Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Water-soluble microencapsulation using gum Arabic and skim milk enhances viability and efficacy of Pediococcus acidilactici probiotic strains for application in broiler chickens

  • Ratchnida Kamwa (Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Benjamas Khurajog (Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Nongnuj Muangsin (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Pawiya Pupa (Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • David J Hampson (School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University) ;
  • Nuvee Prapasarakul (Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University)
  • Received : 2023.10.25
  • Accepted : 2024.02.10
  • Published : 2024.08.01
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Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a water-soluble microencapsulation method for probiotic strains using gum Arabic (GA) and skim milk (SKM) over a three-month storage period following processing. Methods: Four strains of Pediococcus acidilactici (BYF26, BYF20, BF9, and BF14) that were typical lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from the chicken gut were mixed with different ratios of GA and SKM as coating agents before spray drying at an inlet temperature 140℃. After processing, the survivability and probiotic qualities of the strains were assessed from two weeks to three months of storage at varied temperatures, and de-encapsulation was performed to confirm the soluble properties. Finally, the antibacterial activity of the probiotics was assessed under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Results: As shown by scanning electron microscopy, spray-drying produced a spherical, white-yellow powder. The encapsulation efficacy (percent) was greatest for a coating containing a combination of 30% gum Arabic: 30% skim milk (w/v) (GA:SKM30) compared to lower concentrations of the two ingredients (p<0.05). Coating with GA:SKM30 (w/v) significantly enhanced (p<0.05) BYF26 survival under simulated gastrointestinal conditions (pH 2.5 to 3) and maintained higher survival rates compared to non-encapsulated cells under an artificial intestinal juices condition of pH 6. De-encapsulation tests indicated that the encapsulated powder dissolved in water while keeping viable cell counts within the effective range of 106 for 6 hours. In addition, following three months storage at 4℃, microencapsulation of BYF26 in GA:SKM30 maintained both the number of viable cells (p<0.05) and the preparation's antibacterial efficacy against pathogenic bacteria, specifically strains of Salmonella. Conclusion: Our prototype water-soluble probiotic microencapsulation GA:SKM30 effectively maintains LAB characteristics and survival rates, demonstrating its potential for use in preserving probiotic strains that can be used in chickens and potentially in other livestock.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The present scientific research was financially supported by 2022-Fundamental Fund, Thailand Science Research and Innovation (TSRI), Chulalongkorn University (FOOD66310012) and ThaiFoods Group public company limited, Bangkok, Thailand and 90th Anniversary of Chulalongkorn University Scholarship (Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

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