The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology (문화기술의 융합)

The International Promotion Agency of Culture Technology (국제문화기술진흥원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

'Han of the Class' based on the Relationship between Character and Non-Character Symbols - on the Film of Bong Joon-ho -

인물 기호와 비인물 기호 관계를 바탕으로 한 '계급의 한' -봉준호 영화를 중심으로-

  • 조송림 (경일대학교 일반대학원) ;
  • 김유진 (경일대학교 사진영상학부)
  • Received : 2024.01.02
  • Accepted : 2024.02.10
  • Published : 2024.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The concept of 'Han' is a psychological characteristic formed by Koreans through long-lasting national hardships. It has deeply influenced every Korean as a form of collective unconscious and has merged with various forms of art over time. Director Bong Joon-ho's works, rich in social consciousness, symbolically visualize sensitive issues like social class, presenting harsh satire on class oppression. His movies continuously emphasize human desires, the homogeneity of good and evil, insurmountable class barriers, and moral decay caused by desires. They produce a wealth of symbols filled with layers and power dynamics. Bong Joon-ho dramatically portrays and directs various forms of symbols. The metaphorical symbols in his movies provide a unique research value for delving into the deeper meanings of the films.This study examines the theme of 'class Han' in six of Bong Joon-ho's films, exploring the 'Han culture' of Korea. It applies semiotic concepts by categorizing into character and non-character symbols for an in-depth analysis of the films. The representative works from the late 1990s to the late 2010s articulate the class layers of the 'visible' and the 'invisible' through a blend of realism and surrealism. The study analyzes Bong Joon-ho's films in the sequence of 'satire-exposure-hope', examining the culturally critical nature of 'Han culture' on class and its psychological and cultural impact on the general public.

'한(Han)'은 한국인들이 오랜 민족적 고난을 경험하면서 형성한 심리적 특성이다. 이는 집단적 무의식의 형태로, 모든 한국인에게 깊은 영향을 끼쳤으며, 시대의 변화에 따라 다양한 예술 형식과 융합되었다. 봉준호 감독의 작품들은 사회적 문제의식을 담은 영화로, 계급 간의 '한'을 서사화하여 한국 역사와 현실의 문제를 재조명한다. 이 연구는 봉준호 감독의 여섯 편의 영화를 통해 '계급의 한'이라는 주제로 한국의 '한 문화'를 고찰한다. 영화 분석에는 인물기호와 비인물 기호를 구분하여 기호학적 접근을 적용한다. 1990년대 후반부터 2010년대 후반까지의 대표작들은 사실주의와 초현실주의 기법을 활용하여 계급적 계층의 '보이는 것'과 '보이지 않는 것'을 명확히 표현한다. 이 연구는 봉준호 감독의 영화를 '풍자-폭로-희망'의 순서로 분석하여, 그의 작품이 계급에 미치는 문화적 비판적 성격과 대중의 정신 문화적 측면에 미치는 영향을 탐구한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Gui-Yeon Jang, "The Class Structure of Korea in the Neoliberal Age", Marxist studies, Vol.10, No.3, pp.12, 2013.
  2. Jiang Zhicheng, "Research on Internet flaunt Wealth from the Perspective of Social Transformation", Management Observation, pp.46-47, 2022. DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7243.2017.17.029
  3. Song, Man-yong, Song, Jin-yeul, "A Study on the Space of Paradoxical 'Han(恨)' of Bong Joon Ho's Film in", Journal of Communication Design, No.70, pp.303, 2020. DOI 10.25111/jcd.2020.70.22
  4. Dai Jianhua, Yang Nan, "International Public Opinion Analysis of Nuclear Sewage Discharge in Japan", Contemporary World, pp.74-79, June 2021.
  5. Dai Jinhua, "Space and the Class Cube", Chinese Journal of Social Sciences, October 29, 2016.
  6. Christian M. Matz., "Le significant imaginaire". China Radio and Television Press, No.8, 2006.
  7. Wei Yi, "Metz film semitics and its meaning", China New Communications, No.22, pp.239, June 2020. DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4866.2020.07.207
  8. Che Wenbo, "The Freud Collection", Changchun Press, pp. 467, 1998.
  9. Fu Tianjiao, "The study of the 'Han' of North Korean aesthetic emotion", Yanbian University, April 2013.
  10. Du Cuifang, "Inheritance and change of Korean 'Han' Culture", Cultural Vision, No.4, pp. 128, 2016.
  11. Pan Wenjiao, "The meanings and similarities between Chinese and Korean 'Han' and the historical origin of Korean 'Han' cultural complex", Cultural Exchange, No.5, pp.174, 2023. DOI 10.3969/j.issn.2096-4110.2023.05.035
  12. Wang Xiaoling, "The inheritance and change of Korean 'Han' culture, an analysis and study of Korean high school literature textbooks", Contemporary Korea, No.7, 2010. DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1007-483X.2010.03.007
  13. Park Chung Kam, "More 'Han' the nation, more 'Han' the president Roh Moo-hyun suicide cause analysis", Journal of Beijing International Studies University, pp. 58, 2010.
  14. Kim Dazhong, "Building peace and Democracy: The Collection of Philosophy and Dialogue", World Knowledge Press, pp. 235,45, 1991.
  15. Wu Tong, "Han Culture Research in Korean Contemporary Film", Shandong Normal University, May 2018.
  16. Xu Yingying, Zhang Yanyu, "the Korean society under the influence of 'Han' culture and 'pro sperity' culture", Business Situation, No. 26, 2012.
  17. He Xiaoqian, "The Symbol Of the Metaphor And Construction Function Of the Film Class Take Parasite As An Example", Sound Screen World, pp. 62, November 2020.
  18. Karl Marx, "Marxist class class theory and contemporary social development", Social Sciences Academic Press, 2020.
  19. Bian Jiang, "Binary conflict, genre brushwork, narrative breaking: On the author of the film "kidnap the Dog at the Door", Beijing Film Academy, No.7, pp. 145, 2022.
  20. Antonio Gramsci, "Notes from the Prison", China Social Sciences Press, October 2000.
  21. Max Scheler, "Value subversion", Beijing Sanlian Bookstore, pp. 7-10, 1997.
  22. Amy Taubin, "A House Divided-Part Twisty Social Thriller, Part Heart-Stopping Tragicomedy, Bong Joon-ho's Tour De Force Parasite Locks Two Families", Film Comment pp. 28-30, 2019.
  23. Xiong Fang, "World Award film 'Parasite' and Art directed by Bong Jun-ho", Yanbian University Newspaper (Social Science edition), Vo.53, No.4, pp. 141-142, 2020. DOI 10.16154/j.cnki.cn22-1025/c.2020.04.005
  24. Huang Baoyan, "Analysis of audio-visual language in film metaphor narrative Taking the film Parasite as an example", New Media Thinking, No.5, pp. 125, 2020.
  25. Gong Pixiang, "Max Weber's Explanation of political ideas". Research on legal Modernization, pp. 2015.
  26. Carl Gustav Jung, "Psychology and Literature", Beijing: Sanlian Bookstore, pp. 138. 1987.
  27. Li Yifei, "The Era Of Desolate Rainy night South Korean Classic Film Memories Of Murder Dialysis", Film And Television Literature, No.11, pp, 104, 2020.
  28. Du Qingchun., "Image Srategy Of Unresolved Conditions Problem Awareness, Reflection And Ttype Of Bong Jun-ho's Films". Journal of Beijing Film Academy, No.3, pp. 42-49, 2007.
  29. Jiang Minghui, Li Guofeng, Shao Jingbo, "From"Han Kang Miracle" to 'IMF Crisis' Evaluation of Korean's Industrial Policy in Economic Developmen", Decision Reference, No.5, pp. 46-47, 1999.
  30. Zhang Zengwei, "The Symbol Construction And Meaning Of Bong Junhao's Film The Monster On The Han River", Literature Education, No.6, pp. 85. 2023. DOI 10.16692/j.cnki.wxjyx.2023.07.012
  31. Hu Xinyue. "Research on film creation by Korean director Bong Joon-ho from the perspective of film semiotics". Mass Literature and Art Film and Television Media, No.7, pp. 123, 2021. DOI 10.27410/d.cnki.gxbfu.2021.000414
  32. Jun Bing, Feng Zini, "Monster, Fable and post-national film Reality view, historical source and enlightenment significance of Bong Jun-ho film", Image Reading, pp. 73-85, 2020. DOI 0.16364/j.cnki.cn11-4907/j.2020.03.010 https://doi.org/10.16364/j.cnki.cn11-4907/j.2020.03.010
  33. Dai Guibin, "Class and stratum: two modes of social stratification", Social Science in Ningxia, No.1, pp. 48-51, 2007. DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1002-0292.2007.01.013
  34. Fan Xiaoqing, "The Development of the modern film industry in South Korea", Contemporary Film, No.2, pp. 104-109, 2014.
  35. Hu Xiaonan, "'Snow Train' The dystopian Hollywood imagination of a Korean director", Art Journal of Shandong University, No.3, pp. 144, 2015. DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1002-2236.2015.03.020