)문제를 유발할 수 있다. 이러한 전압 안정도가 HVDC의 최대 송전 전력을 결정하는 주된 요인이다.

The conducted noises mainly emitted from PWM DC power supply have a periodicity with respect to switching frequency, and especially center at the switching frequency and the discrete harmonic frequencies. The concentration of noise energy at these discrete frequencies makes it harder to meet EMI regulations. To reduce the conducted noises, this paper presents the novel FM-PWM control method by using random switching frequency modulation control. This control makes it to generate the noises of side bands by shattering emission spectrum, and to reduce the peak level of conducted noises.

Power electronic loads inject harmonic currents into the utility system. The large increase of power consumption will inevitably lead to deteriorating power quality due to the popularization of switch-mode power electronic equipment. In this paper, a periodic voltage is injected in the control circuit to vary duty cycle of the rectifier switch within a line cycle so that the fifth-order harmonic of the input current is reduced to meet the IEC 61000-3-2 requirement. Experimental results are presented to confirm the validity of this method.

The rotor position information is needed to control the speed of SRM(Switched Reluctance Motor). The information of the rotor position have been generally acquired by using the encoder or the resolver. Speed sensors, however, occasionally malfunction under the hostile environment such as EMI, dust, high temperature and humidity, etc. There have been many efforts to drive the motor without speed sensors. In this paper, the EKF(Extanded Kalman Filter) theory is proposed to drive the SRM without speed sensors. Proposed method keeps a robust speed estimation performance against the input noise because it includes a noise model of measuring noise within the system. The validity of the proposed method has been examined by simulations.

In this paper, an auto-tuning method for fuzzy logic controller based on the genetic algorithm is presented. In the proposed method, normalization parameters and membership function parameters of fuzzy controller are translated into binary bit-strings, which are processed by the genetic algorithm in order to be optimized for the well-chosen objective function (i.e. fitness function). To examine the validity of the proposed method. a genetic algorithm based fuzzy controller for an indirect vector control of induction motors is simulated and experiment is carried out. The simulation and experimental results show a significant enhancement in shortening development time and improving system performance over a traditional manually tuned fuzzy logic controller.

Recently, the eddy current braking system has an advantage as the high speed railway train is developed. Because it is independent on wheel-rail coefficient of adhesion and it can be used in adverse weather conditions by reason of non-acting on wheels. In this paper we designed down-scaled eddy current brake model and developed control algorithm to generate constant braking torque. Our algorithm is verified through experiments to generate constant torque.

This Paper describes the design of an induction motor control using the TMS320C32 Digital Signal Processor and the ADMC201 motion coprocessor. Presented hardware architecture can be used for several industry applications with wide range of speed control, e.g. elevator and cranes application, servo motor, electrical vehicles. The main purpose of the paper is demonstration of the implementation and maximum utilization of the ADMC201 motion coprocessor in digital vector control system for AC drives.

This paper presents the field weakening base speed considering stator resistance effect. It uses the algorithm of estimating rotor and stator resistance to compensate resistance variation. And by using estimated stator resistnace the field weakening base speed is determinded. Simulation results demonstating the effectiveness of this method.

This paper describes the development of the linear pulse motor (herea-fter, LPM) and the driver system to control the quantity of fuel in the nuclear furnace. The LPM developed in this study is a kind of the linear motor with the properties of moving up and down, and both the stator and the mover of the LPM are designed as the salient type. Especially, the stator has windings but there is no windings or magnet on the mover. To Maximize the characteristics of the LPM, we chose the asymmetric bridge converter as the driving system for LPM.

ASIC chip design for motor control has been a subject of increasing interest since effective system-on-a-chip design methodology was developed. This paper investigates the design and implementation of ASIC chip for speed control of induction motor using VHDL which is a standarded hardware description language. The presented system is implemented using a simple electronic circuit based on FPGA.

In this paper, we analyzed the characteristics of the detected EMF signals used to detect the rotor position in the IPM(Interior Permanent Magnet) BLDC motor and SPM (Surface Permanent Magnet) BLDC motor. The position sensing signal, in the IPM BLDC motors, advances the real rotor position due to the variation of the rotor inductances. This fact was verified by the simulation and experiment.

The information of the motor speed and flux are more necessary than the other informations which have to get for the induction motor drive. which is the exact informations of the speed and flux are known without the speed and flux sensors, many problems for induction motor drive will be solved. In this paper, it is studied on the method able to get the informations of the speed and the flux for the induction motor. The informations for the rotator speed and flux of the induction motor are estimated exactly and rapidly by the observer system proposed in this paper and the induction motor is controlled by those informations of the speed and flux exactly and rapidly by the fuzzy controller set in the observer system.

This paper introduces a new rotor position estimation algorithm for the SRM, based on the magnetizing curves only at aligned and unaligned rotor positions. Through basic test method, the complete SRM magenetizing characterization is first constructed, and then used to estimate the rotor position. And also, the optimized phase is selected by phase selector. To demonstrate the promise of this approach. the proposed rotor position estimation algorithm is simulated for variable speed range.

This paper discusses the basic principle of vector control applied to induction motors. A indirect strategy for impressed stator currents control is used for system modeling. IRFOC for induction motor was modelled using "Matlab with Simulink" IRFOC be applied to 15kW induction motor is simulated in different conditions; step changes in torque at a fixed reference speed, and cyclic change of speed reference. Simulation result considering the variation of stator, rotor resistance includes the response of speed, torque and rotor d-q fluxes.

포항가속기의 선형가속기 buncher 및 prebuncher 시스템은 가속기 건설 시에 중국의 IHEP로부터 도입된 것이다. 전체적인 시스템은 완성되었으나, 그 동안 몇 가지의 문제점이 있어, 제한된 조건하에서 사용해왔다. 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하여 선형가속기 기계장치를 이용한 연구를 활성화하고 보다 나은 전자빔을 공급해주기 위하여 일부 기계장치를 포함한 모터 및 구동부, 제어부등에 대한 성능개선을 하였고 현장 시험과 설치를 완료하였다. 특히 모터는 설치가 간단하고 정밀한 제어를 할 수 있는 5선 식 5상 스텝 모터를 사용하였고, 구동부는 MOSFET을 이용한 정 전류 초핑 방식을 채택하여 크기와 발열량을 줄였다. 그리고, 제어부는 4축의 독립된 유닛이 단일의 RS485 직렬 접속에 의해서 원격으로 제어가 가능하도록 구성하였다.

This paper describes the vector control of a single-phase induction motor drive system to improve the dynamic performance for low power applications. Using auxiliary winding which is only utilized for starting, the single-phase induction motor is regarded as the unsymmetrical two-phase motor. This paper shows that the vector control of single-phase induction motor with new method achieves the high performance of the motor. The results of the new method are illustrated by the simulations.

Many electronic ballasts for low pressure discharge lamps as fluorescent lamps are produced and commercialized. However, the electronic ballasts for high pressure lamps are now in progress to because of poor reliability and high cost of production. To obtain the confidence of electronic ballasts, it is necessary to prolong the life time of output switches. A variable frequency driver for inverter switches that can control the magnitude of output current with temperature of switches was designed and simulated. A conditions for circuit design are 22kHz : standard frequency, $100^{\circ}C$: standard temperature, $I_{peak}$ : 0.76A, and $V_{peak}$ : 184V, respectively. By simulation, as the temperature exceed a standard temperature, the frequency was increased up to 40kHz. However, the current and voltage that flow through switchs were decreased to 0.507A and 121V at $150^{\circ}C$, respectively.

A fast switching gate driver suitable for high performance self resonant electronic ballasts is presented. The proposed gate driver has negligible switching loss and driving loss owing to pnpn structure and zero voltage switching( ZVS ); moreover, the gate driver has frequency control capability. Therefore, a self resonant inverter using proposed gate driver can operate as external exciting resonant inverters. The experiments confirm that the proposed gate driver perform the desired operations over full power control range for 40W fluorescent lamp electronic ballast.

In this paper, a mixed mode exciting resonant inverter topology applicable to high performance electronic ballast is presented. Mixed mode exciting technique combines the attractive features of self exciting resonant inverter with those of external exciting one. The control IC is designed and manufactured by using a 0.8um CMOS process for 5V operation and has only 8 pins. This performs the operations of filament preheating, dimming control, output power regulation and protections. The mixed mode exciting resonant inverter with control IC has very simple structure, high performance and expensive manufacturing cost.

This paper deals with the design of the HPS electronic ballast, which consists of the ignitor for turning-up and the resonant converter for driving the lamp. Also it contains Power Factor Controller to improve the electronic efficiencies such as power factor, crest factor, low distortion, etc. To make this circuit, it is necessary to simulate it on the computer before we implement it actually. In this paper, we try to modelize the HPS lamp and ballast, and have experiments with 150 watt-HPS lamp from Kwangjunsa.

본 논문에서는 컴팩트 형광램프용 조도제어형 전자식 안정기의 각 동작 모드별 해석과 설계 및 실험적 고찰을 제시한다. 부스트 컨버터와 해프브리지형 고주파 공진형 인버터를 결합한 일단계 인버터 안정기를 제안하고 그 기본동작 및 특성에 관해 검토한다. 역률을 높이기 위한 방법으로 부스트단에서는 전류불연속 모드로 동작하도록 하였다. 전력 손실을 줄이기 위해 직렬 공진형 인버터는 영전압 영전류 스위칭 방식을 적용하였다. 출력 전압을 조정할 수 있도록 설계하여 조도제어를 구현하였으며 다단계의 조도제어가 가능해진다. 전자식 안정기 시스템을 구성하기 위한 이론적인 근거를 마련하기 위하여 공진형 인버터를 동작 모드별로 해석하고 그 결과를 토대로 동작주파수 및 회로정수를 결정하며, 실제 전자식 안정기를 제작하여 시동특성과 조광특성을 비교 분석하였다. 36W 형광램프에 대한 실험 결과와 등가회로 모델에 의한 Pspice 시뮬레이션 결과를 토대로 제안한 전자식 안정기의 적용가능성을 입증하였다.

Several power factor correction(PFC) circuits are presented to achieve high PF electronic ballast for both voltage-fed and current-fed electronic ballast. The proposed PFC circuits use valley-fill(VF) type DC-link stages modified from the conventional VF circuit to adopt the charge pumping method for PFC operations during the valley intervals. In voltage-fed ballast, charge pump capacitors are connected with the resonant capacitors. In current-fed type, the charge pump capacitors are connected with the additional secondary-side of the power transformer. The measured PF and THD are higher than 0.99 and 15% for all proposed PFC circuits. The lamp current CF is also acceptable in the proposed circuits. The proposed circuit is suitable for implementing cost-effective electronic ballast.

A new circuit, modified valley fill (MVF) combined with resonant inductor of the self-excited resonant inverter and charge pump capacitors(CPCs), is presented to achieve high PF electronic ballast providing sufficient preheat current to lamp filaments for soft start maintaining low DC bus voltage. The MVF can adjust the valley voltage higher than half the peak line voltage. The CPCs draw the current from the input line to make up the current waveform during the valley interval. The measured PF and THD are 0.99 and 12%, respectively. The lamp current CF is also acceptable in the proposed circuit. The proposed circuit is suitable for implementing cost-effective electronic ballast.

An unified controller for emergency generator is presented to control AVR and Governor and l00kVA power conditioner. This controller is operated to compensate current harmonics and asymmetries caused by nonlinear load and unbalance loads. The power conditioner shapes the source current sinusoidal in phase with source voltage and allows the generator to maximum power even to the single phase load. Also this power conditioner allows that three phase generator synchronizes with single phase main source and load sharing. An l00kVA generator system was built and the unified controller is realized with DSP(TMS320C32PCMA). Experimental results for many load conditions are presented to verify the performance of the unified controller.

This paper presents a voltage regulator for an AC power supply. It is designed to have the band Pass filter characteristic for the system to be free from DC-offset or sub-frequency fluctuation in the output voltage wave