Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research

The Korean Vaccine Society (대한백신학회)
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Monitoring and evaluation of provincial classical swine fever immunization implementation with an E2 subunit vaccine in Jeju Island, South Korea

  • Guehwan Jang (College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Eun-Joo Kim (Animal Health Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Seong-Cheol Cho (Animal Health Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Sung-Up Moon (Animal Health Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Myeong Hwa Lee (Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Jin A Ko (Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Seung Bo Ko (Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Jonghoo Lee (Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Changhee Lee (College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center, Gyeongsang National University)
  • Received : 2023.12.19
  • Accepted : 2023.12.27
  • Published : 2024.01.31
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Abstract

Purpose: Accidental vaccination with a live attenuated low-virulence strain of Miyagi (LOM) vaccine led to the reemergence of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in Jeju province, South Korea in 2014. To control the continual outbreaks of LOM-derived CSFV, the provincial government launched a provincial mass vaccination project using a CSF-E2 subunit vaccine. We conducted this study to assess the herd immunity level and outcomes of E2 vaccine-based immunization in breeding and growing herds on Jeju Island during 2020-2021. Materials and Methods: A large-scale vaccination trial using the Bayovac CSF-E2 vaccine investigated its efficacy in breeding and growing herds under farm application conditions (10 CSFV-affected and three CSFV-naïve swine farms). Results: The level of herd immunity in each farm was classified into three (S1-S3) and six (G1-G6) profiles in breeding and growing herds, respectively. Immunity monitoring revealed a remarkable improvement in the herd immunity status in all farms. The majority (10/13) of farms, including CSFV-free farms, showed the S1G1 immunity profile in 2021, indicating the appropriate implementation of the advised vaccination regime. Moreover, there were significant decreases in Erns seropositivity from 100% to 50% and 25.9% to 4.3% at farm and pig levels, respectively. In particular, all farms were confirmed as CSFV free in the growing-finishing herds. Conclusion: Our large-scale trial demonstrated the effectiveness of the E2 subunit vaccine in establishing herd immunity stabilization and eliminating CSFV circulation in the affected farms and highlighted the need for a provincial vaccination policy to regain the CSF-free status on Jeju Island.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIT) (No., RS-2023-00251145).

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