Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회지)

The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회)
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A study of factors influencing sunscreen use among Koreans: application of the Health Belief Model (HBM)

한국인의 자외선차단제 사용에 영향을 미치는 요인 연구 : 건강신념모델(HBM)의 적용

  • Ji-Won Kim (Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University) ;
  • Seunghee Bae (Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University)
  • 김지원 (건국대학교 화장품공학과) ;
  • 배승희 (건국대학교 화장품공학과)
  • Received : 2024.02.28
  • Accepted : 2024.04.29
  • Published : 2024.04.30
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Abstract

This study evaluated the attitudes of the Korean population towards sunscreen use through the Health Belief Model (HBM) construct and investigated the psychological factors that influence sunscreen use. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted from 1 November 2023 to 1 January 2024, and a total of 303 participants were collected. The collected data were analysed using SPSS v. 25.0 programme using Cronbach's 𝛼, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, independent samples t-test, one way ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study showed that the mean score of sunscreen use was 3.26±1.384 out of 5, and there was a significant correlation between the variables of the health belief model and sunscreen use (p<.01). Gender, age, and skin colour were also associated with each variable, with women, the elderly, and those with lighter skin tending to be more proactive in sun protection. Multiple regression analyses revealed that self-efficacy (𝛽=.629, p<.001) and perceived vulnerability (𝛽=.139, p<.001), sub-factors of the Health Belief Model, had a statistically significant positive effect on sunscreen use, while perceived barriers (𝛽=-.261, p<.001) had a statistically significant negative effect on sunscreen use. These results may have important theoretical implications for the development and implementation of educational programmes to promote sunscreen use by providing insight into the psychosocial factors that influence sun protection.

본 연구에서는 건강신념모델(HBM) 구조를 통해 자외선차단제 사용에 대한 국내 인구의 태도를 평가하였으며, 자외선차단제 사용에 영향을 미치는 심리적 요인을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 2023년 11월 1일부터 2024년 1월 1일까지 온라인 설문조사를 실시하여 총 303명의 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 데이터는 SPSS v. 25.0 program을 이용하여 Cronbach's 𝛼, 빈도분석, 기술통계분석, 상관관계분석, 독립표본 t-test, One way ANOVA, Scheffe's test, 그리고 다중회귀분석이 실시되었다. 연구 결과 자외선차단제 사용에 대한 평균 점수는 5점 만점에 3.26±1.384로 나타났으며 건강신념모델 변수와 자외선차단제 사용 간에는 서로 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<.01). 성별, 연령, 피부색에도 각 변수들 간에 차이가 있었으며 그중 여성, 연장자, 밝은 피부색을 가진 집단에서 자외선 보호에 적극적인 성향을 보였다. 다중회귀분석 결과 건강신념모델의 하위요인별 자기효능감(𝛽=.629, p<.001), 인지된 취약성(𝛽=.139, p<.001)이 자외선차단제 사용에 통계적으로 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 인지된 장벽(𝛽=-.261, p<.001)은 자외선차단제 사용에 통계적으로 유의미한 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 자외선 차단에 영향을 미치는 심리사회적 요인들을 제공함으로써, 자외선차단제 사용을 촉진하기 위한 교육 프로그램을 개발하고 시행하는 데 중요한 이론적 시사점을 제공할 수 있다.

Keywords

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