Steel and Composite Structures

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Optimal sustainable design of steel-concrete composite footbridges considering different pedestrian comfort levels

  • Fernando L. Tres Junior (Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Passo Fundo) ;
  • Guilherme F. Medeiros (Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Passo Fundo) ;
  • Moacir Kripka (Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Passo Fundo)
  • Received : 2023.08.10
  • Accepted : 2024.06.07
  • Published : 2024.06.25
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Abstract

Given the increased interest in enhancing structural sustainability, the current study sought to apply multiobjective optimization to a footbridge with a steel-concrete composite I-girder structure. It was considered as objectives minimizing the cost for building the structure, the environmental impact assessed by CO2 emissions, and the vertical accelerations created by human-induced vibrations, with the goal of ensuring pedestrian comfort. Spans ranging from 15 to 25 meters were investigated. The resistance of the slab's concrete, the thickness of the slab, the dimensions of the welded steel I-profile, and the composite beam interaction degree were all evaluated as design variables. The optimization problem was handled using the Multiobjective Harmony Search (MOHS) metaheuristic algorithm. The optimization results were used to generate a Pareto front for each span, allowing us to assess the correlations between different objectives. By evaluating the values of design variables in relation to different levels of pedestrian comfort, it was identified optimal values that can be employed as a starting point in predimensioning of the type of structure analyzed. Based on the findings analysis, it is possible to highlight the relationship between the structure's cost and CO2 emission objectives, indicating that cost-effective solutions are also environmentally efficient. Pedestrian comfort improvement is especially feasible in smaller spans and from a medium to a maximum level of comfort, but it becomes expensive for larger spans or for increasing comfort from minimum to medium level.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful for the financial support received from the Brazilian government in the form of grants (CAPES for the first author and CNPq for the third author).

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