Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Evaluation of Hydrogeological Characteristic of Natural Barrier in Korea for Establishing Safety Guidelines of Deep Geological High-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Site

고준위방사성폐기물 심층처분 부지 수리 지질 안전 규제를 위한 국내 지질환경 수리 특성 평가

  • Suwan So (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jiho Jeong (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jaesung Park (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Hyeongmok Lee (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Subi Lee (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Sujin Kim (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Sinda Mbarki (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jina Jeong (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2024.08.05
  • Accepted : 2024.08.22
  • Published : 2024.08.30
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Abstract

This study assessed the hydrogeological properties of the deep geological environment to develop safety criteria for the natural barriers used in the deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste in Korea. The assessment focused on the distribution and trends of hydraulic conductivity and permeability properties appropriate for the domestic geological environment, using various in-situ hydraulic test data collected for groundwater development and management. To develop a depth-hydrogeological property relationship model suitable for domestic conditions, the study reviewed various international research examples and applied a representative model that explains the trends of hydraulic conductivity and permeability with depth. The development of the model suitable for Korea involved applying ensemble regression analysis to account for the uncertainty of various factors in the collected data. The results confirmed that existing international depth-hydrogeological property relationship models adequately describe the characteristics of the domestic geological environment. Considering the preferred hydrogeological criteria suggested by countries like Sweden, Germany, and Canada, there is a high likelihood that a suitable geological environment exists in Korea. Additionally, the application of hydrogeological criteria indicative of low-permeability environments showed that suitable conditions for disposal construction increase at depths greater than 300 m, where the influence of fractures on groundwater flow might be minimal at depths exceeding 500 m. This research can serve as foundational information for establishing hydrogeological safety standards for natural barriers in Korea according to international regulatory guidelines.

본 연구에서는 국내 고준위방사성폐기물 심층처분용 천연방벽의 수리특성 안전 기준을 평가하기 위해 심부 지질환경 수리지질 특성 평가를 수행하였다. 특히, 국내 지질환경에 적합한 심도에 따른 수리전도도와 투수계수의 분포와 추세를 평가하였으며, 이를 위해, 지하수 개발 및 관리 목적으로 수집된 다양한 현장 수리시험 자료가 사용되었다. 국내 환경에 적합한 심도-수리특성 관계 모델을 개발하기 위하여 다양한 해외 연구사례를 검토하고 심도에 따른 수리전도도 및 투수계수 추세를 설명하는 대표 모델을 확보 및 연구에 적용하였다. 국내에 적합한 수리특성 관계 모델 개발에는 확보된 자료가 포함하는 다양한 요인의 불확실성을 고려하기 위하여 앙상블 회귀분석을 적용하였다. 연구 결과, 기존 해외의 심도-수리특성 관계 모델이 국내 지질환경의 수리지질 특성을 적절히 설명하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 스웨덴, 독일, 캐나다 등의 해외 국가가 제시하는 선호 수리특성 기준을 고려하였을 때, 국내 환경 또한 이에 적합한 지질환경이 존재할 가능성이 높음을 확인하였다. 또한, 저투수환경을 지시하는 수리특성 기준을 적용하였을 때, 처분고 건설에 적합한 환경이 존재할 가능성이 300m 이상의 심도부터 증가함을 보여주었으며, 500m 이상의 심도에서 단열이 지하수 흐름에 미치는 영향력이 낮을 수 있음을 보여주었다. 본 연구는 국제 규제 지침에 맞춰 국내 천연방벽의 수리지질학적 안전 기준을 수립하기 위한 기초정보로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 정부(원자력안전위원회)의 재원으로 사용후 핵연료관리핵심기술개발사업단 및 원자력안전재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구사업이며(No.1075001193), 2024년도 정부(교육과학기술부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 연구되었습니다(NRF-202400341207). 이 외에도 한국수자원공사 및 한국지질자원연구원의 자료제공으로 연구를 수행할 수 있었으며, 이들 기관의 귀중한 도움과 협조에 진심으로 감사드립니다.

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