Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Several Fungicides on the Spore Growth Period of Alternaria dauci, a Carrot Black Leaf Blight Fungus, Using a Rezasulin-based Spore Survival Assay

Rezasulin 기반 포자 생존 검정법을 이용한 당근검은잎마름병균 Alternaria dauci의 포자 생장 시기에 따른 몇 가지 살균제의 효과

  • Jiwon Do (Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life & Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Heung Tae Kim (Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life & Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
  • 도지원 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 식물의학과) ;
  • 김흥태 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 식물의학과)
  • Received : 2024.03.11
  • Accepted : 2024.04.01
  • Published : 2024.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The effects of five fungicides on the spore growth phase of Alternaria dauci, which causes carrot leaf blight, were tested using the spore viability assay (SVA) and agar dilution method (ADM). The average EC50 values for chlorothalonil against seven isolates of A. dauci examined by SVA and ADM were 14.21 ㎍/ml and more than 100 ㎍/ml. Dithianon and folpet also had lower EC50 values in SVA than in ADM, while iminoctadine trisalbesilate had lower EC50 value in ADM. For fluazinam, the EC50 values of SVA and ADM were 1.63 and 2.40 ㎍/ml, respectively. As EC50 values of five fungicides according to the spore growth phase of A. dauci KACC 42997, the efficacy of each fungicide as chlorothalonil, dithianon, and folpet decreased when treated after spore germination rather than when treated with spores before germination. However, iminoctadine tris-albesilate was more effective when treated after spores germinated than when treated before treatment. The excellent effect of fluazinam on the pathogen was maintained until A. dauci KACC 42997 was cultured in potato dextrose broth for 6 hr and the germ tube grew beyond the size of the spore. However, when treated with iminoctadine tris-albesilate and fluazinam after culturing for 12 hr, as the EC50 values of the two fungicides increased to 8.87 and 20.65 ㎍/ml, their efficacies decreased. The results of this study show that the treatment time of the fungicide should be determined by considering the effect of the fungicide on the spore growth phase of pathogens.

당근검은잎마름병을 일으키는 A. dauci의 포자 생장 시기에 따른 chlorothalonil, dithianon, folpet, iminoctadine trisalbesilate, fluazinam의 효과를 포자 생존 검정법과 한천희석법으로 검정하였다. 포자 생존 검정법과 한천희석법으로 조사한 A. dauci CDSGM2-5를 비롯한 7개 균주의 chlorothalonil 에 대한 평균 EC50값은 14.21 ㎍/ml와 100 ㎍/ml 이상이었다. Dithianon과 folpet 역시 포자 생존 검정법의 EC50값이 한천희석법보다 낮았지만, iminoctadine tris-albesilate는 한천희석법으로 조사한 EC50값이 더 낮았다. Fluazinam은 포자 생존 검정법과 한천희석법의 EC50값이 각각 1.63 ㎍/ml와 2.40 ㎍/ml로, 두 방법의 EC50값이 비슷하였다. A. dauci KACC 42997의 포자생장 단계에 따라 각 살균제를 처리한 결과, chlorothalonil, dithianon, folpet은 포자가 발아한 이후에 처리하면 발아하기 전에 처리하였을 때보다 효과가 감소하였으나, iminoctadine trisalbesilate는 포자 접종과 동시에 처리하였을 때 10.28 ㎍/ml였던 EC50값이 포자가 발아한 후에 처리하면 2.68 ㎍/ml에서 3.21㎍/ml까지 감소하여, 포자 발아 후에 처리하였을 때 효과가 우수하였다. Fluazinam은 접종하는 포자에서 발아관이 장경보다 길게 발아한 포자까지 처리하여도 포자의 생장을 크게 억제하였다. 하지만 iminoctadine tris-albesilate와 fluazinam을 12시간을 배양한 후에 처리하면 EC50값이 8.87 ㎍/ml와 20.65 ㎍/ml로 상승하면서 억제 효과가 감소하였다. 본 연구 결과는 살균제의 적합한 처리 시기는 병원균의 포자 생장 시기에 따라서 달라짐을 보여주고 있다. 따라서 살균제 처리 시기의 결정은 병원균의 생장 시기에 대한 살균제의 효과까지도 고려해야 할 것으로 생각되어진다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the project (research number: 116090-03-2-SB010) of Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry, Korea.

References

  1. Damicone, J. 2017. Fungicide resistance management. Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service Bulletin EPP-7663. URL https://extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/ [11 March 2024]. 
  2. Do, J., Min, J., Kim, Y., Park, Y. and Kim, H. T. 2020. Detection of fungicidal activities against Alternaria dauci causing Alternaria leaf spot in carrot and monitoring for the fungicide resistance. Res. Plant Dis. 26: 61-71. (In Korean) 
  3. Ivic, D. 2010. Curative and eradicative effects of fungicides. In: Fungicides, ed. by O. Carisse, pp. 3-22. InTech, Rijeka, Croatia. 
  4. Kapsa, J. 2003. Usefulness of fungicides with various modes of actions in the protection of potato crops. J. Plant Prot. Res. 43: 191-198. 
  5. Kim, A. H., Kim, S. B., Han, K. D. and Kim, H. T. 2015. Monitoring for the resistance of Botrytis cinerea causing gray mold against mepanipyrim. Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 19: 329-334. (In Korean) 
  6. Kim, S., Min, J. and Kim, H. T. 2019. Occurrence and mechanism of fungicide resistance in Colletotrichum acutatum causing pepper anthracnose against pyraclostrobin. Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 23: 202-211. (In Korean) 
  7. Kwak, Y., Min, J., Song, J., Kim, M., Lee, H. and Kim, H. T. 2017. Relationship of resistance to benzimidazole fungicides with mutation of β-tubulin gene in Venturia nashicola. Res. Plant Dis. 23:150-158. (In Korean) 
  8. Park, S. and Kim, H. T. 2023. Evaluation of acitivity of QoI fungicide against Colletotrichum acutatum s. lat. causing pepper anthracnose using resazurin-based respiration assay. Res. Plant Dis. 29: 11-22. (In Korean) 
  9. Park, S.-B. and Kim, H. T. 2022. Cross-resistance of Colletotrichum acutatum s. lat. to strobilurin fungicides and inhibitory effect of fungicides with other mechanisms on C. acutatum s. lat. resistant to pyraclostrobin. Res. Plant Dis. 28: 122-131. (In Korean) 
  10. Park, S.-J., Lee, S.-M., Gwon, H.-W., Lee, H. and Kim, H. T. 2014. Control efficacy of Bordeaux mixture against pepper anthracnose. Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 18: 168-174. (In Korean) 
  11. Rural Development Administration. 2024. Pesticide safety information system. Version: 1st February 2024. URL https://psis.rda.go.kr/psis/agc/res/agchmRegistStusLst.ps?menuId=PS00263 [11 March 2024]. 
  12. Yeon, E., Song, J., Kim, M.-S. and Kim, H. T. 2019. Development of resistance of Colletotrichum horii to demethylase inhibiting fungicides. Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 23: 312-322. (In Korean) 
  13. Yoon, S., Min, J. and Kim, H. T. 2023. Factors affecting spore formation of carrot leaf blight caused by Alternaria dauci in vitro. Res. Plant Dis. 29: 251-257. (In Korean) 
  14. Zhang, K., Fu, Y., Long, C. and Zhu, F. 2024. Baseline sensitivity and fungicidal action of iminoctadine tris (albesilate) against Geotrichum citri-aurantii. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 168: 635-647. 
  15. Zhu, J., Zhang, L., Ma, D., Gao, Y., Mu, W. and Liu, F. 2019. A bioactivity and biochemical analysis of iminoctadine tris (albesilate) as a fungicide against Corynespora cassiicola. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 158: 121-127.