Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of majonoside R2 as an authentication marker for Nngoc Linh and Lai Chau ginsengs

  • Jiranan Chaingam (Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University) ;
  • Le Van Huy (Department of Biochemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute for Biotechnology and Environment, Nong Lam University) ;
  • Kanta Noguchi (Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University) ;
  • Poomraphie Nuntawong (Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University) ;
  • Sornkanok Vimolmangkang (Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Varalee Yodsurang (Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Gorawit Yusakul (School of Pharmacy, Walailak University) ;
  • Satoshi Morimoto (Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University) ;
  • Seiichi Sakamoto (Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University)
  • Received : 2024.02.05
  • Accepted : 2024.05.20
  • Published : 2024.09.01
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Abstract

Background: Recent years have witnessed increasing interest in the high amount of ocotillol-type saponin in Panax vietnamensis, particularly in relation to majonoside R2 (MR2). This unique 3%-5% MR2 content impart Ngoc Linh and Lai Chau ginsengs with unique pharmacological activities. However, in the commercial domain, unauthentic species have infiltrated and significantly hindered access to the authentic, efficacious variety. Thus, suitable analytical techniques for distinguishing authentic Vietnamese ginseng species from others is becoming increasingly crucial. Therefore, MR2 is attracting considerable attention as a target requiring effective management measures. Methods: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed by producing monoclonal antibodies against MR2 (mAb 16E11). The method was thoroughly validated, and the potential of the immunoassay was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet spectroscopy. Furthermore, ELISA was applied to the assessment of the MR2 concentrations of various Panax spp., including Korean, American, and Japanese ginsengs. Results and conclusions: An icELISA using mAb 16E11 exhibited linearity between 3.91 and 250 ng/mL of MR2, with detection and quantification limits of 1.53 and 2.50 - 46.6 ng/mL, respectively. Based on this study, the developed icELISA using mAb 16E11 could be a valuable tool for analyzing MR2 level to distinguish authentic Ngoc Linh and Lai Chau ginsengs from unauthentic ones. Furthermore, the analysis of the samples demonstrated that Ngoc Linh and Lai Chau ginsengs exhibit a notably higher MR2 value than all other Panax spp. Thus, MR2 might be their ideal marker compound, and various bioactivities of this species should be explored.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Dr. Le Van Huy would like to thank the financial support from the SAM VIET NHAT company for his work in this study.

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