Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회지)

The Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회)
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A Comparative Study on Mapping and Filtering Radii of Local Climate Zone in Changwon city using WUDAPT Protocol

WUDAPT 절차를 활용한 창원시의 국지기후대 제작과 필터링 반경에 따른 비교 연구

  • Tae-Gyeong KIM (Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University) ;
  • Kyung-Hun PARK (School of Smart & Green Engineering, Changwon National University) ;
  • Bong-Geun SONG (Institute of Industrial Technology, Changwon National University) ;
  • Seoung-Hyeon KIM (Institute of Industrial Technology, Changwon National University) ;
  • Da-Eun JEONG (Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University) ;
  • Geon-Ung PARK (Institute of Industrial Technology, Changwon National University)
  • 김태경 (창원대학교 환경공학과 ) ;
  • 박경훈 (창원대학교 스마트그린공학부) ;
  • 송봉근 (창원대학교 산업기술연구원) ;
  • 김성현 (창원대학교 산업기술연구원 ) ;
  • 정다은 (창원대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 박건웅 (창원대학교 산업기술연구원 )
  • Received : 2024.05.13
  • Accepted : 2024.06.25
  • Published : 2024.06.30
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Abstract

For the establishment and comparison of environmental plans across various domains, considering climate change and urban issues, it is crucial to build spatial data at the regional scale classified with consistent criteria. This study mapping the Local Climate Zone (LCZ) of Changwon City, where active climate and environmental research is being conducted, using the protocol suggested by the World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT). Additionally, to address the fragmentation issue where some grids are classified with different climate characteristics despite being in regions with homogeneous climate traits, a filtering technique was applied, and the LCZ classification characteristics were compared according to the filtering radius. Using satellite images, ground reference data, and the supervised classification machine learning technique Random Forest, classification maps without filtering and with filtering radii of 1, 2, and 3 were produced, and their accuracies were compared. Furthermore, to compare the LCZ classification characteristics according to building types in urban areas, an urban form index used in GIS-based classification methodology was created and compared with the ranges suggested in previous studies. As a result, the overall accuracy was highest when the filtering radius was 1. When comparing the urban form index, the differences between LCZ types were minimal, and most satisfied the ranges of previous studies. However, the study identified a limitation in reflecting the height information of buildings, and it is believed that adding data to complement this would yield results with higher accuracy. The findings of this study can be used as reference material for creating fundamental spatial data for environmental research related to urban climates in South Korea.

기후변화와 도시 문제를 고려해 다양한 영역에 걸친 환경계획의 수립과 비교를 위해서는 일관된 기준으로 분류된 지역 규모 수준의 공간자료 구축이 중요하다. 본 연구는 World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools(WUDAPT)에서 제시한 절차를 사용하여 기후 및 환경 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있는 창원시의 Local Climate Zone(LCZ)를 분류하였다. 또한, 동질적인 기후 특성을 가진 지역일지라도 일부 격자가 다른 기후 특성으로 분류되는 파편화 문제를 개선하기 위해 필터링 기법을 적용하고 필터링 반경에 따른 LCZ 분류 특성을 비교하였다. 위성영상과 지상참조자료, 감독분류 머신러닝 기법인 Random Forest를 활용하여 필터링하지 않은 분류지도와 필터링 반경이 1, 2, 3인 분류지도를 제작하여 정확도를 비교하였다. 또한, 도시지역의 건물 유형에 따른 LCZ 분류특성을 비교하기 위해 GIS를 활용한 분류방법론에서 사용되는 도시형태지수를 제작하여 선행 연구에서 제시한 범위와 비교하였다. 그 결과, 전체 정확도는 필터링 반경이 1일 때 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 도시형태지수를 비교하였을 때 LCZ 유형별 차이는 적었고 대부분 선행연구의 범위를 만족하는 것을 확인하였다. 그러나 연구 결과를 통해 건물의 높이 정보를 반영하지 못하는 한계를 확인하였고, 이를 보완할 수 있는 데이터를 추가하여 분류한다면 더 높은 정확도의 결과물을 획득할 수 있을 것이라 판단된다. 연구 결과는 국내 도시기후 관련 환경 연구분야의 기초 공간자료 제작하기 위한 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구입니다(No.NRF-2022R1F1A1074483).

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