Clinical Nutrition Research

The Korean Society of Clinical Nutrition (한국임상영양학회)
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A Healthy Dietary Pattern May Have a Protective Effect Against Cardiovascular Disease Through Its Interaction With the MC4R Gene Polymorphism

  • Kimia Mohammadhasani (Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Mohammad Vahedi Fard (Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Mehran Yadegari (Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Mehdi Barati (Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Hossein Bahari (Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Elyas Nattagh-Eshtivani (Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Mohammad Rashidmayvan (Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences)
  • Received : 2024.05.08
  • Accepted : 2024.07.23
  • Published : 2024.07.31
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Abstract

Polymorphisms in the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) gene with occurrence and progression of chronic diseases such as obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have long been addressed but there is a lack of evidence for complex interrelationships, including direct and indirect effects of these variables. This review specifically focuses on studying the effects of healthy diet interaction and MC4R polymorphisms on the development of CVD. The quantity and quality of carbohydrates and proteins consumed are related to obesity susceptibility and cardiometabolic risk factors. A healthy dietary pattern such as a Mediterranean dietary can modulate the association between MC4R polymorphisms (rs17782313) and the risk of CVDs. Also, the Nordic diet can reduce lipid profiles such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol levels. On the other hand, MC4R interaction with the dietary inflammatory index decreases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and increases LDL-C and triglyceride (TG) levels. Additionally, the DASH diet decreases TG, atherogenic index of plasma, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and serum glucose. The interaction between MC4R genes and diets plays an important role in the development of CVD. Adherence to healthy diets such as the Mediterranean, Nordic, Anti-inflammatory, and Dash diets might be an efficient strategy to prevent CVD. The potential for personalized diets to be developed for the treatment and prevention of CVD and its related comorbidities is expected to expand as this field develops.

Keywords

References

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