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Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Diabetes Occur Long before Diabetic Complications

당뇨병 합병증 발생 이전의 위장관 증상

  • Hwanseok Jung (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Eun-Jung Rhee (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Mi Yeon Lee (Division of Biostatistics, Department of Academic Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jung Ho Park (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Dong Il Park (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Woo Kyu Jeon (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Chong Il Sohn (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • 정환석 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 이은정 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 이미연 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 연구전략실 학술진흥파트) ;
  • 박정호 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 박동일 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 전우규 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 손정일 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과)
  • Received : 2022.03.09
  • Accepted : 2024.03.11
  • Published : 2024.08.01

Abstract

Background/Aims: Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations are common in patients with diabetes complications, such as autonomic neuropathy. However, the prevalence of GI symptoms before the development of diabetes complications is unclear. Methods: We conducted an interview survey of functional GI disorders among patients with diabetes visiting the endocrinology clinic of a general hospital using the Rome III criteria. The survey consisted of questions regarding functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, and functional constipation, including functional defecation disorder. Results: In total, 509 patients were included in the analysis. The patients were divided into three groups: prediabetes (n = 115), diabetes without neuropathy (n = 275), and diabetes with neuropathy (n = 119). With regard to GI symptoms, the prevalences of functional dyspepsia in the prediabetes, diabetes without neuropathy, and diabetes with neuropathy groups were 16.52%, 27.27%, and 23.53%, respectively; those of irritable bowel syndrome were 8.70%, 11.68%, and 16.81%, respectively, and those of functional constipation were 8.85%, 11.85%, and 15.25%, respectively. In the subgroup analysis, symptoms of postprandial distress syndrome (e.g., postprandial fullness and early satiety) were more prevalent than symptoms of epigastric pain. In the constipation group, symptoms of pelvic outlet obstruction (such as the sensation of anorectal obstruction or blockage and the need for manual maneuvers to facilitate defecation) were more prevalent than symptoms of slow-transit constipation. Conclusions: The prevalence of functional GI disorders increases with diabetes severity. Diabetes-related GI symptoms appear long before the onset of diabetes complications.

목적: 자율신경계 합병증과 같은 당뇨 합병증을 갖고 있는 환자들에게 있어 위장관계 증상은 매우 흔한 편이다. 그러나 당뇨 합병증이 발병하기 전에 위장관계 증상의 유병률이 어떤지는 명확히 알려져 있지 않다. 방법: Rome III 기준에 의거해 내분비내과를 찾은 환자들에게 기능성 위장장애에 관한 증상 설문조사를 실시하였다. 조사 영역은 기능성 소화 불량과 과민성 대장증후군, 기능성 변비에 관련된 질문들로 구성하였다. 결과: 당뇨 전단계, 당뇨병성 신경병증을 가지고 있지 않은 당뇨병 환자들, 당뇨병성 신경병증을 가진 당뇨병 환자군에 있어서 기능성 위장장애의 유병률은 각각 기능성 소화 불량의 경우 16.52%, 27.27% 그리고 23.53%, 과민성 대장증후군의 경우 8.70%, 11.68% 그리고 16.81%, 기능성 변비의 경우 8.85%, 11.85% 그리고 15.25%로 확인되었다. 하위 분류분석에서 식후 포만감과 조기 만복감과 같은 증상을 보이는 식후고통증후군의 유병률이 명치통증증후군보다 좀 더 높게 확인되었다. 기능성 변비에 관련된 하위 분류 분석에 있어 항문직장 폐쇄감이 있거나 배변을 돕기 위한 부가 처치가 필요한 경우와 같은 골반 출구 폐쇄 증상의 유병률이 서행성 변비 증상의 경우보다 더 높게 확인되었다. 결론: 기능성 위장장애의 유병률은 전반적으로 당뇨병이 더 심해짐에 따라 더욱 증가한다. 하지만 당뇨병과 연관된 위장관계 증상은 그 합병증이 발생하기 오래전부터 발생하게 된다. 따라서 이를 미리 확인하여 적절한 치료와 조치를 취할 필요가 있겠다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We appreciate Kyung Gu Jeon, M.D., and Suhyeon Moon, M.S. for data analysis and biostatistics.

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