The Korean journal of internal medicine

The Korean Association of Internal Medicine (대한내과학회)
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Increasing correlation between oral and gastric microbiota during gastric carcinogenesis

  • Hee Sang You (Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Mucosal Immunology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jae Yong Park (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hochan Seo (Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Mucosal Immunology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Beom Jin Kim (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jae Gyu Kim (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2023.11.13
  • Accepted : 2024.01.29
  • Published : 2024.07.01
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Abstract

Background/Aims: Recent research has increasingly focused on the role of the gastric microbiome in the development of gastric cancer. We aimed to investigate the changes in the microbiome during gastric carcinogenesis in structural and functional aspects, with a specific focus on the association between oral and gastric microbiomes. Methods: We collected saliva, gastric juice, and gastric tissue samples from 141 patients at different stages of gastric carcinogenesis and processed them for microbiome analysis using 16S rRNA gene profiling. The alpha and beta diversities were analyzed, and the differences in microbiome composition and function profiles were analyzed among the groups, as well as the correlation between changes in the oral and gastric microbiomes during carcinogenesis. Results: We observed significant differences in microbial diversity and composition between the disease and control groups, primarily in the gastric juice. Specific bacterial strains, including Schaalia odontolytica, Streptococcus cristatus, and Peptostreptococcus stomatis, showed a significant increase in abundance in the gastric juice in the low-grade dysplasia and gastric cancer groups. Notably, the correlation between the oral and gastric microbiota compositions, increased as the disease progressed. Predictive analysis of the metagenomic functional profiles revealed changes in functional pathways that may be associated with carcinogenesis (ABC transport and two-component systems). Conclusions: During gastric carcinogenesis, the abundance of oral commensals associated with cancer increased in the stomach. The similarity in microbial composition between the stomach and oral cavity also increased, implying a potential role of oral-gastric bacterial interactions in gastric cancer development.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (NRF-2021R1G1A1091400). It was also supported by the Chung-Ang University Research Grants in 2022.

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