Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Anthocyanins Inhibits Oxidative Injury in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial ARPE-19 Cells via Activating Heme Oxygenase-1

  • Cheol Park (Division of Basic Sciences, College of Liberal Studies, Dong-eui University) ;
  • Hyun Hwangbo (Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University) ;
  • Sung Ok Kim (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Kyungsung University) ;
  • Jeong Sook Noh (Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Tongmyong University) ;
  • Shin-Hyung Park (Department of Pathology, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Su Hyun Hong (Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University) ;
  • Sang Hoon Hong (Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Gi-Young Kim (Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University) ;
  • Yung Hyun Choi (Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University)
  • Received : 2023.10.10
  • Accepted : 2023.11.02
  • Published : 2024.03.28
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Abstract

Anthocyanins belong to phenolic pigments and are known to have various pharmacological activities. This study aimed to investigate whether anthocyanins could inhibit hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in human retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells. Our results indicated that anthocyanins suppressed H2O2-induced genotoxicity, while inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and preserving diminished glutathione. Anthocyanins also suppressed H2O2-induced apoptosis by reversing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and inhibiting caspase-3 activation. Additionally, anthocyanins attenuated the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, which was achieved by interfering with mitochondrial membrane disruption. Moreover, anthocyanins increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) as well as its activity, which was correlated with the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). However, the cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic effects of anthocyanins were significantly attenuated by the HO-1 inhibitor, demonstrating that anthocyanins promoted Nrf2-induced HO-1 activity to prevent ARPE-19 cells from oxidative stress. Therefore, our findings suggest that anthocyanins, as Nrf2 activators, have potent ROS scavenging activity and may have the potential to protect ocular injury caused by oxidative stress.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was funded by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (2021R1A2C2009549) and Korea Basic Science Institute grant (NRF-2020R1A6C101A201).

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