Journal of Christian Education in Korea (기독교교육논총)

The Korean Society of Christian Religious Education (한국기독교교육학회)
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A Study on the Longitudinal Relationship Analysis among Physical activity, Sleep Quality, Depression in Middle School Students using Latent growth modeling

잠재성장모형을 활용한 중학생의 신체활동, 수면의 질, 우울의 종단적 관계 연구

  • Received : 2024.08.22
  • Accepted : 2024.09.29
  • Published : 2024.09.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore the changes over time in physical activity, sleep quality, and depression among middle school students, and to examine the longitudinal mediating effect of sleep quality on the relationship between physical activity and depression. By doing so, this study aims to provide an opportunity to understand and predict depression in middle school students, and to offer foundational data for the development of appropriate educational interventions at different stages. To achieve this, a multivariate latent growth model analysis was conducted using the longitudinal panel data from the first (1st year of middle school), second (2nd year of middle school), and third years (3rd year of middle school) of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 (KCYPS 2018) conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute. The results of the study revealed that all three variables-physical activity, sleep quality, and depression-significantly decreased over time. Additionally, the initial value of physical activity were found to have a significant positive effect on the initial value of sleep quality and a significant negative effect on the initial levels of depression. Moreover, the initial value of sleep quality were found to have a significant negative effect on the initial levels of depression. The longitudinal mediating effect of sleep quality on the relationship between physical activity and depression among middle school students was confirmed, with sleep quality showing a significant mediating effect. In conclusion, this study longitudinally analyzed how physical activity and sleep quality affect depressive symptoms in middle school students, confirming that these three variables interact significantly over time. This suggests that promoting physical activity and maintaining adequate sleep are essential for enhancing the mental health of middle school students, thereby contributing to the prevention and improvement of depression in this age group. Future research is needed to explore longitudinal changes in these variables among elementary, middle, and high school students, investigate factors related to sleep quality, develop strategies to improve sleep quality, and examine how various mental health issues interact with different variables.

연구 목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 중학생의 신체활동, 수면의 질, 우울 변인의 시간에 따른 변화와 변인 간 영향력을 탐색하고, 수면의 질이 신체활동과 우울의 관계에 미치는 종단매개 효과를 확인함으로써 중학생들의 우울감을 이해하고 예측할 수 있는 기회를 제공하고 각 시기에 따른 적절한 교육적 중재 방안 마련을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 함이다. 연구 내용 및 방법 : 이를 위하여 한국청소년정책연구원의 한국 아동.청소년패널조사 2018(KYCPS 2018)의 중학생 1차년도(중1), 2차년도(중2), 3차년도(중3)의 종단 패널자료를 사용하여 다변량 잠재성장모형분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 신체활동, 수면의 질, 우울 세 변인 모두 시간의 경과에 따라 점차 유의하게 감소하고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 신체활동, 수면의 질, 우울의 세 변인간 구조적 관계를 확인하기 위하여 각 변인의 초기치를 분석하고 다음으로 시간의 흐름에 따른 변인간 관계를 분석한 결과 신체활동 초기치는 수면의 질 초기치에 유의한 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 신체활동 초기치는 우울 초기치에 유의한 부적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 수면의 질 초기치는 우울 초기치에 유의한 부적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 중학생의 수면의 질이 신체활동과 우울의 관계에 미치는 종단매개 효과를 검증한 결과 수면의 질은 신체활동과 우울사이에서 유의한 매개효과를 지니는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 및 제언 : 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해 중학생의 신체활동과 수면의 질이 우울 증상에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지에 대해 종단적으로 분석한 결과 세 변인이 시간의 흐름에 따라 중요한 상호작용을 한다는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 신체활동을 촉진하고, 적절한 수면을 유지하는 것이 중학생의 정신 건강을 증진하는 데 필수적임을 시사하며 이를 통해 중학생의 우울을 예방하고 개선하는데 기여할 것으로 기대한다. 추후 세 변인에 대한 초 . 중 . 고등학생의 종단적 변화 탐색 연구, 수면의 질과 관련된 변인 탐색연구, 수면의 질을 높이기 위한 연구, 우울 변인 이외 다양한 정신건강 문제가 어떻게 다양한 변수와 서로 교호작용 되는지에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2022년 예수대학교 교내 학술연구비 지원에 의해 연구되었음

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