Clinical Nutrition Research

The Korean Society of Clinical Nutrition (한국임상영양학회)
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Positive Effects of Adiponectin, BDNF, and GLP-1 on Cortical Neurons Counteracting Palmitic Acid Induced Neurotoxicity

  • Danbi Jo (Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Seo Yeon Ahn (Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Seo Yoon Choi (Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Yoonjoo Choi (Department of MRC, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Dong Hoon Lee (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital) ;
  • Juhyun Song (Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School)
  • Received : 2024.03.20
  • Accepted : 2024.04.21
  • Published : 2024.04.30
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Abstract

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome caused by diets containing excessive fatty acids is increasing worldwide. Patients with metabolic syndrome exhibit abnormal lipid profiles, chronic inflammation, increased levels of saturated fatty acids, impaired insulin sensitivity, excessive fat accumulation, and neuropathological issues such as memory deficits. In particular, palmitic acid (PA) in saturated fatty acids aggravates inflammation, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and synaptic failure. Recently, adiponectin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and glucose-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) have been investigated to find therapeutic solutions for metabolic syndrome, with findings suggesting that they are involved in insulin sensitivity, enhanced lipid profiles, increased neuronal survival, and improved synaptic plasticity. We investigated the effects of adiponectin, BDNF, and GLP-1 on neurite outgrowth, length, and complexity in PA-treated primary cortical neurons using Sholl analysis. Our findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of adiponectin, BDNF, and GLP-1 in enhancing synaptic plasticity within brains affected by metabolic imbalance. We underscore the need for additional research into the mechanisms by which adiponectin, BDNF, and GLP-1 influence neural complexity in brains with metabolic imbalances.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Figure 1 was created using BioRender (https://www.biorender.com/).

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