DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Health-related Behavior Affecting Hypertension in the Elderly Using Data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

노인의 고혈압에 영향을 주는 건강행태요인 - 제8차 국민건강영양조사를 활용하여

  • Jongsuk LEE (Cardiology Laboratory, Inje University Sanggye-Paik Hospital)
  • 이종숙 (인제대학교 상계백병원 순환기검사실)
  • Received : 2024.04.09
  • Accepted : 2024.05.20
  • Published : 2024.06.30

Abstract

The present study sought to assess the health-related behavior affecting hypertension in the Korean elderly. A data set comprising 1,404 subjects aged ≥65 from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VIII-1 (2019) was analyzed. In men, the incidence of hypertension was associated with age (odds ratio [OR], 1.056; P=0.004), absence of a family history of chronic diseases (OR, 0.662; P=0.024), underweight status (OR, 0.142; P<0.001), normal weight status (OR, 0.390; P<0.001), and non-drinkers (OR, 0.552; P=0.001). In women, the incidence of hypertension was associated with age (OR, 1.091; P<0.001), absence of a family history of chronic diseases (OR, 0.424; P<0.001), normal weight status (OR, 0.532; P<0.001), and poor subjective health level (OR, 1.640; P=0.018). In conclusion, the factors affecting hypertension in men were age, obesity, family history of chronic diseases, and drinking. In women, the factors affecting hypertension were age, obesity, family history of chronic diseases, and subjective health level. Therefore, it is proposed to make efforts to establish gender-appropriate health promotion and intervention programs and health policies to reduce the incidence of hypertension in the elderly.

본 연구는 한국 노인의 고혈압에 영향을 미치는 건강행태 요인을 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 본 연구는 제8차 국민건강영양조사(2019)의 65세 이상 피험자 1,404명의 데이터를 분석하였다. 남성의 경우 고혈압 발병률은 연령(OR=1.056, P=0.004), 만성질환 가족력이 없는 경우(OR=0.662, P=0.024), 저체중(OR=0.142, P<0.001), 정상체중(OR=0.390; P<0.001), 비음주자(OR=0.552; P=0.001)와 관련이 있었다. 여성의 경우 고혈압 발생률은 연령(OR=1.091; P<0.001), 만성질환 가족력이 없는 경우(OR=0.424; P<0.001), 정상체중(OR=0.532; P<0.001), 좋지 않은 주관적 건강 수준(OR=1.640; P=0.018)이 관련이 있었다. 결론적으로, 남성에서는 고혈압에 영향을 미치는 요인은 연령, 비만, 만성질환 가족력, 음주습관 등이었고, 여성에서는 연령, 비만, 만성질환 가족력, 주관적 건강수준 등이었다. 따라서, 노인의 고혈압 발생률을 낮추기 위해 성별에 맞는 건강증진 및 중재 프로그램과 건강정책을 수립하는 노력이 필요하다고 사료된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This paper was supported by the Korean Association of Medical Technologists in 2024 and proceeded by support project for thesis submission by member practitioners. Proofreading performed by Yoon H.

References

  1. Population Health and Welfare Association [Internet]. 2020 World Population Status Report: 2020 [cited 2023 December 20]. Available from: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/332070/9789240005105-eng.pdf
  2. Statistics Korea. Population projections for Korea (2015-2065) [Internet]. Statistics Korea [cited 2016 December 8]. Available from: https://kostat.go.kr/board.es?mid=a20101000000&bid=11748&act=view&list_no=359108&tag=&nPage=1&ref_bid
  3. GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396:1223-1249. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2
  4. Park HJ, Song YK, Jo JB, Lee DH, Ju J, Shim SM. Healthy living characteristics of elderly people with hypertension according to household types using the 7th Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (2016-2018). Korean J Fam Pract. 2021;11:113-119. https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2021.11.2.113
  5. Cho KS. Current status of non-communicable diseases in the Republic of Korea. Public Health Wkly Rep. 2021;14:166-177.
  6. Jang SN. Chronic illnesses and limited daily activities in the Korean elderly. Health Welf Forum. 2015;225:6-17. https://doi.org/10.23062/2015.07.2
  7. Laurent S, Boutouyrie P. Arterial stiffness and hypertension in the elderly. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020;7:544302. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2020.544302
  8. Statistics Korea. Cause of death statistics [Internet]. Statistics Korea [cited 2024 April 16]. Available from: https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=177&tblId=DT_11702_N105&vw_cd=MT_ZTI TLE&list_id=117_11702_B01_002&seqNo=&lang_mode=ko&language=kor&obj_var_id=&itm_id=&conn_path=MT_ZTITLE
  9. Sun D, Liu J, Xiao L, Liu Y, Wang Z, Li C, et al. Recent development of risk-prediction models for incident hypertension: an updated systematic review. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0187240. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187240
  10. Oh K, Kim Y, Kweon S, Kim S, Yun S, Park S, et al. Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 20th anniversary: accomplishments and future directions. Epidemiol Health. 2021;43: e2021025. https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021025
  11. Yang J, Wang F, Han X, Yuan J, Yao P, Liang Y, et al. [Different anthropometric indices and incident risk of hypertension in elderly population: a prospective cohort study]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2019;53:272-278. Chinese. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.03.007
  12. Zhang RZ, Chao JQ, Xu H, Yu Q, Yang L, Gu JY, et al. The relationship between obesity and the major chronic diseases in the elderly. Chin J Dis Control Prev. 2017;21:233-236. https://doi.org/10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.03.005
  13. Deng G, Yin L, Liu W, Liu X, Xiang Q, Qian Z, et al. Associations of anthropometric adiposity indexes with hypertension risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis including PURE-China. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97:e13262. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000013262
  14. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. 2023 chronic disease status and issues [Internet]. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency [cited 2023 December 12]. Available from: https://www.kdca.go.kr/board/board.es?mid=a20501010000&bid=0015&list_no=724036&cg_code=&act=view&nPage=1
  15. Park SM, Gi MY, Cha JA, Sung HH, Park SY, Park CH, et al. The relationship between anemia and hyperuricemia and hypertension in Korean adults: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2018. Curr Med Res Opin. 2023;39:819-825. https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2023.2213004
  16. Beevers G, Lip GY, O'Brien E. ABC of hypertension: the pathophysiology of hypertension. BMJ. 2001;322:912-916. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.322.7291.912
  17. Pimenta E, Oparil S. Management of hypertension in the elderly. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2012;9:286-296. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrcardio.2012.27
  18. Dao HH, Essalihi R, Bouvet C, Moreau P. Evolution and modulation of age-related medial elastocalcinosis: impact on large artery stiffness and isolated systolic hypertension. Cardiovasc Res. 2005;66:307-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.01.012
  19. Kim HR, Son HG. Prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among aged 65 and over in Korea. J Korean Biol Nurs Sci. 2012;14:282-290. https://doi.org/10.7586/jkbns.2012.14.4.282
  20. Lee MS. The prevalence of hypertension and related nutritional risk factors of elderly living in a rural area. Korean J Community Nutr. 2015;20:291-300. https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.4.291
  21. Maas AH, Franke HR. Women's health in menopause with a focus on hypertension. Neth Heart J. 2009;17:68-72. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03086220
  22. Hall JE, do Carmo JM, da Silva AA, Wang Z, Hall ME. Obesity-induced hypertension: interaction of neurohumoral and renal mechanisms. Circ Res. 2015;116:991-1006. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.305697
  23. Tasnim S, Tang C, Musini VM, Wright JM. Effect of alcohol on blood pressure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;7:CD012787. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012787.pub2