KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (한국포장학회지)

Korea Society of Packaging Science and Technology (한국포장학회)
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Development of Sustainable Packaging Materials Using Coffee Silverskin and Spent Coffee Grounds: A Comprehensive Review

커피 은피와 커피찌꺼기를 활용한 지속가능한 포장소재 개발을 위한 연구동향

  • Jihyeon Hwang (Department of Marine Bio Food Science, College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Dowan Kim (Department of Marine Bio Food Science, College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • 황지현 (국립강릉원주대학교, 생명과학대학, 해양바이오식품학과) ;
  • 김도완 (국립강릉원주대학교, 생명과학대학, 해양바이오식품학과)
  • Published : 2024.04.30
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Abstract

As awareness of environmental issues continues to grow, there is an escalating demand for recycling and repurposing byproducts of agricultural and food production processes and their conversion to high-value products. Coffee is the most widely consumed beverage globally; during coffee beverage processing and consumption, byproducts such as coffee silverskin (CS), spent coffee grounds (SCGs), and oil are generated. Despite containing beneficial materials such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, lipids, and bioactive substances, these byproducts are typically discarded in landfills or incinerated. The utilization of CS, SCGs, and oil in the development of packaging materials holds significant potentials toward the realization of a sustainable society. To this end, considerable research efforts have been dedicated to the development of high-value materials derived from coffee byproducts, including functional fillers, polymer composites, and biodegradable polymers. Notably, CS and SCGs have been employed as functional fillers in polymer composites. Additionally, lipids extracted from SCGs have been used as plasticizers for polymers and cultured with microorganisms to produce biodegradable polymers. This review focuses on the research and development of polymer/CS and polymer/SCG composites as well as cellulose extraction and utilization from CS and SCGs and its applications, oil extraction from SCGs, and cultivation with microorganisms using extracted oil for polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA) production.

환경문제에 대한 관심이 증가함에 따라 지속가능한 소재에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 전 세계적으로 커피는 가장 많이 소비되는 음료이며, 커피음료의 가공 및 소비로 발생하는 커피 부산물에는 셀룰로오스, 헤미셀룰로오스, 리그닌, 지질 및 생리활성물질 등이 풍부하지만 대부분 폐기되는 실정이다. 따라서, 많은 연구자들이 커피 부산물을 고부가가치 소재로 개발하기 위하여 노력하고 있다. 본 총설에서는 고분자/커피 은피 복합화 연구, 커피 은피로부터 셀룰로오스 추출 및 응용연구, 고분자/커피찌꺼기 복합화 연구, 커피찌꺼기로부터 셀룰로오스 추출 및 이를 활용한 연구, 커피찌꺼기로부터 지질 추출 및 이를 활용한 PHAs합성, 가소제로써 커피찌꺼기로부터 추출한 지질의 응용가능성 연구 등에 대하여 조사하였다. 선행 연구에서는 커피 부산물인 커피 은피 및 커피찌꺼기 자체를 고분자와 혼합하여 복합소재를 제조하고 물성을 평가하는 연구는 광범위하게 수행되고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 하지만, 커피 은피 및 커피찌꺼기로부터 나노셀룰로오스를 추출하거나, 상대적으로 친수성인 커피 부산물과 소수성인 석유계 고분자 또는 생분해성 고분자와 복합화 시 상용성 개선과 관련된 커피 부산물의 표면 개질 및 상용화제 도입 등의 연구는 부족함을 확인하였다. 또한 커피 부산물로부터 추출한 지질을 활용하여 PHAs를 합성하는 연구가 일부 진행되고 있지만 합성된 PHAs를 활용하여 포장소재로의 제조 및 응용에 관한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다. 또한, 커피찌꺼기의 발생량 대비 국내외 관리방안 마련 및 제품 적용 시 안전성 평가방법에 관한 연구는 거의 실시되지 않아 이에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다고 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 성과는 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단(No.2020R1G1A1101282)의 지원을 받아 수행되었으며 이에 감사드립니다.

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