Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity

  • 제40권3호
  • /
  • Pages.211-220
  • /
  • 2024
  • /
  • 2234-6953(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2234-8190(eISSN)
한국동물분류학회 (The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Morphological Description of Three Anaerobic Ciliates Unrecorded in Korea

  • 투고 : 2024.05.16
  • 심사 : 2024.07.28
  • 발행 : 2024.07.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

During the surveys of ciliates from hypoxic habitats, three marine anaerobic species were found: Metopus spiculatus, M. vestitus, and Muranothrix felix. These species have not been previously recorded in South Korea and belong to the taxonomic classes Armophorea and Muranotrichea. The morphology of these species was examined by both microscopic observations of live specimens, and stained cells using protargol impregnations. Metopus spiculatus has the following characteristics: body size 80-110×25-35 ㎛ in vivo, beak-like structure at the end of preoral dome, ectosymbiotic bacteria covering cell surface, intracytoplasmic needle-shaped structures and the conspicuous tail end. Metopus vestitus has the following distinguishing characteristics: body size 95-130×25-45 ㎛ in vivo, a cone-shaped body, a covering of ectosymbiotic bacteria on its cell surface, intracytoplasmic needleshaped structures, somatic kineties arranged in 26-28 longitudinal rows, and a posterior part tapered into a tail. Muranothrix felix has the following characteristics: body size 100-130×20-30 ㎛ in vivo, elongated body with twisted neck region, bristle-like cilia protruding perpendicular to the cell margin, ectosymbiotic bacteria covering the cell surface, about 10 macronuclear nodules, and a long, stiffened caudal cilium.

키워드

과제정보

This work was supported by grants from the Honam National Institute of Biological Resources (HNIBR 202101111), and the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF- 2021R1I1A2048744).

참고문헌

  1. Bourland WA, Rotterova J, Cepicka I, 2017a. Redescription and molecular phylogeny of the type species for two main metopid genera, Metopus es(Muller, 1776) Lauterborn, 1916 and Brachonella contorta (Levander, 1894) Jankowski, 1964 (Metopida, Ciliophora), based on broad geographic sampling. European Journal of Protistology, 59:133-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2016.11.002
  2. Bourland WA, Rotterova J, Cepicka I, 2017b. Morphologic and molecular characterization of seven species of the remarkably diverse and widely distributed metopid genus Urostomides Jankowski, 1964 (Armophorea, Ciliophora). European Journal of Protistology, 61:194-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2017.07.003
  3. Bourland WA, Rotterova J, Cepicka I, 2018a. Morphologic and molecular characterization of Brachonella pulchra (Kahl, 1927) comb. nov. (Armophorea, Ciliophora) with comments on cyst structure and formation. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 68:3052-3065. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.002888
  4. Bourland WA, Rotterova J, Cepicka I, 2020. Description of three new genera of Metopidae (Metopida, Ciliophora): Pileometopus gen. nov., Castula gen. nov., and Longitaenia gen. nov., with notes on the phylogeny and cryptic diversity of Metopid ciliates. Protist, 171:125740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2020.125740
  5. Bourland WA, Rotterova J, Luo X, Cepicka I, 2018b. The littleknown freshwater metopid ciliate, Idiometopus turbo (Dragesco and Dragesco-Kerneis, 1986) nov. gen., nov. comb., originally discovered in Africa, found on the Micronesian island of Guam. Protist, 169:494-506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2018.05.004
  6. Bourland WA, Wendell L, 2014. Redescription of Atopospira galeata (Kahl, 1927) nov. comb. and A. violacea (Kahl, 1926) nov. comb. with redefinition of Atopospira Jankowski, 1964 nov. stat. and Brachonella Jankowski, 1964 (Ciliophora, Armophorida). European Journal of Protistology, 50:356-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2014.05.004
  7. Bourland WA, Wendell L, Hampikian G, 2014. Morphologic and molecular description of Metopus fuscus Kahl from North America and new rDNA sequences from seven metopids (Armophorea, Metopidae). European Journal of Protistology, 50:213-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2014.01.002
  8. Esteban GF, Fenchel T, Finlay BJ, 1995. Diversity of free-living morphospecies in the ciliate genus Metopus. Archiv fur Protistenkunde, 146:137-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(11)80106-5
  9. Fenchel T, 1969. The ecology of marine microbenthos IV. Structure and function of the benthic ecosystem, its chemical and physical factors and the microfauna communities with special reference to the ciliated protozoa. Ophelia, 6:1-182. https://doi.org/10.1080/00785326.1969.10409647
  10. Feng X, Mendez-Sanchez D, Zhuang W, Li R, Pomahac O, Cepicka I, Rotterova J, Hu X, 2022. Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular characterization of Castula specialis sp. nov. (Ciliophora, Armophorea, Metopida). Eukaryotic Microbiology, 71:e13014. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.1301
  11. Foissner W, 2016a. Heterometopus meisterfeldi nov. gen., nov. spec. (Protozoa, Ciliophora), a new metopid from Australia. European Journal of Protistology, 55:118-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2015.11.005
  12. Foissner W, 2016b. Protists as bioindicators in activated sludge: identification, ecology and future needs. European Journal of Protistology, 55:75-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2016.02.004
  13. Foissner W, Agatha S, 1999. Morphology and morphogenesis of Metopus hasei Sondheim, 1929 and M. inversus(Jankowski, 1964) nov. comb. (Ciliophora, Metopida). Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 46:174-193. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1999.tb04602.x
  14. He Y, Choi JK, 2015. First record of four soil ciliates from Korea. Korean Journal of Environmental Biology, 33:215-222. https://doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2015.33.2.215
  15. Jankowski AW, 2007. Phylum Ciliophora Doflein, 1901. In: Protista. Part 2, Handbook of zoology (Ed., Alimov AF). Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, pp. 371-993 (in Russian with English summary).
  16. Kahl A, 1932. Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria) 3. Spirotricha. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 25:399-650.
  17. Li S, Zhuang W, Perez-Uz B, Zhang Q, Hu X, 2021. Two anaerobic ciliates (Ciliophora, Armophorea) from China: morphology and SSU rDNA sequence, with report of a new species, Metopus paravestitus nov. spec. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 68:e12822. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12822
  18. Lynn DH, 2008. The ciliated protozoa: characterization, classification, and guide to the literature. Springer, New York, pp. 1-605.
  19. Mendez-Sanchez D, Pomahac O, Rotterova J, Bourland WA, Cepicka I, 2023. Morphology and phylogenetic position of three anaerobic ciliates from the classes Odontostomatea and Muranotrichea (Ciliophora). Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 70:e12965. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12965
  20. Omar A, Jung JH, 2021. New record of 21 ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from South Korea. Journal of Species Research, 10:301-320.
  21. Omar A, Jung JH, 2022. New record of five anaerobic ciliates species from South Korea. Journal of Species Research, 11: 108-116.
  22. Omar A, Zhang Q, Zou S, Gong J, 2017. Morphology and phylogeny of the soil ciliate Metopus yantaiensis n. sp.(Ciliophora, Metopida), with identification of the intracellular bacteria. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 64:792-805. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12411
  23. Rotterova J, Bourland W, Cepicka I, 2018. Tropidoatractidae fam. nov., a deep branching lineage of Metopida (Armophorea, Ciliophora) found in diverse habitats and possessing prokaryotic symbionts. Protist, 169:362-405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2018.04.003
  24. Rotterova J, Salomaki E, Panek T, Bourland WA, Zihala D, Taborsky P, Edgcomb VP, Beinart RA, Kolisko M, Cepicka I, 2020. Genomics of new ciliate lineages provides insight into the evolution of obligate anaerobiosis. Current Biology, 30: 2037-2050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.03.064
  25. Tucolesco J, 1962. I. Especes nouvelles d'Infusoires de la mer Noire et des bassins sales paramarins. Archiv fur Protistenkunde, 106:1-36.
  26. Vd'acny P, Foissner W, 2017a. A huge diversity of metopids(Ciliophora, Armophorea) in soil from the Murray river floodplain, Australia. I. Description of five new species and redescription of Metopus setosus Kahl, 1927. European Journal of Protistology, 58:35-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2016.12.001
  27. Vd'acny P, Foissner W, 2017b. A huge diversity of metopids(Ciliophora, Armophorea) in soil from the Murray river floodplain, Australia. II. Morphology and morphogenesis of Lepidometopus platycephalus nov. gen., nov. spec. Acta Protozoologica, 56:39-57. https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.17.004.6968
  28. Vd'acny P, Foissner W, 2019. A huge diversity of metopids (Ciliophora, Armophorea) in soil from the Murray river floodplain, Australia. III. Morphology, ontogenesis and conjugation of Metopus boletus nov. spec., with implications for the phylogeny of the SAL supercluster. European Journal of Protistology, 69:117-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2019.04.002
  29. Wilbert N, 1975. Eine verbesserte Technik der Protargolimpragnation fur Ciliaten. Mikrokosmos, 64:171-179.
  30. Zhuang W, Li R, Feng X, Al-Farraj SA, Hu X, 2022. New contribution to the diversity of the anaerobic genus Metopus(Ciliophora, Armophorea), with descriptions of three new marine species. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9:884834. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.884834