대한지역사회영양학회지 (Korean Journal of Community Nutrition)

대한지역사회영양학회 (The Korean Society of Community Nutrition)
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COVID-19 팬데믹 전후 한국 성인 남녀의 건강 및 식생활행태 비교연구: 국민건강영양조사 제8기(2019-2021년도) 자료 활용

Comparative study on the health and dietary habits of Korean male and female adults before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: utilizing data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2021)

  • 김채민 (대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김은정 (대구가톨릭대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Chaemin Kim (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Eunjung Kim (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University)
  • 투고 : 2024.01.23
  • 심사 : 2024.02.22
  • 발행 : 2024.02.29
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초록

Objectives: This study aims to compare changes in physical factors, health behaviors, eating habits, and nutritional intake among Korean male and female adults over a period of three years (2019-2021) before and after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This study utilized raw data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2021). The participants in this study included 6,235 individuals in 2019, 5,865 individuals in 2020, and 5,635 individuals in 2021. Individuals whose daily energy intake was less than 500 kcal or exceeded 5,000 kcal were excluded from the study. Results: In comparison to 2019, overweight/obesity rates, weight, waist circumference, weekend sleep hours, and resistance exercise days/week increased in both male and female during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regarding eating habits, the proportions of people skipping breakfast, not eating out, consuming health supplements, and recognizing nutritional labels increased in 2020 and 2021, whereas the rate of skipping dinner decreased. Total energy intake has continued to decrease for the two years since 2019. A comparison of nutrient intake per 1,000 kcal before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 revealed that intake of nutrients, including protein, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, and niacin increased, while folic acid intake decreased. In male, calcium, phosphorus, riboflavin, and niacin intakes increased, whereas iron, vitamin C, and folic acid intakes decreased. In female, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin intake increased significantly, while protein and niacin intake decreased significantly. Conclusions: After COVID-19, the obesity rate, breakfast skipping rate, health supplement intake, and nutritional label use increased, while the frequency of eating out, dinner skipping rate, and total energy intake decreased. These environmental changes and social factors highlight the need for nutritional education and management to ensure proper nutritional intake and reduce obesity rates in the post-COVID-19 era.

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과제정보

This work was supported by research grants from Daegu Catholic University in 2021.

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