DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A review on performance of composite structures combining UHPC and normal concrete

  • 투고 : 2023.11.15
  • 심사 : 2024.06.26
  • 발행 : 2024.07.25

초록

In the world, the construction science and technology industry has developed strongly thanks to the application of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) technology, with a strength greater than 150 Mpa and unprecedented durability. compared to previous materials. However, this technology can build special structures but has limited use in construction because it is not commercially feasible to replace regular concrete in most structural types due to material costs. high, lack of availability, limited design standards, complex manufacturing and maintenance techniques. This article examines the composition of UHPC materials and their performance in composite structures with conventional concrete, a promising choice for promoting the development of UHPC technology in construction. It is based on the combined use of UHPC as a covering layer around normal concrete or as an inner core to increase the strength of normal concrete, create a slender structure and reduce the cost and repair of construction works. Construction and transport infrastructure are degraded. Manufacturing costs are expected to be reduced with composite construction due to the advantages of combined materials.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ahmad, S., Hakeem, I. and Maslehuddin, M. (2015), "Development of an optimum mixture of ultra-high performance concrete", Eur. J. Environ. Civil Eng., 20(9), 1106-1126. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2015.1090925. 
  2. Al-Chalabi, M. and Huang, C.L. (1974), "Stress distribution within circular cylinders in compression", Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 11(2), 45-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(74)92648-5. 
  3. Al-Osta, M.A., Isa, M.N., Baluch, M.H. and Rahman, M.K. (2017), "Flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with ultra-high perfor-mance fiber reinforced concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 134, 279-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.094. 
  4. An, L.H. and Fehling, E. (2017), "Influence of steel fiber content and aspect ratio on the uniaxial tensile and compressive behavior of Ultra High Performance Concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 153, 790-806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.130. 
  5. An, L.H. et al. (2021), "Study on behavior of reinforced concrete columns usually reinforced by high performance concrete layer UHPC: Ministry of science and technology project", Code: DT203019, Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport. 
  6. Arora, A., Yao, Y., Mobasher, B. and Neithalath, N. (2019), "Fundamental insights into the compressive and flexural response of binderand aggregate-optimized ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC)", Cement Concrete Compos., 98, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.01.015. 
  7. Association Francaise de Genie Civil (AFGC)/Service d'Etudes Techniques des Routes et Autoroutes (SETRA) (2002), Betons Fibres a Ultra-Hautes Performances, Recommandations Provisoires, Janvier, France, 
  8. Azmee, N.M. and Shafiq, N. (2018), "Ultra-High Performance Concrete: From fundamental to applications", Case Stud. Constr. Mater., 9, e00197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2018.e00197. 
  9. Bajaber, M.A. and Hakeem, I.Y. (2021), "UHPC evolution, development, and utilization in construction: A review", Civil Engineering Department, Najran University, Saudi Arabia, 
  10. Berry, M., Snidarich, R. and Wood, C. (2017), "Development of non-proprietary ultrahigh performance concrete", Montana Department of Transportation. 
  11. Bertola, N., Schiltz, P., Denarie, E. and Bruhwiler, E. (2021), "A review of the use of UHPFRC in bridge rehabilitation and new construction in Switzerland", Front. Built. Environ., 7, 769686. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2021.769686. 
  12. Bruhwiler, E. (2016b), "Structural UHPFRC: Welcome to the post-concrete era!", International Interactive Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Concrete, Iowa State University Digital Press, July. 
  13. Buitelaar, P., Vej, A.K., Braam, R., Kolstein, H. and de Jong, P. (2006), "Reinforced high performance concrete for rehabilitation of orthotropic steel bridge decks", Structural Faults & Repair 2006 International Conference and Exhibition, Edinburgh, June. 
  14. Caluk, N., Mantawy, I. and Azizinamini, A. (2019), "Durable bridge columns using stay-in-place UHPC shells for accelerated bridge construction", Infrastr., 4, 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures4020025. 
  15. Cao, J., Shao, X., Zhang, Z. and Zhao, H. (2016), "Retrofit of an orthotropic steel deck with compact reinforced reactive powder concrete", Struct. Infrastr. Eng., 12, 411-429. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2015.1019894. 
  16. Chen, J.J., Chen, H.N. and Li, G. (2019), "Packing density improvement for improving strength of cement paste", Mater. Sci. Forum, 943, 124-128. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.943.124. 
  17. Coufal, R., Vitek, J.L. and Kalny, M. (2016), "The first large application of UHPC in the Czech Republic", Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Concrete, 1(1), Iowa State University Digital Press. https://doi.org/10.21838/uhpc.2016.33. 
  18. Cusson, D. and Paultre, P. (1995), "Stress-strain model for confined high-strength concrete", J. Struct. Eng., 121(3), 468-777. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1995)121:3(468). 
  19. Dadvar, S.A., Mostofinejad, D. and Bahmani, H. (2019), "Strengthening of RC columns by ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) jacketing", Constr. Build. Mater., 235, 117485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117485. 
  20. Denarie, E. and Bruhwiler, E. (2015), "Cast-on site uhpfrc for improvement of existing structures-achievements over the last 10 years in practice and research", HPFRCC7: 7th Workshop on High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites, Stuttgart, Germany, June. 
  21. DIN EN 12390-3:2009-7 (2009), Testing Hardened Concrete-Part3: Compressive Strength of Test Specimens, German Version EN 12390-3, Beuth Verlag, Berlin. 
  22. Ding, Y., Zeng, B., Zhou, Z., Wei, Y. and Huang, Y. (2023), "Behavior of UHPC columns confined by high-strength transverse reinforcement under eccentric compression", J. Build. Eng., 70, 106352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106352. 
  23. Dong, Z., Wu, G., Zhao, X.L., Zhu, H. and Shao, X. (2019), "Behaviors of hybrid beams composed of seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSSC) and a prefabricated UHPC shell reinforced with FRP bars", Constr. Build. Mater., 213, 32-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.059. 
  24. El-tawil, S., Alkaysi, M., Naaman, A.E., Hansen, W. and Liu, Z. "Development, characterization and applications of a non proprietary Ultra High Performance Concrete for highway bridges", No. RC-1637, Michigan Department of Transportation. 
  25. Empelmann, M., Teutsch, M. and Steven, G. (2008), "Expanding the application range of RC-columns by the use of UHPC", Tailor Made Concrete Structures, 461-468. 
  26. Fan, W., Xu, X., Zhang, Z. and Shao, X. (2018), "Performance and sensivity analysis of UHPFRC-strengthened bridge columns subjected to vehicle collisions", Eng. Struct., 173, 251-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.113. 
  27. Farzad, M., Sadeghnejad, A., Rastkar, S., Moshkforoush, A. and Azizinamini, A. (2020), "A theoretical analysis of mechanical and durability enhancement of circular reinforced concrete columns repaired with UHPC", Eng. Struct., 209, 109928. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109928. 
  28. Farzad, M., Shafieifar, M. and Azizinamini, A. (2019), "Experimental and numerical study on bond strength between conventional concrete and Ultra High-Performance Concrete (UHPC)", Eng. Struct., 186, 297-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019. 02.030. 
  29. Farzad, M., Shafieifar, M. and Azizinamini, A. (2019), "Retrofitting of bridge columns using UHPC", J. Bridge Eng., 24(12), 04019121. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001497. 
  30. Fehling, E., Schmidt, M., Walraven, J., Leutbecher, T. and Frohlich, S. (2014), "Ultra-High Performance Concrete: fundamental-design-example", Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Verlag fur Architektur und Technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Rotherstrasse 21, Berlin, Germany. 
  31. FHWA (2013), Development of Non-Proprietary Ultra-High Performance Concrete for Use in the Highway Bridge Sector.
  32. Ghafari, E., Costa, H. and Julio, E. (2015), "Statistical mixture design approach for eco-efficient UHPC", Cement Concrete Compos., 55, 17-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.07.016. 
  33. Graybeal, B., Bruhwiler, E., Kim, B.S., Toutlemonde, F., Voo, Y.L. and Zaghi, A. (2020), "International perspective on UHPC in bridge engineering", J. Bridge Eng., 25, 04020094. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001630. 
  34. Graybeal, B.A. (2005), "Characterization of the behavior of ultrahigh performance concrete", Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Maryland, USA. 
  35. Guan, D., Chen, Z., Liu, J., Lin, Z. and Guo, Z. (2021), "Seismic performance of precast concrete columns with prefabricated UHPC jackets in plastic hinge zone", Eng. Struct., 245, 112776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112776. 
  36. Guingot, L., Dekhil, D. and Soulier, P. (2013), "Strengthening of hydraulic structures with UHPC", Proceedings of RILEM-fib-AFGC International Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete, 137-146. 
  37. Haber, Z.B., Munoz, J.F. and Graybeal, B.A. (2017), Field Testing of an Ultrahigh Performance Concrete Overlay, 
  38. Hadl, P., Della, P.R., Hoang, K.H., Hoang, N.V. and Pilch, E. (2015), "Anwendung von UHPC als direkt befahrener Aufbeton bei der Integralisierung eines bestehenden Bruckenbauwerks in O sterreich", Betonund Stahlbetonbau, 110, 162-170. https://doi.org/10.1002/best.201400091. 
  39. Hakeem, I., Azad, A.K. and Ahmad, S. (2013), "Effect of steel fibres and thermal cycles on fracture properties of ultra-high performance concrete", J. Test Eval., 41(3), 458-464. https://doi.org/10.1520/ JTE20120182. 
  40. Hung, C.C., Lee, H.S. and Chan, S.N. (2019), "Tension-stiffening effect in steel-reinforced UHPC composites: Constitutive model and effects of steel fibers, loading patterns, and rebar sizes", Compos. Part B: Eng., 158, 269-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.09.091. 
  41. Hussein, H.H., Walsh, K.K., Sargand, S.M. and Steinberg, E.P. (2016), "Interfacial properties of ultrahigh-performance concrete and high-strength concrete bridge connections", J. Mater. Civil Eng., 28, 04015208. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001456. 
  42. Hussein, H.H., Walsh, K.K., Sargand, S.M., Al Rikabi, F.T. and Steinberg, E.P. (2017), "Modeling the shear connection in adjacent box-beam bridges with ultrahigh-performance concrete joints, I: Model calibration and validation", J. Bridge Eng., 22, 04017043. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.19435592.0001070. 
  43. Hussein, L. and Amleh, L. (2015), "Structural behavior of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete-normal strength concrete or high strength concrete composite members", Constr. Build. Mater., 93, 1105-1116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.030. 
  44. Kang, S.T., Lee, Y., Park, Y.D. and Kim, J.K. (2010), "Tensile fracture properties of an ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) with steel fibre", Compos. Struct., 92(1), 61-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.06.012. 
  45. Karim, R., Najimi, M. and Shafei, B, (2019), "Assessment of transport properties, volume stability, and frost resistance of non-proprietary ultra-high performance concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 227, 117031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117031. 
  46. Kim, Y.J. (2018), "Development of cost-effective Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) for Colorado's sustainable infrastructure", University of Colorado, Denver, USA. 
  47. Kosaka, T., Kanaji, H., Ichinomiya, T. and Saito, K. (2015), "Development of a highway bridge deck using ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete", IABSE Symposium Report, 104(13), 1-8. 
  48. Kusumawardaningsih, Y. and Fehling, E. (2020), "Behavior of RC columns confined with UHPC", Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Ultra-high Performance Concrete and High Performance Construction Materials, Kassel University Press, Kassel, Germany. 
  49. Kusumawardaningsih, Y., Fehling, E. and Ismail, M. (2015), "UHPC compressive strength test specimens: Cylinder or cube?", Procedia Eng., 125, 1076-1080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.11.165. 
  50. Kusumawardaningsih, Y., Fehling, E., Hardjasaputra, H., Al-Ani, Y. and Aboubakr, A.A.M. (2019), "Axial tensile strengths of UHPC and UHPFRC", IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., 615, 3-12. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/615/1/012020. 
  51. Lai, B.L., Zhang, M.Y., Chen, Z.P., Liew, J.R. and Zheng, Y.Y. (2023), "Axial compressive behavior and design of semi-precast steel reinforced concrete composite columns with permanent ECC formwork", Struct., 57, 105130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2023.105130. 
  52. Lai, B.L., Zhang, M.Y., Zheng, X.F., Chen, Z.P. and Zheng, Y.Y. (2023), "Experimental study on the axial compressive behaviour of steel reinforced concrete composite columns with stay-in-place ECC jacket", J. Build. Eng., 68, 106174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106174. 
  53. Le Hoang, A., Fehling, E., Lai, B., Thai, D.K. and Van Chau, N. (2019), "Experimental study on structural performance of UHPC and UHPFRC columns confined with steel tube", Eng. Struct., 187, 457-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.02.063. 
  54. Lee, M.G., Wang, Y.C. and Chiu, C.T. (2007), "A preliminary study of reactive powder concrete as a new repair material", Constr. Build. Mater., 21, 182-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.06.024. 
  55. Li, F., Hexiao, Y., Gao, H., Deng, K. and Jiang, Y. (2020), "Axial behavior of reinforced UHPC-NSC composite column under compression"; Mater., 13(13), 2905. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13132905. 
  56. Li, J., Wu, Z., Shi, C., Yuan, Q. and Zhang, Z. (2020), "Durability of ultra-high performance concrete-A review", Constr. Build. Mater., 255, 119296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.11929. 
  57. Lopez, J., Coll, A., Serna, H. and Galan, F. (2016), "The UHPFRC pedestrian bridge above the V-21 highway in Puzol, Valencia: Design, construction and cost", Proc., 4th Int. Symp. on Ultra-High Performance Concrete and High Performance Materials, Kassel, Germany. 
  58. Lubkowski, Z.A. and Duan, X. (2001), "EN1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance", Proc. Inst. Civil Eng.-Civil Eng., 144(6), 55-60. 
  59. Ma, J. (2010), "Faserfreier ultrahochfester beton-entwicklung und materialeigens chaften", Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Leipzig, Germany. (in German) 
  60. Mander, J.B., Priestley, M.J. and Park, R. (1988), "Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete", J. Struct. Eng., 114(8), 1804-1826. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)07339445(1988)114:8(1804). 
  61. Maric, M.K., Ozbolt, J. and Balabanic, G. (2020), "Reinforced"Reinforced concrete bridge exposed to extreme maritime environmental conditions and mechanical damage: Measurements and numerical simulation", Eng. Struct., 205, 110078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.110078. 
  62. Martin-Sanz, H., Chatzi, E. and Bruhwiler, E. (2016), "The use of Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Cement-based composites in rehabilitation projects: A review", Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.21012/FC9.219. 
  63. Matos, A.M., Figueiredo, S.C., Nunes, S., Schlangen, E. and Barroso-Aguiar, J.L. (2021), "Durability of an UHPFRC under mechanical and chloride loads", Constr. Build. Mater., 311, 125223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125223. 
  64. Mazzacane, P., Ricciotti, R. and Teply, F. (2011), "The Passerelle des Anges Footbridge", Designing and Building with UHPFRC, 111-124. https://doi.org/10.1002/97811185 57839.ch9. 
  65. Mishra, O. and Singh, S.P. (2019), "An overview of microstructural and material properties of ultra-high performance concrete", J. Sustain. Cement-Bas. Mater., 8(2), 97-143. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2018.1564398. 
  66. Murthy, A.R., Aravindan, M. and Ganesh, P. (2018), "Prediction of flexural behaviour of RC beams strengthened with Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced concrete", Struct. Eng. Mech., 65, 315-325. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.65.3.315. 
  67. Nematollahi, B., Saifulnaz, M.R., Jaafar, S. and Voo, Y.L. (2012), "A review on ultra-high performance 'ductile' concrete (UHPdC) technology", Int. J. Civil Struct. Eng., 2(3), 1003-1018. https://doi.org/10.6088/IJCSER. 00202030026. 
  68. Nunez, A., Patino, J., Arango, S. and Echeverri, W. (2019), "Review of first structural applications of UHPC in Colombia", International Interactive Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Concrete, 2(1). Iowa State University Digital Press. https://doi.org/10.21838/uhpc.9701. 
  69. Pelke, E., Jaborek, A., Berger, D. and Bruhwiler, E. (2018), "u berfuhrungsbauwerk der L3378 bei Fulda-Lehnerz: Erster Einsatz von UHFB in Deutschland im Strassenbruckenbau, Teil 1: Projektentwicklung und Baudurchfuhrung", Beton-und Stahlbetonbau, 113(11), 831-841. 
  70. Pelle, A., Briseghella, B., Bergami, A.V., Fiorentino, G., Giaccu, G.F., Lavorato, D., ... & Nuti, C. (2022), "Time-dependent cyclic behavior of reinforced concrete bridge columns under chloridesinduced corrosion and rebars buckling", Struct. Concrete, 23(1), 81-103. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202100257. 
  71. Pelle, A., Briseghella, B., Fiorentino, G., Giaccu, G.F., Lavorato, D., Quaranta, G., ... & Nuti, C. (2023), "Repair of reinforced concrete bridge columns subjected to chloride-induced corrosion with ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete", Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, September. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202200555. 
  72. Popa, M., Kiss, Z., Constantinescu, H. and Bolca, G. (2013), "The behaviour of the columns of Ultra-High Performance and normal concrete", Cluj-Napoca: C60 Conference, 199-200. https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.4418.8480. 
  73. Popa, M., Kiss, Z., Constantinescu, H. and Bolca, G. (2016), "Case study: Designing a 40 storey high office building using two variants, with regular concrete columns and with compound ultra-high performance concrete columns and regular concrete columns", Procedia Technol., 22, 40-47. 
  74. Popa, M., Kiss, Z., Constantinescu, H., Zagon, R. and Bolca, G. (2014), "Experimental tests performed on concrete columns with ultra-high performance fibre reinforced cores", J. Appl. Eng. Sci., 4(17), 67-73. 
  75. Saleem, M.A., Liaquat, F., Saleem, M.M., Aziz, M., Aslam, F. and Mohamed, A. (2024), "Development and characterization of non-proprietary ultra high performance concrete", Heliyon, 10(2), e24260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24260. 
  76. Schmidt, M., Fehling, E., Frohlich, S. and Thiemicke, J. (2014), "Sustainable building with ultra-high performance concrete-results of the German priority programme 1182 funded by deutsche forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)", Structural Materials and Engineering Series, Kassel University Press, Kassel, Germany. 
  77. Shafei, B. and Karim, R. (2022), "Non-proprietary ultra-high performance concrete mix design for ABC applications", ABCUTC Florida International University, Miami, FL. 
  78. Shao, X., Deng, L. and Cao, J. (2019), "Innovative steel-UHPC composite bridge girders for long-span bridges", Front. Struct. Civil Eng., 13, 981-989. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-019-0531-9. 
  79. Shi, C., Wu, Z., Xiao, J., Wang, D., Huang, Z. and Fang, Z. (2015), "A review on ultra high performance concrete: Part I. Raw materials and mixture design", Constr. Build. Mater., 101, 741-751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.088. 
  80. Sohail, M.G., Kahraman, R., Al Nuaimi, N., Gencturk, B. and Alnahhal, W. (2021), "Durability characteristics of high and ultra-high performance concretes", J. Build. Eng., 33, 101669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101669. 
  81. Soliman, N.A. and Arezki, T.H.A. (2017), "Using particle packing and statistical approach to optimize eco-efficient ultra-highper formance concrete", ACI Mater. J., 114(6), 847-858. https://doi.org/10.14359/ 51701001. 
  82. Soliman, N.A. and Tagnit-Hamou, A. (2017), "Partial substitution of silica fume with fine glass powder in UHPC: Filling the micro gap", Constr. Build. Mater., 139, 374-383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.02.084. 
  83. Soliman, N.A. and Tagnit-Hamou, A. (2017), "Using glass sand as an alternative for quartz sand in UHPC", Constr. Build. Mater., 145, 243-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.187. 
  84. Susilorini, R.M.R. and Kusumawardaningsih, Y. (2023), "Advanced study of columns confined by Ultra-High-Performance concrete and Ultra-High-Performance Fiber reinforced concrete confinements", Fiber., 11(5), 44. https://doi.org/10.3390/sợi11050044. 
  85. Tanaka, Y., Musya, H., Shimoyama, Y. and Kobayashi, T. (2003), "Application development of Ultra High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete for pre-stressed concrete bridge", Concrete J., 41(3), 26-32. 
  86. Tayeh, B.A., Aadi, A.S., Hilal, N.N., Bakar, B.H., Al-Tayeb, M.M. and Mansour, W.N. (2019), "Properties of ultra-high performance fibrereinforced concrete (UHPFRC): A review paper", AIP Conf. Proc., 2157(1), 20040e1. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5126575. 
  87. Tayeh, B.A., Abu Bakar, B.H. and Megat Johari, M.A. (2013), "Characterization of the interfacial bond between old concrete substrate and Ultra High Performance Fiber concrete repair composite", Mater. Struct., 46, 743-753. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-012-9931-1. 
  88. Tayeh, B.A., Abu Bakar, B.H., Megat Johari, M.A. and Voo, Y.L. (2012), "Mechanical and permeability properties of the interface between normal concrete substrate and Ultra High Performance Fiber concrete overlay", Constr. Build. Mater., 36, 538-548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.013. 
  89. Tian, H., Zhou, Z., Wei, Y. and Zhang, L. (2021), "Experimental and numerical investigation on the seismic performance of concrete-filled UHPC tubular columns", J. Build. Eng., 43, 103118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103118. 
  90. Tong, T., Wang, J., Lei, H. and Liu, Z. (2021), "UHPC jacket retrofitting of reinforced concrete bridge piers with low flexural reinforcement ratios: Experimental investigation and three-dimensional finite element modeling", Struct. Infrastr. Eng., 17(10), 1315-1337. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2020.1817107. 
  91. Tong, T., Yuan, S., Liu, Z., He, Z. and Wang, J. (2023), "Experiments and stress-strain model of concrete confined by UHPC materials", Mater. J. Mater. Civil Eng., 35(4), 04023006. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0004671. 
  92. Tong, T., Yuan, S., Wang, J. and Liu, Z. (2021), "The role of bond strength in structural behaviors of UHPC-NC composite beams: Experimental investigation and finite element modeling", Compos. Struct., 255, 112914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112914. 
  93. Tong, T., Yuan, S., Zhuo, W., He, Z. and Liu, Z. (2019), "Seismic retrofitting of rectangular bridge piers using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete jackets", Compos. Struct., 228, 111367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111367. 
  94. Toutlemonde, F., Roenelle, P., Hajar, Z., Simon, A., Lapeyrere, R., Martin, R.P., ... & Baron, L. (2013), "Long-term material performance checked on world's oldest UHPFRC road bridges at Bourg-Les-Valence", Proceedings of the RILEM-fib-AFGC Int. Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete, UHPFRC, 265-274. 
  95. Val, D.V. (2007), "Deterioration of strength of RC beams due to corrosion and its influence on beam reliability", J. Struct. Eng., 133(9), 1297-306. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)07339445(2007)133:9(1297). 
  96. Valikhani, A., Jahromi, A.J., Mantawy, I.M. and Azizinamini, A. (2020), "Experimental evaluation of concrete-to-UHPC bond strength with correlation to surface roughness for repair application", Constr. Build. Mater., 238, 117753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117753. 
  97. Vitek, J.L., Coufal, R. and Citek, D. (2013), "UHPC-development and testing on structural elements", Procedia Eng., 65, 218-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.09.033. 
  98. Wang, K., Zhao, C., Wu, B., Deng, K. and Cui, B. (2019), "Fully-scale test and analysis of fully dry-connected prefabricated steel-UHPC composite beam under hogging moments", Eng. Struct., 197, 109380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109380. 
  99. Wibowo, H. and Sritharan, S. (2018), "Use of ultra-high-performance concrete for bridge deck overlays", No. IHRB Project TR-683, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC. 
  100. Wille, K. and Boisvert-Cotulio, C. (2015), "Material efficiency in the design of ultra-high performance concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 86, 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.03.087. 
  101. Wu, X. (2019), "Advanced composite structure combining Ultra high performance concrete with normal reinforced concrete", MATEC Web of Conferences, 278, 03004. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927803004. 
  102. Xie, J., Fu, Q. and Yan, J.B. (2019), "Compressive behaviour of stub concrete column strengthened with ultra-high performance concrete jacket", Constr. Build. Mater., 204, 643-658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.220. 
  103. Xue, J., Briseghella, B., Huang, F., Nuti, C., Tabatabai, H. and Chen, B. (2020), "Review of ultra-high performance concrete and its application in bridge engineering", Constr. Build. Mater., 260, 119844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119844. 
  104. Yang, J., Xia, J., Cheng, C., Wang, J., Zhang, J. and Wang, G. (2022), "Research on the bonding performance of UHPC-NC interfaces with different sizes of grooves", Front. Mater., 9, 859717. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2022.859717. 
  105. Yang, J., Zhou, J., Wang, Z., Zhou, Y. and Zhang, H. (2019), "Structural behavior of ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete thin-walled arch subjected to asymmetric load", Adv. Civil Eng., 2019(1), 9276839. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9276839. 
  106. Yin, H., Shirai, K. and Teo, W. (2019), "Numerical model for predicting the structural response of composite UHPC-concrete members considering the bond strength at the interface", Compos. Struct., 215, 185-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.02.040. 
  107. Yoo, D.Y. and Yoon, Y.S. (2016), "A review on structural behavior, design, and application of Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete", Int. J. Concrete Struct. Mater., 10, 125-142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-016-0143-x. 
  108. Yu, R., Spiesz, P. and Brouwers, H.J.H. (2014), "Mix design and properties assessment of Ultra-High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC)", Cement Concrete Res., 56, 29-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.11.002. 
  109. Zeng, X., Deng, K., Liang, H., Xu, R., Zhao, C. and Cui, B. (2020), "Uniaxial behavior and constitutive model of reinforcement confined coarse aggregate UHPC", Eng. Struct., 207, 110261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110261. 
  110. Zhang, X., Wu, X., Zhang, D., Huang, Q. and Chen, B. (2022), "Axial compressive behaviors of reinforced concrete composite column with precast ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) jacket", J. Build. Eng., 48, 103956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103956. 
  111. Zhao, C., Wang, K., Xu, R., Deng, K. and Cui, B. (2019), "Development of fully prefabricated steel-UHPC composite deck system", J. Struct. Eng., 145, 04019051. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002338. 
  112. Zhao, C., Wang, K., Zhou, Q., Deng, K. and Cui, B. (2018), "Full-scale test and simulation on flexural behavior of dovetail-shaped reactive powder-concrete wet joint in a composite deck system", J. Bridge Eng., 23, 04018051. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001265. 
  113. Zhong, W.Z., Song, S.C., Chen, G., Huang, X.C. and Huang, P. (2010), "Stress field of orthotropic cylinder subjected to axial compression", Appl. Math. Mech., 31(3), 305-316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10483-010-0304-z.