The Korean journal of internal medicine

The Korean Association of Internal Medicine (대한내과학회)
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Sex differences in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease characteristics: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018

  • Moon Seong Baek (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Haegwang Shin (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kang-Mo Gu (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hae In Jung (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Won Young Kim (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jae-Woo Jung (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jong-Wook Shin (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Sun-Young Jung (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Jae-Yeol Kim (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2023.01.25
  • Accepted : 2023.10.19
  • Published : 2024.01.01
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Abstract

Background/Aims: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is less prevalent in females than males, but it affects mortality in females. There may be sex differences in the clinical characteristics of COPD. Methods: We analyzed the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset from 2007 to 2018. We compared the clinical characteristics and comorbidities in subjects with COPD according to sex. We adjusted the multivariate logistic regression of lung cancer prevalence according to COPD and sex by age and smoking amount. Results: Females with COPD tended to be older than males with COPD (64.1 ± 0.4 yr vs. 62.3 ± 0.2 yr, respectively, p < 0.001). Approximately 89% of males with COPD had a smoking history, while 86% of females with COPD were non-smokers (p < 0.001). Household income was lower (p < 0.001) and asthma and overall malignancy were more prevalent in females with COPD than males with COPD (25.5 vs. 11.6%, respectively, p < 0.001; (6.3 vs. 5.4%, respectively, p < 0.001). However, lung cancer was more common in males with COPD than females with COPD (0.9 vs. 0.1%, respectively, p < 0.001). Lung cancer prevalence increased in males with moderate COPD compared to subjects without COPD (OR, 4.409; 95% CI, 1.741-9.419). Conclusions: Females with COPD had a lower smoking rate, household income, and lung cancer prevalence than males with COPD. More active COPD screening is needed for women of low socioeconomic status, even if they do not smoke.

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