KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Classification of Cultivation Region for Soybean (Glycine max [L.]) in South Korea Based on 30 Years of Weather Indices

평년기상을 활용한 우리나라의 콩 재배지역 구분

  • Dong-Kyung Yoon (Crop Production Technology Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Jaesung Park (Crop Production Technology Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Jinhee Seo (Crop Production Technology Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Okjae Won (Crop Production Technology Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Man-Soo Choi (Crop Production Technology Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Hyeon Su Lee (Crop Production Technology Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Chaewon Lee (Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA)
  • 윤동경 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 박재성 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 서진희 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 원옥재 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 최만수 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 이현수 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 이채원 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과)
  • Received : 2024.01.18
  • Accepted : 2024.02.21
  • Published : 2024.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A region can be divided into cultivation zones based on homogeneity in weather variables that have the greatest influence on crop growth and yield. This study classified the cultivation zone of soybean using weather indices as a prior study to classify the agroclimatic zone of soybean. Meteorological factors affecting soybeans were determined through correlation analysis over a 10 year period (from 2013 to 2022) using data from the Miryang and Suwon regions collected from the soybean yield trial database of the Rural Development Administration, Korea and the meteorological database of the Korea Meteorological Administration. The correlation between growth characteristics and the minimum temperature, daily temperature range, and precipitation were high during the vegetative growth stages. Moreover, the correlation between yield components and the maximum temperature, daily temperature range, and precipitation were high during the reproductive growth stages. As a result of k-means clustering, soybean cultivation zones were divided into three zones. Zone 1 was the central inland region and southern Gyeonggi-do; Zone 2 was the southern part of the west coast, the southern part of the east coast, and the South Sea; and Zone 3 included parts of eastern Gyeonggi-do, Gangwon-do, and areas with high altitudes. Zone 1, which has a wide latitude range, was further subdivided into three cultivation zones. The results of this study may provide useful information for estimating agrometeorological characteristics and predicting the success of soybean cultivation in South Korea.

우리나라 주요 밭작물의 하나인 콩 재배에서 기상에 맞는 재배 양식 개발이 필요함에 따라 콩 작황시험 생육 및 수량 조사 데이터를 이용해 콩에 영향을 끼치는 기상요소를 추출하고 재배지역을 구분하였다. 1. 밀양과 수원지역의 콩 10년 동안의 작황시험 결과와 기상자료 간의 상관분석을 통해 콩에 영향을 미치는 기상요소를 분석한 결과, 생육 특성과 영양생장기 기상과의 상관관계는 일교차, 강수량과 최저온도에서 높게 나타났으며, 수량특성과 생식생장기 기상과는 일교차, 강수량, 최고온도에서 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 2. 추출한 기상요소와 위도, 해발고도를 포함해 콩의 재배지역 구분을 위해 k-means clustering을 실시한 결과, 지역은 세 가지로 나누어졌으며, zone 1은 중부내륙지역과 경기도 남부지역, zone 2는 서해안 남부지역, 동해안 남부지역과 남해지역, zone 3은 경기도 동부 일부지역과 강원도 및 해발고도가 높은 지역이 포함되었다. 3. 세 가지 지역 중 위도의 범위가 넓은 zone 1을 세 가지 지역으로 세분한 결과, Zone 1-1은 다른 두 지역에 비해 위도가 낮았으며, 강수량이 적은 특징을 가진다. Zone 1-2는 다른 두 지역에 비해 짧은 일조시간과 높은 기온이 특징적이었다. Zone 1-3은 위도 상으로는 두 지역의 중앙에 위치해 있으며, 일조 시간이 길면서 일교차가 큰 특징이었다. 4. 본 연구에서 콩 재배를 위한 한국의 재배지역은 크게 3가지로 구분되었으며, 작게는 5가지 지역으로 구분되었다. 기상 요소 및 생육 정보를 기반으로 한 재배지역을 구분함으로써 국내 콩 생산에 기여할 수 있는 새로운 정보를 제공하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 연구사업(콩 생산단지 최적 모델 개발 및 재배기술 체계화 연구(과제번호: PJ017118012023))의 지원에 의해 이루어진 것임.

References

  1. Abugalieva, S., S. Didorenko, S. Anuarbek, L. Volkova, Y. Gerasimova, I. Sidorik, and Y. Turuspekov. 2016. Assessment of soybean flowering and seed maturation time in different latitude regions of Kazakhstan. PLoS One. 11(12) : e0166894.
  2. Ahn, J. B., J. Hur, and K. M. Shim. 2010. A Simulation of Agro-Climate Index over the Korean Peninsula Using Dynamical Downscaling with a Numerical Weather Prediction Model. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 12(1) : 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2010.12.1.001
  3. Ban, H. Y., D. H. Choi, J. B. Ahn, and B. W. Lee. 2017. Predicting Regional Soybean Yield using Crop Growth Simulation Model. Korean Journal of Remote Sensing. 33(5) : 699-708.
  4. Basnet, B., E. L. Mader, and C. D. Nickell. 1974. Influence of Altitude on Seed Yield and Other Characters of Soybeans Differing in Maturity in Sikkim (Himalayan Kingdom). Agronomy Journal. 66(4) : 531-533. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1974.00021962006600040016x
  5. Capelin, M. A., L. A. Madella, M. C. Panho, D. Meira, R. A. Fernandes, L. L. Colonelli, and G. Benin. 2022. Impact of altitude on grain yield, oil, and protein content of soybean. Australian Journal of Crop Science. 16(2) : 273-279. https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.22.16.02.3439
  6. Chang, Y. J., J. W. Lee, J. K. Park, and H. J. Park. 2015. Study on effects of meteorological elements in the grain production of Korea. Journal of Environmental Science International. 24(3) : 281-290. https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2015.24.3.281
  7. Cho, Y. S., H. G. Park, W. H. Kim, S. D. Kim, J. H. Seo, and J. C. Shin. 2006. Growth and yield related characteristics of soybeans for the estimation of grain yield in upland and drained-paddy field. Korean Journal of Crop Science. 51(7) : 599-607.
  8. Choi, D. H. and S. H. Yun. 1989. Agroclimatic zone and characters of the area subject to climatic disaster in Korea. Journal of Korean Society of Crop Science. 34(2) : 13-33.
  9. Choi, D. H., Y. S. Jung, B. C. Kim, and M. S. Kim. 1985. Zoning of agroclimatic regions based on climatic characteristics during the rice planting period. Korean Journal of Crop Science. 30(3) : 229-235.
  10. Chung, U., P. Shin, and M. C. Seo. 2017. Exploring ways to improve the predictability of flowering time and potential yield of soybean in the crop model simulation. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 19(4) : 203-214.
  11. Eum, H. I. 2015. Application of a statistical interpolation method to correct extreme values in high-resolution gridded climate variables. Journal of Climate Change Research. 6(4) : 331-344. https://doi.org/10.15531/ksccr.2015.6.4.331
  12. Hong, K. O., M. S. Suh, D. K. Rha, D. H. Chang, C. Kim, and M. K. Kim. 2007. Estimation of high resolution gridded temperature using GIS and PRISM. Atmosphere. 17(3) : 255-268.
  13. Jung, M. P., H. J. Park, J. Hur, K. M. Shim, Y. Kim, K. K. Kang, and J. B. Ahn. 2019a. Classification of Agro-Climatic Zones of the State of Mato Grosso in Brazil. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture. 38(1) : 34-37. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2019.38.1.4
  14. Jung, M. P., J. Hur, H. J. Park, K. M. Shim, and J. B. Ahn. 2015. Classification of agro-climatic zones in Northeast district of China. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 17(2) : 102-107. https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2015.17.2.102
  15. Jung, M. P., J. Hur, K. M. Shim, Y. Kim, K. K. Kang, S. K. Choi, and B. T. Lee, 2019b. Reference evapotranspiration estimates based on meteorological variables over Korean agro-climatic zones for rice field. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 21(4) : 229-237.
  16. Kim, D. J., S. O. Kim, K. H. Moon, and J. I. Yun. 2012. An outlook on cereal grains production in South Korea based on crop growth simulation under the RCP8. 5 climate change scenarios. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 14(3) : 132-141. https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2012.14.3.132
  17. Kim, J. G., E. S. Chung, J. S. Ham, S. Seo, M. J. Kim, S. H. Yoon, and Y. C. Lim. 2007. Effect of growth stage and variety on the yield and quality of whole crop rice. Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 27(1) : 1-8. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2007.27.1.001
  18. Kim, J., C. K. Lee, H. Kim, B. W. Lee, and K. S. Kim. 2015. Requirement Analysis of a System to Predict Crop Yield under Climate Change. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 12(1) : 1-10.
  19. Kim, S. K., J. S. Park, Y. S. Lee, H. C. Seo, K. S. Kim, and J. I. Yun. 2004. Development and Use of Digital Climate Models in Northern Gyunggi Province - II. Site-specific Performance Evaluation of Soybean Cultivars by DCM-based Growth Simulation. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 6(1) : 61-69.
  20. Kim, Y., K. Shim, M. Jung, I. Choi, and K. Kang. 2016. Classification of agroclimatic zones considering the topography characteristics in South Korea. Journal of Climate Change Research. 7(4) : 507-512. https://doi.org/10.15531/ksccr.2016.7.4.507
  21. Koo, J. Y., H. J. Park, D. Choi, and S. S. Kim. 2013. Data mining. KNOU Press, Seoul.
  22. Lee, J. E., G. H. Jung, S. K. Kim, M. T. Kim, S. H. Shin, and W. T. Jeon. 2019. Effects of growth period and cumulative temperature on flowering, ripening and yield of soybean by sowing times. The Korean Journal of Crop Science. 64(4) : 406-413. https://doi.org/10.7740/KJCS.2019.64.4.406
  23. Lee, K., B. I. Jeong, K. S. Choi, and S. K. Lee. 1983. A study of gravity and geomagnetism of Jeju Island. Journal of Geological Society. 19(1) : 1-10.
  24. Lee, S. G. and B. H. Kang. 2001. Effect of overhead flooding stress on photosynthesis and growth in rice. Korean Journal of Crop Science. 46(3) : 209-214.
  25. Lee, S., I. Heo, K. Lee, and W. T. Kwon. 2005. Classification of local climate region in Korea. Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society. 41(6) : 983-995.
  26. Lin, X., B. Liu, J. L. Weller, J. Abe, and F. Kong. 2021. Molecular mechanisms for the photoperiodic regulation of flowering in soybean. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology. 63(6) : 981-994. https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.13021
  27. Major, D. J., D. R. Johnson, J. W. Tanner, and I. C. Anderson. 1975. Effects of day length and temperature on soybean development. Crop Science. 15(2) : 174-179. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1975.0011183X001500020009x
  28. Ok, H. C., Y. H. Yoon, J. C. Jeong, O. S. Hur, C. W. Lee, C. G. Kim, and H. M. Cho. 2008. Yields and Isoflavon Contens of Soybean Culitvar in Highland Area. Journal of the Korean Crop Society. 53(1) : 102-109.
  29. Park, C., Y. Choi, J. Y. Moon, and W. T. Yun. 2009. Classification of Climate Zones in South Korea Considering both Air Temperature and Rainfall. Journal of the Korean Geographical Society. 44(1) : 1-16.
  30. Park, H. W. and B. C. Moon. 1998. A Classification of climate region in Korea using GPS. Journal of the Korean Geographical Society. 33(1) : 17-40.
  31. Seo, S., E. S. Chung, K. Y. Kim, G. J. Choi, J. N. Ahn, J. S. Han, and Y. S. Kim. 2010. Comparison of forage productivity and quality of Italian ryegrass and barley mono, and mixtures sown in early spring. Journal of the Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 30(2) : 115-120. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2010.30.2.115
  32. Shim, K. M., G. Y. Kim, K. A. Roh, H. C. Jeong, and D. B. Lee. 2008. Evaluation of Agro-Climatic Indices under Climate Change. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 10(4) : 113-120. https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2008.10.4.113
  33. Shim, K. M., Y. S. Kim, M. P. Jung, I. T. Choi, and S. H. Min. 2014. Agro-climatic zonal characteristics of the frequency of abnormal duration of sunshine in South Korea. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 16(1) : 83-91. https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2014.16.1.83
  34. Song, E. Y., K. H. Moon, S. H. Wi, and S. Oh. 2018. Growth and bulb characteristics of extremely early-maturing onion by air temperature variation at different altitudes. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 20(4) : 321-329.
  35. Woo, B. J., M. K. Lee, and H. J. Kim. 2011. A Study on Establishing Rice Replacing Forage Crops Using-System. Korea Rural Economic Institute. Basic Research Report : 1-119.