DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain-based Online Payments in the Global World

  • Ahlam Alhalafi (La Trobe University, Computer Science & Information Technology Department) ;
  • Prakash Veeraraghavan (La Trobe University, Computer Science & Information Technology Department) ;
  • Dalal Hanna (La Trobe University, Computer Science & Information Technology Department)
  • 투고 : 2024.03.05
  • 발행 : 2024.03.30

초록

Payment systems are evolving, and this study examines how blockchain and AI improve online transactional security and service quality. The study examines micro and macro payment systems, compares online, and offline methods all over the world. The study also examines how blockchain and AI affect payment system security, privacy, and efficiency globally and rapidly digitizing economy. Digital payment methods are growing all over the world with high literacy and digital engagement, but they face challenges. The research highlights cybersecurity threats and the need to balance user convenience and security. It suggests blockchain and AI improve online payment services, supporting the policies for different countries. In this extensive research survey, we compare and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of various payment systems, their practicality, and their robustness. This study also examines how technological innovations and payment systems interact to reveal how blockchain and AI could transform the financial sector. It seeks to understand how technology-enhancing service quality can boost customer satisfaction and financial stability in the digital age. The findings should help policymakers, financial institutions, and technology developers optimize online payment systems for a more secure and efficient digital economy.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abiliti. (2023, May 29). Embracing blockchain: A future of enhanced transparency, efficiency, and trust in KSA. Born in Riyadh, Bred in Innovation. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/embracing-blockchain-future-enhanced-transparency-efficiency Agarwal, S., & Zhang, J. (2020). FinTech, lending and payment innovation: A review. Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies, 49(3), 353-367.  https://doi.org/10.1111/ajfs.12294
  2. Al Zoubi, A. (2023, April 1). Cyber security challenges facing KSA's financial services. GrantThornton. https://www.grantthornton.sa/en/insights/articles-and-publications/cyber_security_in_financial_institutes/ 
  3. An, Y. J., Choi, P. M. S., & Huang, S. H. (2021). Blockchain, cryptocurrency, and artificial intelligence in finance. In Fintech with artificial intelligence, big data, and blockchain (pp. 1-34). Singapore: Springer Singapore. 
  4. Arslanian, H., & Fischer, F. (2019). The future of finance: The impact of FinTech, AI, and crypto on financial services. Springer. 
  5. Balgobin, Y., Bounie, D., Quinn, M., & Waelbroeck, P. (2016). Payment instruments, financial privacy and online purchases. Review of Network Economics, 15(3), 147-168. 
  6. Bandar, A. (2023, October 12). Key challenges for fintech companies in Saudi Arabia. Majd Alaamal Payments. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/key-challenges-fintech-companies-saudi-arabia-bandar-alnuhayr-veelf 
  7. Berentsen, A. (2019). Aleksander berentsen recommends "bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system" by Satoshi Nakamoto. 21st Century Economics: Economic Ideas You Should Read and Remember, 7-8. 
  8. Chiesa, A., Green, M., Liu, J., Miao, P., Miers, I., & Mishra, P. (2017). Decentralized anonymous micropayments. In Advances in Cryptology-EUROCRYPT 2017: 36th Annual International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques, Paris, France, April 30-May 4, 2017, Proceedings, Part II 36 (pp. 609-642). Springer International Publishing. 
  9. De Luna, I. R., Liebana-Cabanillas, F., Sanchez-Fernandez, J., & Munoz-Leiva, F. (2019). Mobile payment is not all the same: The adoption of mobile payment systems depending on the technology applied. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 931-944.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.09.018
  10. Decker, C., & Wattenhofer, R. (2015). A fast and scalable payment network with bitcoin duplex micropayment channels. In Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems: 17th International Symposium, SSS 2015, Edmonton, AB, Canada, August 18-21, 2015, Proceedings 17 (pp. 3-18). Springer International Publishing. 
  11. Ducas, E., & Wilner, A. (2017). The security and financial implications of blockchain technologies: Regulating emerging technologies in Canada. International Journal, 72(4), 538-562. 
  12. Garman, C., Green, M., & Miers, I. (2017). Accountable privacy for decentralized anonymous payments. In Financial Cryptography and Data Security: 20th International Conference, FC 2016, Christ Church, Barbados, February 22-26, 2016, Revised Selected Papers 20 (pp. 81-98). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 
  13. General Authority for Statistics (GAS). (2020). Fixed and mobile broadband services and Internet penetration rate. Retrieved August 15, 2020, from https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/6390 
  14. Giudici, P. (2018). Fintech risk management: A research challenge for artificial intelligence in finance. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 1, 1. 
  15. Global Media Insight (GMI). (2019). Saudi Arabia social media statistics 2019 (Infographics) - GMI Blog. Retrieved September 15, 2020, from https://www.globalmediainsight.com/blog/saudi-arabia-social-media-statistics/ 
  16. Goldfeder, S., Kalodner, H., Reisman, D., & Narayanan, A. (2017). When the cookie meets the blockchain: Privacy risks of web payments via cryptocurrencies. arXiv preprint arXiv:1708.04748. 
  17. Gomber, P., Koch, J. A., & Siering, M. (2017). Digital Finance and FinTech: current research and future research directions. Journal of Business Economics, 87, 537-580.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-017-0852-x
  18. Gulati, P., Sharma, A., Bhasin, K., & Azad, C. (2020, May). Approaches of blockchain with ai: Challenges & future direction. In Proceedings of the international conference on innovative computing & communications (ICICC). 
  19. Harris, J. D., & Waggoner, B. (2019, July). Decentralized and collaborative AI on blockchain. In 2019 IEEE international conference on blockchain (Blockchain) (pp. 368-375). IEEE. 
  20. Harris, J. D., & Waggoner, B. (2019, July). Decentralized and collaborative AI on blockchain. In 2019 IEEE international conference on blockchain (Blockchain) (pp. 368-375). IEEE. 
  21. Hassani, H., Huang, X., & Silva, E. (2018). Big-crypto: Big data, blockchain and cryptocurrency. Big Data and Cognitive Computing, 2(4), 34. 
  22. Heilman, E., Baldimtsi, F., & Goldberg, S. (2016, February). Blindly signed contracts: Anonymous on-blockchain and off-blockchain bitcoin transactions. In International conference on financial cryptography and data security (pp. 43-60). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 
  23. Huang, R., Tlili, A., Wang, H., Shi, Y., Bonk, C. J., Yang, J., & Burgos, D. (2021). Emergence of the online-merge-offline (OMO) learning wave in the post-COVID-19 era: a pilot study. Sustainability, 13(6), 3512. 
  24. Jiang, Q., Ma, J., Li, G., & Li, X. (2015). Improvement of robust smart-card-based password authentication scheme. International Journal of Communication Systems, 28(2), 383-393.  https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.2644
  25. Karim, R., Rumi, L. S., Ashiqul Islam, M., Kobita, A. A., Tabassum, T., & Sagar Hossen, M. (2021). Digital signature authentication for a bank using asymmetric key cryptography algorithm and token based encryption. In Evolutionary Computing and Mobile Sustainable Networks: Proceedings of ICECMSN 2020 (pp. 853-859). Springer Singapore. 
  26. Khalilov, M. C. K., & Levi, A. (2018). A survey on anonymity and privacy in bitcoin-like digital cash systems. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 20(3), 2543-2585.  https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2018.2818623
  27. Kumar, V., Lai, K. K., Chang, Y. H., Bhatt, P. C., & Su, F. P. (2021). A structural analysis approach to identify technology innovation and evolution path: a case of m-payment technology ecosystem. Journal of Knowledge Management, 25(2), 477-499. 
  28. Li, S. (2020). Structure optimization of e-commerce platform based on artificial intelligence and blockchain technology. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2020, 1-8. 
  29. Li, S. (2020). Structure optimization of e-commerce platform based on artificial intelligence and blockchain technology. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2020, 1-8. 
  30. Liebana-Cabanillas, F., Munoz-Leiva, F., Molinillo, S., & Higueras-Castillo, E. (2022). Do biometric payment systems work during the COVID-19 pandemic? Insights from the Spanish users' viewpoint. Financial Innovation, 8(1), 1-25. 
  31. Mavroeidis, V., Vishi, K., Zych, M. D., & Josang, A. (2018). The impact of quantum computing on present cryptography. arXiv preprint arXiv:1804.00200. 
  32. McKinsey & Company. (2016). Digital banking in the Gulf. Retrieved October 1, 2020, from https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/locations/europe%20and%20middle%20east/middle%20east/overview/insights/digital%20banking%20in%20the%20gulf/digital%20banking%20in%20the%20gulf%20161116%20digital.ashx 
  33. Muheidat, F., Patel, D., Tammisetty, S., Lo'ai, A. T., & Tawalbeh, M. (2022). Emerging concepts using blockchain and big data. Procedia Computer Science, 198, 15-22.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.12.206
  34. Nikiforos, M., & Zezza, G. (2018). Stock-Flow Consistent macroeconomic models: a survey. Analytical Political Economy, 63-102. 
  35. Ogbanufe, O., & Kim, D. J. (2018). Comparing fingerprint-based biometrics authentication versus traditional authentication methods for e-payment. Decision Support Systems, 106, 1-14.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2017.11.003
  36. Oo, K. Z. (2019). Design and implementation of electronic payment gateway for secure online payment system. Int. J. Trend Sci. Res. Dev, 3, 1329-1334. 
  37. Puspadini, M., Yudhapramesti, P., & Bakry, G. N. (2023). Visitor Motives of Interest in Using DailySocial. id as a Micropayment News Portal. Jurnal Kajian Jurnalisme, 6(2), 171-184.  https://doi.org/10.24198/jkj.v6i2.40907
  38. Rajendran, B., Pandey, A. K., & Bindhumadhava, B. S. (2017, August). Secure and privacy preserving digital payment. In 2017 IEEE SmartWorld, Ubiquitous Intelligence & Computing, Advanced & Trusted Computed, Scalable Computing & Communications, Cloud & Big Data Computing, Internet of People and Smart City Innovation (SmartWorld/SCALCOM/UIC/ATC/CBDCom/IOP/SCI) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. 
  39. Regner, T., & Riener, G. (2017). Privacy is precious: On the attempt to lift anonymity on the internet to increase revenue. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 26(2), 318-336. 
  40. Russell, R., Berger, B., Stich, L., Hess, T., & Spann, M. (2020). Monetizing online content: Digital paywall design and configuration. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 62, 253-260.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-020-00632-5
  41. Sandner, P., Gross, J., & Richter, R. (2020). Convergence of blockchain, IoT, and AI. Frontiers in Blockchain, 3, 522600. 
  42. Schomakers, E. M., Lidynia, C., & Ziefle, M. (2020). All of me? Users' preferences for privacy-preserving data markets and the importance of anonymity. Electronic Markets, 30, 649-665.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-020-00404-9
  43. Sgantzos, K., & Grigg, I. (2019). Artificial intelligence implementations on the blockchain. Use cases and future applications. Future Internet, 11(8), 170. 
  44. Sinha, N., & Singh, N. (2023). Moderating and mediating effect of perceived experience on merchant's behavioral intention to use mobile payments services. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 28(3), 448-465.  https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-022-00163-y
  45. Swan, M. (2018). Blockchain for business: Next-generation enterprise artificial intelligence systems. In Advances in computers (Vol. 111, pp. 121-162). Elsevier. 
  46. Talib, A. A., & Salman, A. D. (2022). Design and develop authentication in electronic payment systems based on IoT and biometric. TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), 20(6), 1297-1306. https://doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v20i6.22157
  47. Wang, Z., Li, M., Lu, J., & Cheng, X. (2022). Business Innovation based on artificial intelligence and Blockchain technology. Information Processing & Management, 59(1), 102759. 
  48. World Bank. (2020). GDP per capita (current US$) - Saudi Arabia. Retrieved October 13, 2020, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=SA 
  49. Xuan, T. R., & Ness, S. (2023). Integration of Blockchain and AI: Exploring Application in the Digital Business. Journal of Engineering Research and Reports, 25(8), 20-39. https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8955