Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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Risk assessment of water scarcity considering socio-economic characteristics in Gwangju and Jeonnam

광주·전남지역의 사회경제적 특성을 고려한 물부족 위험도 평가

  • Hwang, Se Won (Division for Integrated Water Management, Korea Environment Institute) ;
  • Park, Ju Young (Division for Green Transition, Korea Environment Institute) ;
  • Lee, Moon Hwan (Division for Integrated Water Management, Korea Environment Institute)
  • 황세원 (한국환경연구원 통합물관리연구실) ;
  • 박주영 (한국환경연구원 녹색전환연구실) ;
  • 이문환 (한국환경연구원 통합물관리연구실)
  • Received : 2024.06.17
  • Accepted : 2024.09.09
  • Published : 2024.09.30
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Abstract

Unlike other disasters, the water shortage problem caused by drought is characterized by the long-lasting ripple effect of the social and economic sectors in all regions of Korea, and the types and purposes of water mainly used are different depending on the type of region, so the factors and scale of water shortage damage are different. In this study, a methodology to evaluate the risk of water shortage based on socioeconomic characteristics was developed and applied to Gwangju and Jeollanam-do to analyze the results. To this end, 20 impact indicators for risk, exposure, and vulnerability items were selected according to the climate risk concept of IPCC AR6. The results of the water shortage risk evaluation reflecting socioeconomic characteristics were different from the risk results considering only the existing meteorological and hydrological factors. The areas with the greatest risk of water shortage were calculated as Yeonggwang-eup in Yeonggwang-gun, Yeonsan-dong and Haean-dong 4-ga in Mokpo-si, Jeokryang-dong in Yeosu-si and Geumsan-myeon in Goheung-si. Through the evaluation results, risk factors and countermeasures for water shortage were derived in consideration of detailed characteristics of the region, which can be used as data contributing to the establishment of measures to reduce drought damage tailored to the region in the future.

가뭄으로 인한 물부족 문제는 다른 재해와는 다르게 우리나라 전 지역의 사회·경제 부문의 파급효과가 오랫동안 지속된다는 특징을 지니고 있으며, 지역의 유형에 따라 주로 활용되는 용수의 종류와 목적이 달라 물부족 피해 요인과 규모가 상이하다. 본 연구에서는 사회경제적 특성을 기반으로 물부족 위험도를 평가하는 방법론을 개발하고, 광주와 전남지역에 적용하여 결과를 분석하였다. 이를 위해, IPCC AR6의 기후위험 개념에 따라 위해성(hazard), 노출성(exposure), 취약성(vulnerability) 항목에 대한 20개의 영향 지표를 선정하였다. 사회경제적 특성을 반영한 물부족 위험도 평가 결과는 기존의 기상학적, 수문학적 요인만을 고려한 위험 결과와 다르게 나타났다. 종합적인 위험도 분석 결과, 영광군, 목포시, 여수시, 고흥군의 일부 읍면동에서 높은 위험도를 보였다. 평가결과를 통해 지역의 세부적인 특성을 고려하여 물부족의 위험성 요인과 대응 방안을 도출하였으며, 이는 향후 지역 맞춤형 가뭄 피해 저감 대책 수립에 기여하는 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 결과물은 환경부의 재원으로 한국환경산업기술원의 가뭄대응 물관리 혁신기술 개발사업의 지원을 받아 한국환경연구원에서 연구되었습니다(RS-2023-00230286).

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