생명과학회지 (Journal of Life Science)

  • 제34권10호
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  • Pages.730-743
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  • 2024
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  • 1225-9918(pISSN)
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  • 2287-3406(eISSN)
한국생명과학회 (Korean Society of Life Science)
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미생물 내성 강화: 산업 생명공학에서의 적응 실험실 진화의 역할

Enhancing Microbial Resilience: The Role of Adaptive Laboratory Evolution in Industrial Biotechnology

  • 마리에스 테아비타 카타리나 (경성대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 주은재 (경성대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 이진호 (경성대학교 식품생명공학과)
  • Theavita Chatarina Mariyes (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, BB21+, Kyungsung University) ;
  • Eun-Jae Ju (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, BB21+, Kyungsung University) ;
  • Jin-Ho Lee (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, BB21+, Kyungsung University)
  • 투고 : 2024.08.21
  • 심사 : 2024.10.08
  • 발행 : 2024.10.30
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초록

산업 생명공학은 지속 가능한 화학물질, 연료, 의약품 생산을 위해 효모와 대장균과 같은 미생물을 활용합니다. 그러나 미생물 생산은 환경 스트레스로 인해 효율성과 경제성이 저해되는 문제에 직면하고 있다. 전통적인 유전공학은 많은 해결책을 제공하지만, 종종 산업적 조건에서 견딜 수 있는 강력한 균주를 만드는 데 어려움이 있다. 적응 실험실 진화는 자연 선택을 모방하여 제어된 환경에서 미생물 내성을 향상시킬 수 있는 좋은 전략으로 부상했다. 적응 실험실 진화는 다양한 미생물에서 유해 화합물, 극한의 pH, 고온 등의 스트레스에 대한 내성을 성공적으로 향상시켰다. 효모에서는 적응 실험실 진화가 에탄올 생산에 중요한 아세트산 및 퓨프랄 내성을 향상시켰다. 또한, 대장균에서는 적응 실험실 진화가 산 스트레스에 대한 저항성을 증가시키고 숙신산과 세린의 생산을 개선했다. 젖산균에서는 적응 실험실 진화가 젖산 생산, 열 및 냉동-해동 스트레스 하에서의 균주 안정성을 증대시켜, 산업적 및 프로바이오틱 응용 분야에 혜택을 주었다. 코리네박테리움 글루타미컴 또한 적응 실험실 진화를 통해 성장률, 스트레스 내성 및 생산 능력에서 상당한 개선을 보였다. 이러한 발전은 다양한 산업 공정을 최적화하는 데 있어 적응 실험실 진화의 역할을 강조하며, 미생물 생명공학에서 강력한 도구임을 입증한다. 본 논문은 적응 실험실 진화의 최신 응용 및 방법을 조명하며, 산업 미생물에 미치는 영향과 지속 가능한 생물 생산을 위한 미래 연구의 잠재력을 보여주었다.

Industrial biotechnology leverages microorganisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli for sustainable production of chemicals, fuels, and pharmaceuticals. However, despite their potential, microbial production faces challenges due to environmental stressors, which impede efficiency and economic feasibility. While traditional genetic engineering offers solutions, it often fails to create robust strains for industrial conditions. Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) has emerged as a potent strategy to enhance microbial resilience by mimicking natural selection under controlled conditions. ALE has successfully improved tolerance to stressors such as toxic compounds, extreme pH, and high temperatures in various microorganisms. In yeasts, ALE has enhanced acetic acid and furfural tolerance, which is crucial for bioethanol production. Similarly, in E. coli, ALE has increased resistance to acid stress and improved production of succinic acid and L-serine. In lactic acid bacteria, ALE has boosted lactic acid production and strain stability under thermal and freeze-thaw stresses, benefiting both industrial and probiotic applications. Corynebacterium glutamicum has also shown significant improvements in growth rates, stress tolerance, and production capabilities through ALE. These advancements underline ALE's role in optimizing microbial strains for diverse industrial processes, making it a powerful tool in microbial biotechnology. This review highlights the latest applications and methods of ALE, emphasizing its impact on industrial microorganisms and potential for future research in sustainable bioproduction.

키워드

과제정보

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. RS-2023-00252347).

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