Nutrition Research and Practice

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Liquid collagen from freshwater fish skin ameliorates hydration, roughness and elasticity in photo-aged skin: a randomized, controlled, clinical study

  • Joong Su Lee (Healthcare & Nutrition Laboratory, Amicogen, Inc.) ;
  • Yeo Cho Yoon (Healthcare & Nutrition Laboratory, Amicogen, Inc.) ;
  • Ju Myung Kim (Healthcare & Nutrition Laboratory, Amicogen, Inc.) ;
  • Yun-Ho Kim (Healthcare & Nutrition Laboratory, Amicogen, Inc.) ;
  • Young-Hee Kang (Department of Food and Nutrition and Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University) ;
  • Yong Chul Shin (Amicogen, Inc.)
  • Received : 2023.11.22
  • Accepted : 2024.05.09
  • Published : 2024.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Collagen is commonly used in diverse forms as a functional component in skincare products. On the other hand, the effects of collagen on human skin are controversial. Dietary collagen hydrolysates from freshwater Pangasius hypophthalmus fish skin ameliorated photo-aged skin of hairless mice. This study conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to determine if liquid fish collagen (Collagen-Tripep20TM, Tripep20) as a drink strengthens skin health and quality. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In this clinical trial, 85 subjects aged 35-60 yrs were diagnosed with photo-aged skin. Eighty-five subjects were randomized to receive either Tripep20 (n = 44) or placebo (n = 41). Seventy-eight subjects fully participating for a 12-week period consumed 1,000 mg of Tripep20 (n = 41) or placebo (n = 37) in a 50-mL bottle as a daily drink. The intend-to-treat and per-protocol populations were 85 and 78, respectively. Skin hydration, wrinkles, and elasticity were assessed at 0 (baseline), 6, and 12 weeks during the study period. RESULTS: Skin hydration in the Tripep20 group was significantly higher from 6 weeks (P < 0.001) than the baseline. After 12 weeks, the Crow's-feet visual score and skin roughness (Ra, Rq, and Rmax) were significantly improved in the Tripep20 group than in the placebo group (P < 0.05). Consuming liquid collagen Tripep20 greatly enhanced skin elasticity (Gross R2, Net R5, and Biological elasticity R7) in 6 weeks compared to the placebo group. The Tripep20 group showed a significant increase in skin elasticity from the baseline after 6 and 12 weeks (P < 0.001). Neither abnormal symptoms nor adverse events were encountered during the study period in subjects ingesting Tripep20 or placebo. The changes in parameters related to hematology and clinical chemistry were within the normal ranges. CONCLUSION: Oral consumption of liquid collagen Tripep20 was safe and well-tolerated. The results of this study show that freshwater fish-derived liquid collagen Tripep20 can be used as a healthy functional food ingredient to improve skin moisturizing, anti-wrinkling, and elasticity in an aging population.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful to the patients who participated in the study.

References

  1. Chambers ES, Vukmanovic-Stejic M. Skin barrier immunity and ageing. Immunology 2020;160:116-25.
  2. Kelly RI, Pearse R, Bull RH, Leveque JL, de Rigal J, Mortimer PS. The effects of aging on the cutaneous microvasculature. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995;33:749-56.
  3. Chung JH, Yano K, Lee MK, Youn CS, Seo JY, Kim KH, Cho KH, Eun HC, Detmar M. Differential effects of photoaging vs intrinsic aging on the vascularization of human skin. Arch Dermatol 2002;138:1437-42.
  4. Ichihashi M, Ando H, Yoshida M, Niki Y, Matsui M. Photoaging of the skin. Anti-aging Medicine 2009;6:46-59.
  5. Pyun HB, Kim M, Park J, Sakai Y, Numata N, Shin JY, Shin HJ, Kim DU, Hwang JK. Effects of collagen tripeptide supplement on photoaging and epidermal skin barrier in UVB-exposed hairless mice. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2012;17:245-53.
  6. Averbeck M, Gebhardt CA, Voigt S, Beilharz S, Anderegg U, Termeer CC, Sleeman JP, Simon JC. Differential regulation of hyaluronan metabolism in the epidermal and dermal compartments of human skin by UVB irradiation. J Invest Dermatol 2007;127:687-97.
  7. Quan T, Fisher GJ. Role of age-associated alterations of the dermal extracellular matrix microenvironment in human skin aging: a mini-review. Gerontology 2015;61:427-34.
  8. Shoulders MD, Raines RT. Collagen structure and stability. Annu Rev Biochem 2009;78:929-58.
  9. Ramshaw JA, Shah NK, Brodsky B. Gly-X-Y tripeptide frequencies in collagen: a context for host-guest triple-helical peptides. J Struct Biol 1998;122:86-91.
  10. Yazaki M, Ito Y, Yamada M, Goulas S, Teramoto S, Nakaya MA, Ohno S, Yamaguchi K. Oral ingestion of collagen hydrolysate leads to the transportation of highly concentrated Gly-Pro-Hyp and its hydrolyzed form of Pro-Hyp into the bloodstream and skin. J Agric Food Chem 2017;65:2315-22.
  11. Sontakke SB, Jung JH, Piao Z, Chung HJ. Orally available collagen tripeptide: enzymatic stability, intestinal permeability, and absorption of Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp. J Agric Food Chem 2016;64:7127-33.
  12. Aito-Inoue M, Lackeyram D, Fan MZ, Sato K, Mine Y. Transport of a tripeptide, Gly-Pro-Hyp, across the porcine intestinal brush-border membrane. J Pept Sci 2007;13:468-74.
  13. Kang MK, Kim DY, Oh H, Kim SI, Oh SY, Na W, Park SH, Park K, Kim JI, Kim AH, et al. Dietary collagen hydrolysates ameliorate furrowed and parched skin caused by photoaging in hairless mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021;22:6137.
  14. Kim DU, Chung HC, Choi J, Sakai Y, Lee BY. Oral intake of low-molecular-weight collagen peptide improves hydration, elasticity, and wrinkling in human skin: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutrients 2018;10:826.
  15. Tak YJ, Shin DK, Kim AH, Kim JI, Lee YL, Ko HC, Kim YW, Lee SY. Effect of collagen tripeptide and adjusting for climate change on skin hydration in middle-aged women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021;7:608903.
  16. Morikiri Y, Matsuta E, Inoue H. The collagen-derived compound collagen tripeptide induces collagen expression and extends lifespan via a conserved p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018;505:1168-73.
  17. Evans M, Lewis ED, Zakaria N, Pelipyagina T, Guthrie N. A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study to evaluate the efficacy of a freshwater marine collagen on skin wrinkles and elasticity. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021;20:825-34.
  18. Reagan-Shaw S, Nihal M, Ahmad N. Dose translation from animal to human studies revisited. FASEB J 2008;22:659-61.
  19. Proksch E, Segger D, Degwert J, Schunck M, Zague V, Oesser S. Oral supplementation of specific collagen peptides has beneficial effects on human skin physiology: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2014;27:47-55.
  20. Choi SY, Ko EJ, Lee YH, Kim BG, Shin HJ, Seo DB, Lee SJ, Kim BJ, Kim MN. Effects of collagen tripeptide supplement on skin properties: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2014;16:132-7.
  21. Inoue N, Sugihara F, Wang X. Ingestion of bioactive collagen hydrolysates enhance facial skin moisture and elasticity and reduce facial ageing signs in a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study. J Sci Food Agric 2016;96:4077-81.
  22. Chung JH, Lee SH, Youn CS, Park BJ, Kim KH, Park KC, Cho KH, Eun HC. Cutaneous photodamage in Koreans: influence of sex, sun exposure, smoking, and skin color. Arch Dermatol 2001;137:1043-51.
  23. Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J, Sterry W, Hodin MW, Griffiths TW, Watson RE, Hay RJ, Griffiths CE. Age-associated skin conditions and diseases: current perspectives and future options. Gerontologist 2016;56 Suppl 2:S230-42.
  24. Perez-Sanchez A, Barrajon-Catalan E, Herranz-Lopez M, Micol V. Nutraceuticals for skin care: a comprehensive review of human clinical studies. Nutrients 2018;10:403.
  25. Zhang S, Duan E. Fighting against skin aging: the way from bench to bedside. Cell Transplant 2018;27:729-38.
  26. Constantin MM, Poenaru E, Poenaru C, Constantin T. Skin hydration assessment through modern noninvasive bioengineering technologies. Maedica (Buchar) 2014;9:33-8.
  27. Friedman PM, Skover GR, Payonk G, Kauvar AN, Geronemus RG. 3D in-vivo optical skin imaging for topographical quantitative assessment of non-ablative laser technology. Dermatol Surg 2002;28:199-204.
  28. Genovese L, Corbo A, Sibilla S. An insight into the changes in skin texture and properties following dietary intervention with a nutricosmeceutical containing a blend of collagen bioactive peptides and antioxidants. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2017;30:146-58.
  29. Ito N, Seki S, Ueda F. Effects of composite supplement containing collagen peptide and ornithine on skin conditions and plasma IGF-1 levels-a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Mar Drugs 2018;16:482.
  30. Borumand M, Sibilla S. Daily consumption of the collagen supplement Pure Gold Collagen® reduces visible signs of aging. Clin Interv Aging 2014;9:1747-58.
  31. Sibilla S, Borumand M. Effects of a nutritional supplement containing collagen peptides on skin elasticity, hydration and wrinkles. J Med Nutr Nutraceut 2015;4:47.
  32. Proksch E, Schunck M, Zague V, Segger D, Degwert J, Oesser S. Oral intake of specific bioactive collagen peptides reduces skin wrinkles and increases dermal matrix synthesis. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2014;27:113-9.
  33. Heinrich U, Tronnier H, Stahl W, Bejot M, Maurette JM. Antioxidant supplements improve parameters related to skin structure in humans. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2006;19:224-31.
  34. Poljsak B, Dahmane R, Godic A. Skin and antioxidants. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2013;15:107-13. 
  35. Cho HS, Lee MH, Lee JW, No KO, Park SK, Lee HS, Kang S, Cho WG, Park HJ, Oh KW, et al. Anti-wrinkling effects of the mixture of vitamin C, vitamin E, pycnogenol and evening primrose oil, and molecular mechanisms on hairless mouse skin caused by chronic ultraviolet B irradiation. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2007;23:155-62.
  36. Hercberg S, Ezzedine K, Guinot C, Preziosi P, Galan P, Bertrais S, Estaquio C, Briancon S, Favier A, Latreille J, et al. Antioxidant supplementation increases the risk of skin cancers in women but not in men. J Nutr 2007;137:2098-105.
  37. Shin JH, Kim AH, Lee HW, Kim JI, Lee HK. The beneficial effects of collagen tripeptide on deep wrinkling and skin moisturization: a randomized controlled trial. J Food Nutr Res 2021;9:508-15. 
  38. Draelos ZD. The science behind skin care: Moisturizers. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018;17:138-44.
  39. Yamamoto S, Deguchi K, Onuma M, Numata N, Sakai Y. Absorption and urinary excretion of peptides after collagen tripeptide ingestion in humans. Biol Pharm Bull 2016;39:428-34.
  40. Shigemura Y, Iwai K, Morimatsu F, Iwamoto T, Mori T, Oda C, Taira T, Park EY, Nakamura Y, Sato K. Effect of prolyl-hydroxyproline (Pro-Hyp), a food-derived collagen peptide in human blood, on growth of fibroblasts from mouse skin. J Agric Food Chem 2009;57:444-9.
  41. Makpol S, Azura Jam F, Anum Mohd Yusof Y, Zurinah Wan Ngah W. Modulation of collagen synthesis and its gene expression in human skin fibroblasts by tocotrienol-rich fraction. Arch Med Sci 2011;7:889-95.
  42. Turakainen H, Larjava H, Saarni H, Penttinen R. Synthesis of hyaluronic acid and collagen in skin fibroblasts cultured from patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. Biochim Biophys Acta 1980;628:388-97.
  43. Wang Z, Wang Q, Zhong W, Liang F, Guo Y, Wang Y, Wang Z. Moisturizing and antioxidant effects of Artemisia argyi essence liquid in HaCaT keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023;24:6809.
  44. Ishikawa T, Ishikawa O, Miyachi Y. Measurement of skin elastic properties with a new suction device (I): relationship to age, sex and the degree of obesity in normal individuals. J Dermatol 1995;22:713-7.
  45. Gosline J, Lillie M, Carrington E, Guerette P, Ortlepp C, Savage K. Elastic proteins: biological roles and mechanical properties. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2002;357:121-32.