Geomechanics and Engineering

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Dynamic-tracking investigation and evaluation method for rock mass engineering characteristics of adverse geologic phenomena during construction

  • Yihan Du (School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University) ;
  • Wei Han (School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University) ;
  • Dexin Nie (College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology) ;
  • Yufeng Wei (College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology) ;
  • Mo Zhang (College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology)
  • Received : 2021.05.06
  • Accepted : 2024.10.13
  • Published : 2024.11.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In large-scale engineering construction, there are many cases of highly concealed adverse geological phenomena (HCAGP) at certain scale that are not revealed until excavation. It is crucial to ascertain their geological characteristics and rapidly formulate treatment since they often have enormous negative impacts on the project. However, conventional exploration and evaluation methods are not suitable for HCAGP due to the long acquisition time and strict requirements. Therefore, this paper proposes a dynamic-tracking investigation and evaluation method (DTIEM), which carries out a series of fast and effective techniques, including down-the-hole (DTH) drilling, cross-inclined holes, seismic tomography and P-wave velocity (VP) tests, for preliminary data of HCAGP. Then, an initial treatment plan is proposed to guide the construction. Subsequently, the initial data of the HCAGP are tracked and revised until the end of construction. This method was applied to a deep groove at a hydropower station, which was exposed when the excavation of dam section 11. The results show that by using the DTIEM, the preliminary engineering characteristics of the deep groove were obtained quickly. The rock mass quality of the top deep groove was grade III2 with 9.82 GPa, the middle part was grade III1 with 15.07 GPa, and the bottom part was grade II with 19.68 GPa. The quality of rock mass gradually increases with the increase of depth. From the numerical simulation, the maximum additional displacement is about 20 mm at the dam crest, 4 ~ 7 mm at the dam heel, and 2 ~ 5 mm at the dam toe. The numerical simulation and monitoring results show that the stress and strain of the dam and foundation are within a safe range in each stage. Thus, the proposed method is feasible.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work described in this paper is fully funded by the Natural Science Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province (grant No. 2022AH050963 and 2024AH050107); the Start Fund of Talent Introduction of Anhui Polytechnic University (grant No. 2023YQQ016).

References

  1. Alemdag, S., Gurocak, Z., Cevik, A., Cabalar, A.F. and Gokceoglu, C. (2015), "Modeling deformation modulus of a stratified sedimentary rock mass using neural network, fuzzy inference and genetic programming", Eng. Geol., 203, 70-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.12.002.
  2. Aydan, O., Ulusay, R. and Tokashiki, N. (2014), "A new rock mass quality rating system: Rock Mass Quality Rating (RMQR) and its application to the estimation of geomechanical characteristics of rock masses", Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 47(4), 1255-1276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-013-0462-z.
  3. Bednarek, U. and Majcherczyk, T. (2020), "An analysis of rock mass characteristics which influence the choice of support". Geomech. Eng., 21(4), 371-377. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.21.4.371.
  4. Cai M., Kaiser P.K., Uno H., Tasaka Y. and Minami M. (2004), "Estimation of rock mass deformation modulus and strength of jointed hard rock masses using the GSI system", Int. J. Rock Mech. Min., 41(1), 3-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1365-1609(03)00025-X.
  5. Chen, Y.L., Han, K. and Chen, Y.X. (2015), "Application of controlled source audio magnetotelluric method in karst collapse investigation", Prog. Geophys., 30(6), 2616-2622. https://doi.org/10.CNKI:SUN:DQWJ.0.2015-06-021. https://doi.org/10.CNKI:SUN:DQWJ.0.2015-06-021
  6. Feng, Y.D. and Yang, J. (2009), "Application of integrated geophysical prospecting in the exploration of deep overburden in riverbed", Chin. J. Eng. Geophys., 6(2), 208-211. https://doi.org/10.CNKI:SUN:GCDQ.0.2009-02-017. https://doi.org/10.CNKI:SUN:GCDQ.0.2009-02-017
  7. Hasan, M., Shang, Y., Yi, X., Shao, P. and Meng, H. (2023), "Determination of rock quality designation (RQD) using a novel geophysical approach: a case study", B. Eng. Geol. Environ., 82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-023-03113-7.
  8. Jiang, X.W., Wan, L., Wang, X.S., Wu, X. and Cheng, H.H. (2009), "Estimation of depth-dependent hydraulic conductivity and deformation modulus using RQD", Rock Soil Mech., 30(10), 3163-3167. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1874-8651(10)60073-7.
  9. Kahraman, S. and Yeken, T. (2008), "Determination of physical properties of carbonate rocks from P-wave velocity", B. Eng. Geol. Environ., 67, 277-281.
  10. Kim, J.W., Chong, S.H., Cho, G.C. and Song, K.I. (2020), "Preliminary numerical study on long-wavelength wave propagation in a jointed rock mass", Geomech. Eng., 21(3), 227-236. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.21.3.227.
  11. Kim, J.S., Kim, G.Y., Baik, M.H. and et al. (2019), "A new approach for quantitative damage assessment of in situ rock mass by acoustic emission", Geomech. Eng., 18(1), 11-20. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2019.18.1.011.
  12. Kim, J.W., Chong, S.H. and Cho, G.C. (2022), "Probabilistic Q-system for rock classification considering shear wave propagation in jointed rock mass", Geomech. Eng., 30(5), 449-460. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2022.30.5.449.
  13. Liu, S.H. (2016), "Sludging of soft interlayer in Bapanxia dam foundation and dam safety analysis", Northwest Hydropower, (4), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-2610.2016.04.003.
  14. Lu, X.Y., Gao, P.F., Xiao, G.Q., et al. (1996), "Quality acceptance criteria for rock mass on foundation surface of Three Gorges Dam", Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng., 15(10), 599-604. https://doi.org/10.ConferenceArticle/5aa742e2c095d72220fb99bf. https://doi.org/10.ConferenceArticle/5aa742e2c095d72220fb99bf
  15. Palmstrom, A. and Singh, R. (2001), "The deformation modulus of rock masses comparisons between in situ tests and indirect estimates", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 16(2), 115-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-7798(01)00038-4.
  16. Pappalardo, G. (2015), "Correlation between P-wave velocity and physical-mechanical properties of intensely jointed dolostones, peloritani mounts, NE sicily", Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 48(4), 1711-1721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-014-0607-8.
  17. Que, X., Zhu, Z., He, Y., Niu, Z. and Huang, H. (2023), "Strength and deformation characteristics of irregular columnar jointed rock mass: A combined experimental and theoretical study", J. Rock Mech. Geotech., 15(2), 429-441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2022.03.007.
  18. Rezaei, M. and Davoodi, P.K. (2019), "Determining the relationship between shear wave velocity and physicomechanical properties of rocks", Int. J. Min. Geo-Eng., 55(1), 65-72. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJMGE.2019.275851.594782.
  19. Rezaei, M. and Habibi, H. (2023), "Designing of the Beheshtabad water transmission tunnel based on the hybrid empirical method", Struct. Eng. Mech., 86(5), 621-633. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2023.86.5.621.
  20. Rezaei, M. and Rajabi, M. (2021), "Assessment of plastic zones surrounding the power station cavern using numerical, fuzzy and statistical models", Eng. Comput-Germany, 37, 1499-1518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-019-00900-3.
  21. Sarkar, K., Vishal, V. and Singh, T.N. (2012), "An empirical correlation of index geomechanical parameters with the compressional wave velocity", Geotech. Geol. Eng., 30, 469-479.
  22. Song, Y.H., Ju, G.H. and Sun, M. (2011), "Relationship between wave velocity and deformation modulus of rock masses", Rock Soil Mech., 32(5), 1507-1513. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1000185.
  23. Yalcin, E., Gurocak, Z., Ghabchi, R. and Zaman, M. (2016), "Numerical analysis for a realistic support design: Case study of the Komurhan tunnel in Eastern Turkey", Int. J. Geomech., 16(3), https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000564.
  24. Yin, M.L., Zhang, J.X., Jiang, Y.S., Jiang, H. and Shang, X.X. (2021), "Study on structural plane category modification of rock mass integrity coefficient characterized by rock mass volume joint number", Rock Soil Mech., 51(11), 7. https://doi.org/10.16285/j.rsm.2020.0663.
  25. Yu, S. (2007), "Analysis of deep anti-sliding stability of dam foundation in two dam sections of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station", Ph.D. Dissertation, China University of Geosciences, Beijing.
  26. Zhang, Y. (2010), "Advanced information analysis and optimization research on foundation rock mass of high concrete gravity dam", Ph.D. thesis, College of environment & civil engineering, Chengdu university of technology, Chengdu, China.