Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Korean Nuclear Society (한국원자력학회)
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Radiological, environmental, and structural investigations of Wadi El Markh granitic rocks, southeastern desert, Egypt

  • Mahmoud R. Khattab (Nuclear Materials Authority (NMA)) ;
  • Waheed H. Mohamed (Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University) ;
  • Said A. Shetaia (Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University) ;
  • Mohamed S. Ahmed (Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University) ;
  • Sherif A. Taalab (Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University) ;
  • Diaa A. Saadawi (Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University) ;
  • Ahmed K. Sakr (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Hull) ;
  • Mayeen Uddin Khandaker (Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies Group, CCDCU, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University) ;
  • A.Sh.M. Elshoukrofy (Faculty of Science, Damanhur University) ;
  • Mohamed Y. Hanfi (Nuclear Materials Authority (NMA))
  • Received : 2024.04.13
  • Accepted : 2024.06.11
  • Published : 2024.11.25
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Abstract

The radiological and environmental hazards of Wadi El Markh granitic rocks were investigated, and magnetic data were used to delineate the structural framework and determine the bedrock depth in the area. The result displayed that geological structures influence the occurrence of uranium mineralization in this area and are mainly associated with altered granitic formations. The activity concentrations of radioisotopes in the regions studied showed a range of values: 238U varied between 345 and 1729 Bq.kg-1, averaging 980 Bq.kg-1; 232Th ranged from 73 to 162 Bq.kg-1, with an average of 120 Bq.kg-1; and 40K varied from 829 to 1790 Bq.kg-1, average 1245 Bq.kg-1. The measured concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in the analyzed granitic rocks samples exceeded the worldwide average of 35, 45, and 412 Bq.kg-1, respectively. The primary radiological risks related to these granitic rocks were associated with the gamma radiation emitted by the radioactive elements. The statistical assessment confirmed that the main contributors to the radiological risks were uranium, potassium, and associated minerals in the granitic rocks. The entire investigation region has been determined to exceed the permissible safe radiation dose rate limit of 1 mSv/year. As a result, the study determined that the granitic rocks in the surveyed area were deemed unsuitable for construction because of their elevated levels of radioactivity. The effects of pollution on the ecological system were evaluated using several ecological indices, including the Geoaccumulation index (Igeo), Contamination factor (CF), Degree of Contamination (Cd), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Potential ecological risk factor (Eri), and Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI). Based on Cd and PLI, 100 % of the samples were found to be very highly polluted to the ecological system and suggest deterioration if used. Regarding RI, the metals were arranged as Cd > As > Co > Cu > Pb > Cr > V > Zn, with considerable risk in all samples.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work is funded by the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2024R455), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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