Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Emergence Characteristics of Fire Blight from 2019 to 2023 in Korea

2019-2023년 국내 과수 화상병의 발생 특성

  • Hyeonheui Ham (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Eunjung Roh (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Mi-Hyun Lee (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Young-Kee Lee (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Dong Suk Park (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Kyongnim Kim (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Bang Wool Lee (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Mun Il Ahn (Institute of Bio-Environment Information Management Technology, EPINET Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Woohyung Lee (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Hyo-Won Choi (Disaster Management Division, Extension Service Bureau, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yong Hwan Lee (Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
  • 함현희 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 노은정 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 이미현 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 이영기 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 박동석 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 김경님 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 이방울 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 안문일 (주식회사 에피넷 생물환경정보관리기술연구소) ;
  • 이우형 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 최효원 (농촌진흥청 재해대응과) ;
  • 이용환 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과)
  • Received : 2024.04.23
  • Accepted : 2024.05.21
  • Published : 2024.06.30
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Abstract

Erwinia amylovora is a gram-negative plant pathogen that causes fire blight in apple and pear trees, resulting in significant damage worldwide. In this study, we monitored the emergence of fire blight from 2019 to 2023 to determine the emergence patterns and the factors affecting the outbreak of the disease. As a result of the 5-year survey on the emergence of fire blight, a total of 2,029 cases have emerged, mostly in apple trees of 1,378 cases (67.9%) followed by 645 cases (31.8%) in pear trees, and from quince, hawthorn, and mountain ash trees. Fire blight appeared in specific areas of Gyeonggi, Chungnam, Gangwon, and Chungbuk provinces in 2019, but spread to Andong and Yesan in 2021, Muju and Bonghwa in 2023. In 2020 and 2021, there were 744 and 618 cases of fire blight outbreaks, respectively, compared to other years (188-245 cases/year). Notably, 914 of these cases were observed in apple trees from May to July, with 667 cases reported in Chungju and Jecheon. The incidence of fire blight was positively correlated with the daily maximum temperatures and rainy days in January and February, as well as the rainy days in May and June. The average age of the diseased pear trees was 25 years, higher than the 10-year average age of the apple trees. This study provides fundamental information to understand the status and factors affecting the fire blight emergence in Korea. Prevention measures should be established through continuous analysis of the status of fire blight.

Erwinia amylovora는 그람음성의 식물병원세균으로 사과, 배나무에 화상병을 일으켜 전 세계적으로 큰 피해를 발생시키며, 국내에서는 화상병을 2015년 처음 확인한 이래로 매년 꾸준히 발생하며, 발생 지역이 확산되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 2019년부터 2023년까지 최근 5년간 국내의 화상병 발생을 조사하여 병 발생 추이와 요인을 파악하기 위해 수행되었다. 화상병 발생 현황을 5년간 조사한 결과 총 2,029건이 발생했으며 사과나무에서 1,378건(67.9%)으로 발생량이 가장 많았고, 다음으로 배나무에서 645건(31.8%), 기타 장미과 작물인 모과, 산사, 팥배나무에서 병 발생을 확인하였다. 화상병은 2019년에 경기, 충남, 강원, 충북 지역에서 나타나던 것이 2021년에는 경북 안동과 충남 예산, 2023년에는 전북 무주와 경북 봉화 지역으로 확산되었다. 2020년과 2021년에는 화상병이 각각 744건, 618건 발생하여 다른 해(188-245건/년)에 비해 발생량이 많았고, 이 중 914건이 5-7월 사과나무에서 발생하였으며, 동시기에 충주와 제천에서 667건이 발생하였다. 화상병의 발생량은 1-2월 일최고기온과 강우일수, 5-6월 강우일수와 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 또한 발병 기주의 수령은 배나무가 평균 25년생으로 평균 10년생인 사과나무보다 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 국내 화상병의 발생 현황과 발생 요인을 이해하기 위한 기초 자료로써 의의가 있으며, 지속적인 화상병 발생 양상 분석을 통한 예방 대책의 수립이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by a Cooperative Research Program (Project No. RS-2020-RD009337) from the Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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