Anatomy and Cell Biology

Korean Association of Anatomists (대한해부학회)
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A biceps-bicaudatus sartorius muscle: dissection of a variant with possible clinical implications

  • Konstantinos Natsis (Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki) ;
  • Christos Koutserimpas (Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens) ;
  • Trifon Totlis (Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki) ;
  • George Triantafyllou (Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens) ;
  • George Tsakotos (Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens) ;
  • Katerina Al Nasraoui (Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens) ;
  • Filippos Karageorgos (Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki) ;
  • Maria Piagkou (Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens)
  • Received : 2023.10.04
  • Accepted : 2023.10.30
  • Published : 2024.03.31
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Abstract

The current cadaveric report describes an unusual morphology of the sartorius muscle (SM), the biceps-bicaudatus variant. The SM had two (lateral and medial) heads, with distinct tendinous origins from the anterior superior iliac spine. The lateral head was further split into a lateral and a medial bundle. The anterior cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve emerged between the origins of the lateral and medial heads. SM morphological variants are exceedingly uncommon, with only a few documented cases in the literature, and several terms used for their description. Although their rare occurrence, they may play an important role in the differential diagnosis of entrapment syndromes, in cases of neural compressions, such as meralgia paresthetica, while careful dissection during the superficial inter-nervous plane of the direct anterior hip approach is of utmost importance, to avoid adverse effects due to the altered SM morphology.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to express their gratitude to body donors and their families for their highest contribution to medical education and anatomy research.

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