한국항해항만학회지 (Journal of Navigation and Port Research)

  • 제48권2호
  • /
  • Pages.97-103
  • /
  • 2024
  • /
  • 1598-5725(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2093-8470(eISSN)
한국항해항만학회 (Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Impact of Slow Steaming on Containership Operations under the Carbon Intensity Indicator Regulation

  • Daesik Seo (Busan Office, HMM) ;
  • Youngran Shin (Graduate School of Global Logistics, Korea Maritime and Ocean University)
  • 투고 : 2024.01.25
  • 심사 : 2024.02.15
  • 발행 : 2024.04.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

As there is growing concern about the environmental impact of greenhouse gas emissions from ships, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has introduced several regulations targeting reductions in carbon dioxide emissions of 50% by 2050. This study pays particular attention to the carbon intensity indicator (CII) and investigates the impact of slow steaming, one of the short-term measures in the regulation, on containership operations. To this end, a dataset of 8 containerships with various ages and sizes was collected. Based on operation data in 2021, the CII ratings of the containerships were estimated in the business-as-usual scenario for the 2023-2030 period. Then, the speed reductions required to keep the minimum CII rating were calculated for individual containerships. Finally, working day losses resulting from the speed reductions were calculated. The findings in this study were threefold. First, it was found that containerships will undergo degradation in the CII rating every 3 or 4 years without slow steaming. Second, a speed reduction of 2 knots between 2023 and 2030 is required to keep the minimum CII rating. Finally, speed reductions result in the loss of as many as 6 or 7 working days per year.

키워드

과제정보

This research was supported by the 4th Educational Training Program for the Shipping, Port and Logistics from the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries.

참고문헌

  1. Adland, R., Cariou, P. and Wolff, F. C.(2020), "Optimal Ship Speed and the Cubic Law Revisited: Empirical Evidence from an Oil Tanker Fleet", Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Vol. 140, p. 101972.
  2. Anh, D. P., Rim, R. B. and Kang, H.(2023), "Design and Analysis of a Novel Methanol SOFC Combined System for Marine Applications Toward Future Green Shipping Goals", Journal of Navigation and Port Research, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 106-119.
  3. Buhaug, O., Corbett, J. J., Endresen, O., Eyring, V., Faber, J., Hanayama, S., Lee, D. S., Lee, D., Lindstad, H., Markowska, A. Z., Mjelde, A., Nelissen, D., Nilsen, J., Palsson, C., Winebrake, J. J., Wu, W. and Yoshida, K.(2009), Second IMO Greenhouse Gas Study 2009, International Maritime Organization.
  4. Cariou, P.(2011), "Is Slow Steaming a Sustainable Means of Reducing CO2 Emissions from Container Shipping?", Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 260-264.
  5. Chapman, J. D.(1989), Geography and Energy: Commercial Energy Systems and National Policies, Longman Scientific & Technical, New York.
  6. Degiuli, N., Martic, I., Farkas, A. and Gospic, I.(2021), "The Impact of Slow Steaming on Reducing CO2 emissions in the Mediterranean Sea", Energy Reports, Vol. 7, pp. 8131-8141.
  7. Eide, M. S., Chryssakis, C. and Endresen, O.(2013), "CO2 abatement potential towards 2050 for shipping including alternative fuels", Carbon Management, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 275-289.
  8. Farkas, A., Degiuli, N., Martic, I. and Mikulic, A.(2023), "Benefits of Slow Steaming in Realistic Sailing Conditions along Different Sailing Routes", Ocean Engineering, Vol. 275, p. 114143.
  9. Farkas, A., Degiuli, N., Martic, I. and Vujanovic, M.(2021), "Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Potential by Using Antifouling Coatings in a Maritime Transport Industry", Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 295, p. 126428.
  10. Ferrari, C., Parola, F. and Tei, A.(2015), "Determinants of Slow Steaming and Implications on Service Patterns", Maritime Policy and Management, Vol. 42, No. 7, pp. 636-652.
  11. IMO(2018), Resolution MEPC.304(72), the Marine Environment Protection Committee.
  12. IMO(2021a), Resolution MEPC.328(76), the Marine Environment Protection Committee.
  13. IMO(2021b), Resolution MEPC.338(76), the Marine Environment Protection Committee.
  14. IMO(2022a), Resolution MEPC.353(78), the Marine Environment Protection Committee.
  15. IMO(2022b), Resolution MEPC.354(78), the Marine Environment Protection Committee.
  16. Kim, Y. R., Kim, G. and Park, J. B.(2019), "A Study on the Prediction of Fuel Consumption of a Ship Using the Principal Component Analysis", Journal of Navigation and Port Research, Vol. 43, No. 6, pp. 335-343.
  17. Lindstad, H., Asbjornslett, B. E. and Stromman, A. H.(2011), "Reductions in Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Cost by Shipping at Lower Speeds", Energy Policy, Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 3456-3464.
  18. Maloni, M., Paul, J. A. and Gligor, D. M.(2013), "Slow Steaming Impacts on Ocean Carriers and Shippers", Maritime Economics and Logistics, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 151-171.
  19. Mander, S.(2017), "Slow Steaming and a New Dawn for Wind Propulsion: A Multi-level Analysis of Two Low Carbon Shipping Transitions", Marine Policy, Vol. 75, pp. 210-216.
  20. Smith, T. W. P., Jalkanen, J. P., Anderson, B. A., Corbett, J. J., Faber, J., Hanayama, S., O'keeffe, E., Parker, S., Johansson, L. and Aldous, L.(2015), Third IMO Greenhouse Gas Study 2014, International Maritime Organization.
  21. Tran, N. K. and Lam, J. S. L.(2022), "Effects of Container Ship Speed on CO2 Emission, Cargo Lead Time and Supply Chain Costs", Research in Transportation Business and Management, Vol. 43, pp. 100723.
  22. Wong, E. Y., Thai, A. H., Lau, H. Y. and Raman, M.(2015), "A Utility-based Decision Support Sustainability Model in Slow Steaming Maritime Operations", Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Vol. 78, pp. 57-69.
  23. Yang, H. N., Lee, G. U. and Shin, C. H.(2019), "A Study on the Priority Analysis of Government Support Policies for SOx Emission of Ships", Journal of Navigation and Port Research, Vol. 78, No. 2, pp. 86-92.
  24. Yuan, Q., Wang, S. and Peng, J.(2023), "Operational Efficiency Optimization Method for Ship Fleet to Comply with the Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) Regulation", Ocean Engineering, Vol. 286, p. 115487.