Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

  • 제57권2호
  • /
  • Pages.128-137
  • /
  • 2024
  • /
  • 1975-8375(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-4521(eISSN)
대한예방의학회 (The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Symptoms, Mental Health, and Quality of Life Among Patients After COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-sectional Study in Vietnam

  • Hai Nguyen Thanh (Faculty of Public Health, Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy) ;
  • Duc Cap Minh (Faculty of Public Health, Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy) ;
  • Hien Hoang Thu (Hospital Mental Health Protection) ;
  • Duc Nguyen Quang (Faculty of Public Health, Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy)
  • 투고 : 2023.11.12
  • 심사 : 2024.01.17
  • 발행 : 2024.03.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Objectives: This study was conducted to characterize the symptoms, mental health, quality of life (QoL), and associated factors following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 394 participants previously infected with COVID-19 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Mental health was assessed using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Participants self-reported health-related QoL was measured with the EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) scale. Results: Among the participants, 76.4% reported experiencing at least one symptom following COVID-19 infection. The most common symptoms were fatigue (42.1%), cognitive dysfunction (42.9%), and hair loss (27.9%). According to the DASS-21 results, the proportions of depression, anxiety, and stress were 28.7%, 26.4%, and 20.6%, respectively. The mean scores on the EQ-5D-5L and the EuroQol Visual Analog Scale were 0.94±0.11 and 84.20±13.11, respectively. Regarding QoL issues, the highest proportion of participants (32.7%) reported experiencing anxiety or depression, followed by pain or discomfort (25.4%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that factors associated with the presence of symptoms following COVID-19 infection included female (odds ratio [OR], 2.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65 to 4.91) and having QoL issues (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.71 to 6.19). Conclusions: The study investigated the prevalence rates of various symptoms following COVID-19 infection. These findings underscore the need to prioritize comprehensive care for individuals recovering from COVID-19 and to implement strategies to mitigate the long-term impact of the disease on mental health and QoL.

키워드

과제정보

We extend our gratitude to all individuals who participated in the study. Additionally, we sincerely thank the medical staff at Medical Station, Ward 1, District 8, Ho Chi Minh City, for their assistance in the data collection process.

참고문헌

  1. World Health Organization. Archived: WHO timeline - COVID19; 2020 Apr 27 [cited 2023 May 15]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/27-04-2020-who-timeline---covid-19
  2. World Health Organization. Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19 - 5 April 2022 [cited 2023 May 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---5-april-2022
  3. World Health Organization. Viet Nam situation; 2023 [cited 2023 Nov 8]. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/region/wpro/country/vn
  4. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing the long-term effects of COVID-19; 2022 [cited 2022 May 12]. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng188
  5. Menges D, Ballouz T, Anagnostopoulos A, Aschmann HE, Domenghino A, Fehr JS, et al. Burden of post-COVID-19 syndrome and implications for healthcare service planning: a population-based cohort study. PLoS One 2021;16(7):e0254523. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254523
  6. World Health Organization. Post COVID-19 condition (long COVID); 2022 [cited 2023 Jun 10]. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/news-room/fact-sheets/item/post-covid-19-condition
  7. Shah W, Hillman T, Playford ED, Hishmeh L. Managing the long term effects of covid-19: summary of NICE, SIGN, and RCGP rapid guideline. BMJ 2021;372:n136. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n136
  8. Garrigues E, Janvier P, Kherabi Y, Le Bot A, Hamon A, Gouze H, et al. Post-discharge persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life after hospitalization for COVID-19. J Infect 2020;81(6):e4-e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.08.029
  9. Halpin SJ, McIvor C, Whyatt G, Adams A, Harvey O, McLean L, et al. Postdischarge symptoms and rehabilitation needs in survivors of COVID-19 infection: a cross-sectional evaluation. J Med Virol 2021;93(2):1013-1022. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.26368
  10. Taboada M, Moreno E, Carinena A, Rey T, Pita-Romero R, Leal S, et al. Quality of life, functional status, and persistent symptoms after intensive care of COVID-19 patients. Br J Anaesth 2021;126(3):e110-e113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.12.007
  11. Jennings G, Monaghan A, Xue F, Mockler D, Romero-Ortuno R. A systematic review of persistent symptoms and residual abnormal functioning following acute COVID-19: ongoing symptomatic phase vs. post-COVID-19 syndrome. J Clin Med 2021;10(24):5913. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10245913
  12. Kaszuba M, Madej N, Pilinski R, Sliwka A. Post-COVID-19 symptoms in adults with asthma-systematic review. Biomedicines 2023;11(8):2268. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082268
  13. Arab-Zozani M, Hashemi F, Safari H, Yousefi M, Ameri H. Health-related quality of life and its associated factors in COVID-19 patients. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2020;11(5):296-302. https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.5.05
  14. Bellan M, Soddu D, Balbo PE, Baricich A, Zeppegno P, Avanzi GC, et al. Respiratory and psychophysical sequelae among patients with COVID-19 four months after hospital discharge. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4(1):e2036142. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36142
  15. Nasserie T, Hittle M, Goodman SN. Assessment of the frequency and variety of persistent symptoms among patients with COVID-19: a systematic review. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4(5):e2111417. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.11417
  16. Huang C, Huang L, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Gu X, et al. 6-Month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study. Lancet 2023;401(10393):e21-e33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00810-3
  17. Carfi A, Bernabei R, Landi F; Gemelli Against COVID-19 Post-Acute Care Study Group. Persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID-19. JAMA 2020;324(6):603-605. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.12603
  18. Logue JK, Franko NM, McCulloch DJ, McDonald D, Magedson A, Wolf CR, et al. Sequelae in adults at 6 months after COVID19 infection. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4(2):e210830. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0830
  19. Havervall S, Rosell A, Phillipson M, Mangsbo SM, Nilsson P, Hober S, et al. Symptoms and functional impairment assessed 8 months after mild COVID-19 among health care workers. JAMA 2021;325(19):2015-2016. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.5612
  20. Davis HE, Assaf GS, McCorkell L, Wei H, Low RJ, Re'em Y, et al. Characterizing long COVID in an international cohort: 7 months of symptoms and their impact. EClinicalMedicine 2021;38:101019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101019
  21. Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behav Res Ther 1995;33(3):335-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-U
  22. Antony MM, Bieling PJ, Cox BJ, Enns MW, Swinson RP. Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychol Assess 1998;10(2):176-181. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.10.2.176
  23. Tran TD, Tran T, Fisher J. Validation of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS) 21 as a screening instrument for depression and anxiety in a rural community-based cohort of northern Vietnamese women. BMC Psychiatry 2013;13:24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-13-24
  24. EuroQol Research Foundation. EQ-5D-5L [cited 2023 Mar 10]. Available from: https://euroqol.org/eq-5d-instruments/eq5d-5l-about/
  25. Mai VQ, Sun S, Minh HV, Luo N, Giang KB, Lindholm L, et al. An EQ-5D-5L value set for Vietnam. Qual Life Res 2020;29(7):1923-1933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-020-02469-7
  26. AlRadini FA, Alamri F, Aljahany MS, Almuzaini Y, Alsofayan Y, Khan A, et al. Post-acute COVID-19 condition in Saudi Arabia: a national representative study. J Infect Public Health 2022;15(5):526-532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2022.03.013
  27. Ceban F, Ling S, Lui LM, Lee Y, Gill H, Teopiz KM, et al. Fatigue and cognitive impairment in post-COVID-19 syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav Immun 2022;101:93-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2021.12.020
  28. Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C, Palacios-Cena D, Gomez-Mayor-domo V, Rodriuez-Jimenez J, Palacios-Cena M, Velasco-Arribas M, et al. Long-term post-COVID symptoms and associated risk factors in previously hospitalized patients: a multicenter study. J Infect 2021;83(2):237-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.04.036
  29. Le HT, Lai AJ, Sun J, Hoang MT, Vu LG, Pham HQ, et al. Anxiety and depression among people under the nationwide partial lockdown in Vietnam. Front Public Health 2020;8:589359. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.589359
  30. Nguyen HB, Nguyen TH, Vo TH, Vo TC, Nguyen DN, Nguyen HT, et al. Post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression and related factors among COVID-19 patients during the fourth wave of the pandemic in Vietnam. Int Health 2023;15(4):365-375. https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihac040
  31. Hossain MM, Tasnim S, Sultana A, Faizah F, Mazumder H, Zou L, et al. Epidemiology of mental health problems in COVID-19: a review. F1000Res 2020;9:636. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24457.1
  32. Shi L, Lu ZA, Que JY, Huang XL, Liu L, Ran MS, et al. Prevalence of and risk factors associated with mental health symptoms among the general population in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. JAMA Netw Open 2020;3(7):e2014053. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.14053
  33. Khademi M, Vaziri-Harami R, Shams J. Prevalence of mental health problems and its associated factors among recovered COVID-19 patients during the pandemic: a single-center study. Front Psychiatry 2021;12:602244. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.602244
  34. Tee ML, Tee CA, Anlacan JP, Aligam KJ, Reyes PW, Kuruchittham V, et al. Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. J Affect Disord 2020;277:379-391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.043
  35. Kamal NM, Othman N. Depression, anxiety, and stress in the time of COVID-19 pandemic in Kurdistan region, Iraq. Kurd J Appl Res 2020;5(3):37-44. https://doi.org/10.24017/covid.5
  36. Nguyen LH, Tran BX, Hoang Le QN, Tran TT, Latkin CA. Quality of life profile of general Vietnamese population using EQ-5D5L. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2017;15(1):199. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-017-0771-0
  37. Kangwanrattanakul K. Normative profile of the EQ-5D-5L dimensions, EQ-5D-5L index and EQ-VAS scores for the general Thai population. Qual Life Res 2023;32(9):2489-2502. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-023-03420-2
  38. Tough R. Ho Chi Minh City during the fourth wave of COVID19 in Vietnam. City Soc (Wash) 2021;33(3):10.1111/ciso.12413.https://doi.org/10.1111/ciso.12413
  39. Ping W, Zheng J, Niu X, Guo C, Zhang J, Yang H, et al. Evaluation of health-related quality of life using EQ-5D in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2020;15(6):e0234850. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234850